JP6501282B2 - 粒状多孔体に接触させて反応させる反応方法 - Google Patents
粒状多孔体に接触させて反応させる反応方法 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
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- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
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- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/103—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate comprising silica
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
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- B01D15/38—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography characterised by the separation mechanism involving specific interaction not covered by one or more of groups B01D15/265 - B01D15/36
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Description
前記反応対象が金属イオンまたは分子量2000以下の範囲の低分子化合物であり、
前記粒状多孔体を充填してなるカラムに前記液体を通流させて前記粒状多孔体内に拡散させるカラム通流法、或いは、前記液体中に前記粒状多孔体を分散して添加し、前記液体及び前記粒状多孔体を振盪させて前記液体を前記粒状多孔体内に拡散させる振盪法を用い、
前記粒状多孔体が、3次元連続網目構造の無機化合物からなる骨格体を有し、更に、前記骨格体の間隙に形成された貫通孔と、前記骨格体の表面から内部に向けて延伸する前記表面に分散して形成された細孔からなる2段階階層的多孔構造を有し、
前記細孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径が、前記反応対象が金属イオンの場合は、2nm以上20nm以下の範囲内にあり、前記反応対象が前記低分子化合物の場合は、5nm以上50nm以下の範囲内にあり、
前記貫通孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径が、前記細孔の最頻孔径の5倍以上で、且つ、0.1μm以上50μm以下の範囲内にあり、
前記粒状多孔体の粒子径が、前記貫通孔の最頻孔径の2倍以上、且つ、20μm以上で、前記液体と前記粒状多孔体の接触時間T(秒)に依存して定まる上限値D(mm)以下の範囲内にあり、
前記上限値Dは、
前記液体中の前記反応対象の濃度を一定に維持して持続的に通流させる非循環式の前記カラム通流法では、
D=0.556×LN(T)+0.166
により与えられ、但し、関数LNは自然対数であり、
反応後の前記液体を前記カラムに戻して持続的に循環させる循環式の前記カラム通流法及び前記振盪法では、
D=0.0315×T+0.470
により与えられ、
前記接触時間T(秒)は、
非循環式の前記カラム通流法では、前記粒状多孔体の容積(m3)を前記液体の通流速度(m3/秒)で除した値で与えられ、
循環式の前記カラム通流法では、前記液体の通流時間(秒)に、前記粒状多孔体の容積を前記液体の容積で除した容積比を乗じた値で与えられ、
前記振盪法では、前記液体中に前記粒状多孔体を添加してからの経過時間(秒)に、前記容積比を乗じた値で与えられることを第1の特徴とする反応方法を提供する。
前記反応対象が分子量2000以上1000000以下の範囲の化合物であり、
前記液体中の前記反応対象の濃度を一定に維持して前記粒状多孔体を充填してなるカラムに前記液体を持続的に通流させて前記粒状多孔体内に拡散させる非循環式のカラム通流法を用い、
前記粒状多孔体が、3次元連続網目構造の無機化合物からなる骨格体を有し、更に、前記骨格体の間隙に形成された貫通孔と、前記骨格体の表面から内部に向けて延伸する前記表面に分散して形成された細孔からなる2段階階層的多孔構造を有し、
前記細孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径が、10nm以上100nm以下の範囲内にあり、
前記貫通孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径が、前記細孔の最頻孔径の5倍以上で、且つ、0.1μm以上50μm以下の範囲内にあり、
前記粒状多孔体の粒子径が、前記貫通孔の最頻孔径の2倍以上、且つ、20μm以上で、前記液体と前記粒状多孔体の接触時間T(秒)に依存して定まる上限値D(mm)以下の範囲内にあり、
前記上限値Dは、
D=0.198×LN(T)+0.270
により与えられ、但し、関数LNは自然対数であり、
前記接触時間Tは、前記粒状多孔体の容積(m3)を前記液体の通流速度(m3/秒)で除した値で与えられることを第2の特徴とする反応方法を提供する。
前記塊状多孔体が、3次元連続網目構造の前記無機化合物からなる骨格体を有し、更に、前記骨格体の間隙に形成された貫通孔と、前記骨格体の表面から内部に向けて延伸する前記表面に分散して形成された細孔を有する少なくとも2段階階層的多孔構造を有し、前記塊状多孔体の細孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径が、前記粒状多孔体の細孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径と同じ範囲内にあり、前記塊状多孔体の貫通孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径が、前記粒状多孔体の貫通孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径と同じ範囲内にあることが好ましい。
3次元連続網目構造の無機化合物からなる骨格体を有し、更に、前記骨格体の間隙に形成された貫通孔と、前記骨格体の表面から内部に向けて延伸する前記表面に分散して形成された細孔からなる2段階階層的多孔構造を有し、
前記細孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径が、2nm以上20nm以下の範囲内にあり、
前記貫通孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径が、前記細孔の最頻孔径の5倍以上で、且つ、0.1μm以上50μm以下の範囲内にあり、
前記粒状多孔体の粒子径が、前記貫通孔の最頻孔径の2倍以上、且つ、20μm以上で、4mm以下の範囲内にあり、
前記粒状多孔体の表面に、前記金属イオンと親和性を有する官能基が化学修飾されていることを特徴とする粒状多孔体を提供する。
前記液体の通流が非循環式である場合は、
前記上限値Dは、
D=0.556×LN(T)+0.166
により与えられ、但し、関数LNは自然対数であり、
前記接触時間Tは、前記粒状多孔体の容積(m3)を前記液体の通流速度(m3/秒)で除した値で与えられ、
前記液体の通流が循環式である場合は、
前記上限値Dは、
D=0.0315×T+0.470
により与えられ、
前記接触時間Tは、前記液体の通流時間(秒)に、前記粒状多孔体の容積を前記液体の容積で除した容積比を乗じた値で与えられることが好ましい。
次に、接触方式が非循環式のカラム通流法の場合の上限値D1(mm)は、下記の数1に示す接触時間T(秒)を変数とする関係式で与えられる。関数LNは自然対数であり、Aiは反応対象iにおける係数で、Biは反応対象iにおける定数である。接触時間T(秒)は、空間速度SVの逆数を秒に換算した値であり、粒状多孔体の容積、つまり、カラム容積を、反応対象iを含む液体(溶液)の通流速度で除した値で与えられる。
D1=Ai×LN(T)+Bi
D1=0.411×LN(T)+0.137
D1=0.555×LN(T)+0.197
D1=0.545×LN(T)+0.145
D1=0.545×LN(T)+0.831
D1=0.198×LN(T)+0.270
D1=0.556×LN(T)+0.166
次に、接触方式が循環式のカラム通流法または振盪法の場合の粒径範囲の上限値D1(mm)は、下記の数8に示す接触時間T(秒)を変数とする1次式からなる関係式で与えられる。Ciは反応対象iにおける1次項の係数で、Diは反応対象iにおける定数項である。接触時間T(秒)は、循環式のカラム通流法の場合、液体の通流時間(秒)に、粒状多孔体の容積(カラム容積)を液体の容積で除した容積比Rを乗じた値で与えられ、振盪法の場合、液体中に粒状多孔体を添加してからの経過時間に上記容量比Rを乗じた値で与えられる。
D1=Ci×T+Di
D1=0.0315×T+0.470
以下に、本反応方法及び粒状多孔体の別実施形態につき説明する。
2: 骨格体
3: 貫通孔
4: 細孔
Claims (12)
- 反応対象を含む液体を粒状多孔体に接触させて反応させる反応方法であって、
前記反応対象が金属イオンであり、
前記粒状多孔体を充填してなるカラムに前記液体を通流させて前記粒状多孔体内に拡散させるカラム通流法、或いは、前記液体中に前記粒状多孔体を分散して添加し、前記液体及び前記粒状多孔体を振盪させて前記液体を前記粒状多孔体内に拡散させる振盪法を用い、
前記粒状多孔体が、3次元連続網目構造の無機化合物からなる骨格体を有し、更に、前記骨格体の間隙に形成された貫通孔と、前記骨格体の表面から内部に向けて延伸する前記表面に分散して形成された細孔からなる2段階階層的多孔構造を有し、
前記細孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径が、2nm以上20nm以下の範囲内にあり、
前記貫通孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径が、前記細孔の最頻孔径の5倍以上で、且つ、0.1μm以上50μm以下の範囲内にあり、
前記粒状多孔体の粒子径が、前記貫通孔の最頻孔径の2倍以上、且つ、20μm以上で、前記液体と前記粒状多孔体の接触時間T(秒)に依存して定まる上限値D(mm)以下の範囲内にあり、
前記上限値Dは、
前記液体中の前記反応対象の濃度を一定に維持して持続的に通流させる非循環式の前記カラム通流法では、
D=0.556×LN(T)+0.166
により与えられ、但し、関数LNは自然対数であり、
反応後の前記液体を前記カラムに戻して持続的に循環させる循環式の前記カラム通流法及び前記振盪法では、
D=0.0315×T+0.470
により与えられ、
前記接触時間T(秒)は、
非循環式の前記カラム通流法では、前記粒状多孔体の容積(m3)を前記液体の通流速度(m3/秒)で除した値で与えられ、
循環式の前記カラム通流法では、前記液体の通流時間(秒)に、前記粒状多孔体の容積を前記液体の容積で除した容積比を乗じた値で与えられ、
前記振盪法では、前記液体中に前記粒状多孔体を添加してからの経過時間(秒)に、前記容積比を乗じた値で与えられ、
前記粒状多孔体の表面に、前記金属イオンと親和性を有する官能基が化学修飾されており、
前記金属イオンが、前記官能基と錯形成反応を起こして前記粒状多孔体の表面に吸着することを特徴とする反応方法。 - 反応対象を含む液体を粒状多孔体に接触させて反応させる反応方法であって、
前記反応対象が金属イオンであり、
前記粒状多孔体を充填してなるカラムに前記液体を通流させて前記粒状多孔体内に拡散させるカラム通流法、或いは、前記液体中に前記粒状多孔体を分散して添加し、前記液体及び前記粒状多孔体を振盪させて前記液体を前記粒状多孔体内に拡散させる振盪法を用い、
前記粒状多孔体が、3次元連続網目構造の無機化合物からなる骨格体を有し、更に、前記骨格体の間隙に形成された貫通孔と、前記骨格体の表面から内部に向けて延伸する前記表面に分散して形成された細孔からなる2段階階層的多孔構造を有し、
前記細孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径が、2nm以上20nm以下の範囲内にあり、
前記貫通孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径が、前記細孔の最頻孔径の5倍以上で、且つ、0.1μm以上50μm以下の範囲内にあり、
前記粒状多孔体の粒子径が、前記貫通孔の最頻孔径の2倍以上、且つ、20μm以上で、前記液体と前記粒状多孔体の接触時間T(秒)に依存して定まる上限値D(mm)以下の範囲内にあり、
前記上限値Dは、
前記液体中の前記反応対象の濃度を一定に維持して持続的に通流させる非循環式の前記カラム通流法では、
D=0.556×LN(T)+0.166
により与えられ、但し、関数LNは自然対数であり、
反応後の前記液体を前記カラムに戻して持続的に循環させる循環式の前記カラム通流法及び前記振盪法では、
D=0.0315×T+0.470
により与えられ、
前記接触時間T(秒)は、
非循環式の前記カラム通流法では、前記粒状多孔体の容積(m3)を前記液体の通流速度(m3/秒)で除した値で与えられ、
循環式の前記カラム通流法では、前記液体の通流時間(秒)に、前記粒状多孔体の容積を前記液体の容積で除した容積比を乗じた値で与えられ、
前記振盪法では、前記液体中に前記粒状多孔体を添加してからの経過時間(秒)に、前記容積比を乗じた値で与えられ、
前記粒状多孔体の表面に、前記金属イオンと親和性を有する官能基が化学修飾されており、
前記官能基が、チオール基、カルボン酸基、アミン系官能基、及び、リン酸基、硫酸基、アンモニウム基、水酸基、ケト基、または、これらの置換基の複合体の何れかであることを特徴とする反応方法。 - 前記官能基が、チオール基、カルボン酸基、アミン系官能基、及び、リン酸基、硫酸基、アンモニウム基、水酸基、ケト基、または、これらの置換基の複合体の何れかであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の反応方法。
- 前記粒状多孔体が、ゾルゲル法にて作製された塊状多孔体を粉砕して粒状化したものであり、
前記塊状多孔体が、3次元連続網目構造の前記無機化合物からなる骨格体を有し、更に、前記骨格体の間隙に形成された貫通孔と、前記骨格体の表面から内部に向けて延伸する前記表面に分散して形成された細孔を有する少なくとも2段階階層的多孔構造を有し、
前記塊状多孔体の細孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径が、前記粒状多孔体の細孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径と同じ範囲内にあり、
前記塊状多孔体の貫通孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径が、前記粒状多孔体の貫通孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径と同じ範囲内にあることを特徴とする請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載の反応方法。 - 前記無機化合物がシリカまたはチタニアであることを特徴とする請求項1〜4の何れか1項に記載の反応方法。
- 金属イオンとの反応に使用される粒状多孔体であって、
3次元連続網目構造の無機化合物からなる骨格体を有し、更に、前記骨格体の間隙に形成された貫通孔と、前記骨格体の表面から内部に向けて延伸する前記表面に分散して形成された細孔からなる2段階階層的多孔構造を有し、
前記細孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径が、2nm以上20nm以下の範囲内にあり、
前記貫通孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径が、前記細孔の最頻孔径の5倍以上で、且つ、0.1μm以上50μm以下の範囲内にあり、
前記粒状多孔体の粒子径が、前記貫通孔の最頻孔径の2倍以上、且つ、20μm以上で、4mm以下の範囲内にあり、
前記粒状多孔体の表面に、前記金属イオンと親和性を有する官能基が化学修飾されており、前記官能基が、前記金属イオンと錯形成反応を起こして、前記金属イオンを前記粒状多孔体の表面に吸着させる機能を有することを特徴とする粒状多孔体。 - 金属イオンとの反応に使用される粒状多孔体であって、
3次元連続網目構造の無機化合物からなる骨格体を有し、更に、前記骨格体の間隙に形成された貫通孔と、前記骨格体の表面から内部に向けて延伸する前記表面に分散して形成された細孔からなる2段階階層的多孔構造を有し、
前記細孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径が、2nm以上20nm以下の範囲内にあり、
前記貫通孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径が、前記細孔の最頻孔径の5倍以上で、且つ、0.1μm以上50μm以下の範囲内にあり、
前記粒状多孔体の粒子径が、前記貫通孔の最頻孔径の2倍以上、且つ、20μm以上で、4mm以下の範囲内にあり、
前記粒状多孔体の表面に、前記金属イオンと親和性を有する官能基が化学修飾されており、前記官能基が、チオール基、カルボン酸基、アミン系官能基、及び、リン酸基、硫酸基、アンモニウム基、水酸基、ケト基、または、これらの置換基の複合体の何れかであることを特徴とする粒状多孔体。 - 前記官能基が、チオール基、カルボン酸基、アミン系官能基、及び、リン酸基、硫酸基、アンモニウム基、水酸基、ケト基、または、これらの置換基の複合体の何れかであることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の粒状多孔体。
- ゾルゲル法にて作製された塊状多孔体を粉砕して粒状化したものであり、
前記塊状多孔体が、3次元連続網目構造の前記無機化合物からなる骨格体を有し、更に、前記骨格体の間隙に形成された貫通孔と、前記骨格体の表面から内部に向けて延伸する前記表面に分散して形成された細孔を有する少なくとも2段階階層的多孔構造を有し、
前記塊状多孔体の細孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径が、前記粒状多孔体の細孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径と同じ範囲内にあり、
前記塊状多孔体の貫通孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径が、前記粒状多孔体の貫通孔の孔径分布の最頻孔径と同じ範囲内にあることを特徴とする請求項6〜8の何れか1項に記載の粒状多孔体。 - 前記無機化合物がシリカまたはチタニアであることを特徴とする請求項6〜9の何れか1項に記載の粒状多孔体。
- 金属イオンとの反応に使用されるカラムであって、
請求項6〜10の何れか1項に記載の粒状多孔体が、カラム容器内に充填されていることを特徴とするカラム。 - 前記粒状多孔体の粒子径が、前記金属イオンを含む液体と前記粒状多孔体の接触時間T(秒)に依存して定まる上限値D(mm)以下であり、
前記液体の通流が非循環式である場合は、
前記上限値Dは、
D=0.556×LN(T)+0.166
により与えられ、但し、関数LNは自然対数であり、
前記接触時間Tは、前記粒状多孔体の容積(m3)を前記液体の通流速度(m3/秒)で除した値で与えられ、
前記液体の通流が循環式である場合は、
前記上限値Dは、
D=0.0315×T+0.470
により与えられ、
前記接触時間Tは、前記液体の通流時間(秒)に、前記粒状多孔体の容積を前記液体の容積で除した容積比を乗じた値で与えられることを特徴とする請求項11に記載のカラム。
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EP1735087A1 (en) | 2004-03-31 | 2006-12-27 | Showa Denko Kabushiki Kaisha | Analytical pretreatment column |
CN1938080A (zh) * | 2004-03-31 | 2007-03-28 | 昭和电工株式会社 | 分析预处理柱 |
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WO2014034588A1 (ja) * | 2012-08-27 | 2014-03-06 | 信和化工株式会社 | 多孔質シリカ粉末 |
JP6261005B2 (ja) | 2012-11-30 | 2018-01-17 | 国立大学法人京都大学 | マクロ多孔性モノリスとその製造方法 |
JP2016070937A (ja) * | 2014-09-29 | 2016-05-09 | 株式会社エスエヌジー | 粒状多孔体、液体クロマトグラフィー用カラム、及び、粒状多孔体の製造方法 |
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