JP6453321B2 - スズをゲルマニウムでドープすることによりスズ表面及びスズめっき表面上でのスズウィスカの成長を軽減するための方法及び装置 - Google Patents
スズをゲルマニウムでドープすることによりスズ表面及びスズめっき表面上でのスズウィスカの成長を軽減するための方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6453321B2 JP6453321B2 JP2016523733A JP2016523733A JP6453321B2 JP 6453321 B2 JP6453321 B2 JP 6453321B2 JP 2016523733 A JP2016523733 A JP 2016523733A JP 2016523733 A JP2016523733 A JP 2016523733A JP 6453321 B2 JP6453321 B2 JP 6453321B2
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- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 131
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 129
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 127
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 49
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 46
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 36
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229940119177 germanium dioxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- OBBXFSIWZVFYJR-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(2+);sulfate Chemical compound [Sn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OBBXFSIWZVFYJR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000375 tin(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003637 basic solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002290 germanium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000009088 Fragaria x ananassa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000021012 strawberries Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 105
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000013504 Triton X-100 Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920004890 Triton X-100 Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910005793 GeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 germanium fluoroborate Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- JYCQQPHGFMYQCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-Octylphenol monoethoxylate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OCCO)C=C1 JYCQQPHGFMYQCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000270728 Alligator Species 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N L-aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003704 aspartic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-carboxyaspartic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)C(C(O)=O)C(O)=O OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AICMYQIGFPHNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-J methanesulfonate;tin(4+) Chemical compound [Sn+4].CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O AICMYQIGFPHNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenolphthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001432 tin ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N triton Chemical compound [3H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/30—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of tin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
- C25D3/60—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of tin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/54—Electroplating of non-metallic surfaces
- C25D5/56—Electroplating of non-metallic surfaces of plastics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/538—Roughness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12708—Sn-base component
- Y10T428/12715—Next to Group IB metal-base component
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
Description
Claims (18)
- ある量のゲルマニウム含有化合物及び水溶性のスズ含有化合物並びに錯化剤を含む溶液を調製するステップと、
陽極電極を前記溶液に浸すステップと、
陰極基板を前記溶液に浸すステップであって、前記陰極基板は陰極基板表面を含む、浸すステップと、
前記陽極電極及び前記陰極基板を、電流を供給可能な電源に接続するステップと、
前記電流を前記陽極電極、前記陰極基板及び前記溶液に供給するために、前記電源を作動させるステップと、
ある量のゲルマニウム及びスズを前記陰極基板表面上に共析出するステップと
を含み、前記ゲルマニウム及びスズは、前記基板表面上に0.5重量%から5重量%までのゲルマニウムの濃度で共析出される、基板表面上でのスズウィスカの成長を軽減するための方法。 - 前記ゲルマニウム及びスズは、前記基板表面上に1ミクロンから10ミクロンまでの厚さに共析出される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ゲルマニウム含有化合物は、水溶性のゲルマニウム塩を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ゲルマニウム含有化合物は、塩基性溶液中で可溶化する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ゲルマニウム含有化合物は、水酸化ナトリウム溶液中で可溶化する二酸化ゲルマニウムである、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記スズ含有化合物は、水溶性のスズ塩として前記溶液に加えられる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記スズ含有化合物は、硫酸スズ(II)である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 0.5重量%から5重量%までのゲルマニウムの共析出量と、95重量%から99.5重量%までのスズの共析出量と
を含む、基板表面上でのスズウィスカの成長を軽減するための電気めっきコーティング。 - 前記ゲルマニウム及びスズは、前記基板表面上に1ミクロンから10ミクロンまでの厚さに共析出される、請求項8に記載のコーティング。
- 請求項8又は9に記載のコーティングを含む電子部品。
- ゲルマニウム含有溶液を生成するために、ある量の二酸化ゲルマニウムを水酸化ナトリウム含有溶液に溶解させるステップと、
ある量の水を前記ゲルマニウム含有溶液に加えるステップと、
ある量のd,l−酒石酸を前記ゲルマニウム含有溶液に加えるステップと、
スズ及びゲルマニウム含有溶液を生成するために、ある量の硫酸スズ(II)を前記ゲルマニウム含有溶液に溶解させるステップと、
スズ含有陽極電極を前記スズ及びゲルマニウム含有溶液に浸すステップと、
陰極基板を前記スズ及びゲルマニウム含有溶液に浸すステップであって、前記陰極基板は陰極基板表面を含む、浸すステップと、
電源を前記陽極電極及び前記陰極基板に接続するステップと、
電流を前記陽極電極及び前記陰極基板に供給するために、前記電源を作動させるステップと、
ある量のゲルマニウム及びスズを前記陰極基板表面上に共析出するステップと
を含み、前記ゲルマニウム及びスズは、前記基板表面上に0.5重量%から5重量%までのゲルマニウムの濃度で共析出される、基板表面上でのスズウィスカの成長を軽減するための方法。 - ある量の界面活性剤を前記ゲルマニウム含有溶液に加えるステップを更に含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- ゲルマニウム含有溶液を作るために、ある量のゲルマニウム含有化合物を溶解させるステップと、
ある量の水を前記ゲルマニウム含有溶液に加えるステップと、
ある量の錯化剤を前記ゲルマニウム含有溶液に加えるステップと、
ある量の水溶性のスズ含有化合物を前記ゲルマニウム含有溶液に溶解させるステップと
を含み、
ある量のゲルマニウム及びスズを陰極基板表面上に共析出するとき、前記ゲルマニウム及びスズは、前記基板表面上に0.5重量%から5重量%までのゲルマニウムの濃度で共析出される、電気めっき漕を作るための方法。 - 前記ゲルマニウム含有化合物は、塩基性溶液に溶解するゲルマニウム含有化合物、水溶性のゲルマニウム塩、及びそれらの組み合わせから成るグループから選択される、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記ゲルマニウム含有化合物は、水酸化ナトリウム溶液中で可溶化する二酸化ゲルマニウムである、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記錯化剤は、d,l−酒石酸である、請求項13に記載の方法。
- ある量の界面活性剤を前記ゲルマニウム含有溶液に加えるステップを更に含む、請求項13から16のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記スズ含有化合物は、硫酸スズ(II)を含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/935,768 US10633754B2 (en) | 2013-07-05 | 2013-07-05 | Methods and apparatuses for mitigating tin whisker growth on tin and tin-plated surfaces by doping tin with germanium |
US13/935,768 | 2013-07-05 | ||
PCT/US2014/035815 WO2015002690A1 (en) | 2013-07-05 | 2014-04-29 | Methods and apparatuses for mitigating tin whisker growth on tin and tin-plated surfaces by doping tin with germanium |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2016529395A JP2016529395A (ja) | 2016-09-23 |
JP2016529395A5 JP2016529395A5 (ja) | 2017-06-15 |
JP6453321B2 true JP6453321B2 (ja) | 2019-01-16 |
Family
ID=50819983
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2016523733A Active JP6453321B2 (ja) | 2013-07-05 | 2014-04-29 | スズをゲルマニウムでドープすることによりスズ表面及びスズめっき表面上でのスズウィスカの成長を軽減するための方法及び装置 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US10633754B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3017091B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6453321B2 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN105392927A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2015002690A1 (ja) |
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WO2020045367A1 (ja) * | 2018-08-28 | 2020-03-05 | 学校法人工学院大学 | 金属膜形成用組成物の製造方法、金属膜の製造方法、金属膜、金属膜積層体及び金属膜形成用組成物の製造装置 |
CN109158712B (zh) * | 2018-09-27 | 2024-04-23 | 格林美(武汉)城市矿产循环产业园开发有限公司 | 一种双轴调节螺纹环镀修复装置 |
CN114561633B (zh) * | 2022-02-23 | 2023-11-14 | 吉安宏达秋科技有限公司 | 镀锡液及其制备方法和用于印制线路板的镀锡方法 |
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CN105392927A (zh) | 2016-03-09 |
US11505874B2 (en) | 2022-11-22 |
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