JP6289385B2 - 熱可塑性ポリウレタン、熱可塑性ポリウレタンの製造方法、熱可塑性ポリウレタンを使用する方法、難燃剤の使用方法 - Google Patents
熱可塑性ポリウレタン、熱可塑性ポリウレタンの製造方法、熱可塑性ポリウレタンを使用する方法、難燃剤の使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6289385B2 JP6289385B2 JP2014561413A JP2014561413A JP6289385B2 JP 6289385 B2 JP6289385 B2 JP 6289385B2 JP 2014561413 A JP2014561413 A JP 2014561413A JP 2014561413 A JP2014561413 A JP 2014561413A JP 6289385 B2 JP6289385 B2 JP 6289385B2
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- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims description 84
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 67
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 title claims description 63
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 53
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 53
- 229910052615 phyllosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 claims description 24
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic acid Chemical compound O[PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- AFUWHLXUBJOPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[SiH3] Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[SiH3] AFUWHLXUBJOPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 30
- -1 Organosilane compound Chemical class 0.000 description 21
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 17
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 16
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- OWICEWMBIBPFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-diphenoxyphosphoryloxyphenyl) diphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=C(OP(=O)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)OC=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 OWICEWMBIBPFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920000909 polytetrahydrofuran Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 6
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylmorpholine Chemical compound CN1CCOCC1 SJRJJKPEHAURKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002895 organic esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical class [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XMNDMAQKWSQVOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylphenyl) diphenyl phosphate Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XMNDMAQKWSQVOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RXYPXQSKLGGKOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dimethylpiperazine Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)CC1 RXYPXQSKLGGKOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O.O.O.[Al] Chemical compound O.O.O.[Al] MXRIRQGCELJRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001621 bismuth Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001411 inorganic cation Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 2
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002892 organic cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphinate Chemical class [O-][PH2]=O ACVYVLVWPXVTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
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- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- GSJBKPNSLRKRNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N $l^{2}-stannanylidenetin Chemical compound [Sn].[Sn] GSJBKPNSLRKRNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVCUKHQDEZNNOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane Chemical compound C1CC2CCN1NC2 QVCUKHQDEZNNOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTZUIIAIAKMWLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diisocyanatobenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=CC=C1N=C=O MTZUIIAIAKMWLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSCLFFBWRKTMTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane Chemical compound O=C=NCC1CCCC(CN=C=O)C1 XSCLFFBWRKTMTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDMDQYCEEKCBGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatocyclohexane Chemical compound O=C=NC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1 CDMDQYCEEKCBGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUPKOUOXSNGVLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,8-diisocyanatooctane Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCCCN=C=O QUPKOUOXSNGVLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSAANLSYLSUVHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]ethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCOCCO YSAANLSYLSUVHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1CCCCC1 SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KAEIHZNNPOMFSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=C=O.N=C=O.C=1C=CC=CC=1CCC1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.C=1C=CC=CC=1CCC1=CC=CC=C1 KAEIHZNNPOMFSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CJXGDWDDLMZNBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N P(O)(O)=O.P(O)(O)O Chemical compound P(O)(O)=O.P(O)(O)O CJXGDWDDLMZNBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical class CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QLZHNIAADXEJJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QLZHNIAADXEJJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=C(CN)C=C1 ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQPNUOYXSVUVMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-[2-(4-diphenoxyphosphoryloxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenyl] diphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=C(OP(=O)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)OC=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C=C1)=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 BQPNUOYXSVUVMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LXXVRAOHTIEOQW-UHFFFAOYSA-K [Bi+3].CC(C)(C)CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CC(C)(C)CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CC(C)(C)CCCCCCCC([O-])=O Chemical compound [Bi+3].CC(C)(C)CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CC(C)(C)CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CC(C)(C)CCCCCCCC([O-])=O LXXVRAOHTIEOQW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001334 alicyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSAOTYCWGCRGCP-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;diethylphosphinate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC XSAOTYCWGCRGCP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007860 aryl ester derivatives Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NUMHJBONQMZPBW-UHFFFAOYSA-K bis(2-ethylhexanoyloxy)bismuthanyl 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Bi+3].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O NUMHJBONQMZPBW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FNYKAWJEEWSNEH-UHFFFAOYSA-K bismuth;3,3,5,5-tetramethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Bi+3].CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)CC([O-])=O.CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)CC([O-])=O.CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)CC([O-])=O FNYKAWJEEWSNEH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFUNZTPNRBID-UHFFFAOYSA-K bismuth;octanoate Chemical compound [Bi+3].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O ZZUFUNZTPNRBID-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VNSBYDPZHCQWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;aluminum;dioxido(oxo)silane;sodium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na].[Al].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O VNSBYDPZHCQWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosilane Chemical compound Cl[SiH3] KOPOQZFJUQMUML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNOXNTGLSKTMQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L diacetyloxytin Chemical compound CC(=O)O[Sn]OC(C)=O PNOXNTGLSKTMQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- PYBNTRWJKQJDRE-UHFFFAOYSA-L dodecanoate;tin(2+) Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O PYBNTRWJKQJDRE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
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- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- AMWUFXLSROXQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);pentane-2,4-dione Chemical compound [Fe+3].CC(=O)CC(C)=O AMWUFXLSROXQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYPPCCJJKNISFK-UHFFFAOYSA-J kaolinite Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])=O CYPPCCJJKNISFK-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001282 organosilanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004817 pentamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920001627 poly(4-methyl styrene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000275 saponite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000012974 tin catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000005691 triesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;diethylphosphinate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCP([O-])(=O)CC.CCP([O-])(=O)CC DXZMANYCMVCPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
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- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
- C08K3/016—Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
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- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/53—Phosphorus bound to oxygen bound to oxygen and to carbon only
- C08K5/5313—Phosphinic compounds, e.g. R2=P(:O)OR'
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- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/53—Phosphorus bound to oxygen bound to oxygen and to carbon only
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Description
本発明で使用される金属水酸化物は、好ましくは、マグネシウム、カルシウム、亜鉛及び/又はアルミニウムの複水酸化物(double hydroxide)又は水酸化物である。金属水酸化物の利点は、燃焼時に、もっぱら水を放出し、そのため、いかなる毒性又は腐食性煙生成物も生成しないことである。さらに、前記水酸化物は、燃焼時に煙密度を減少させる能力がある。しかし、前記物質の不都合な点は、それらが、第1に、熱可塑性ポリウレタンの加水分解を促進し、第二に、ポリウレタンの酸化老化に悪影響をも持つということである。
本発明では、少なくとも金属水酸化物の表面をある程度囲む被覆が存在する。これに関する他の表現は「少なくとも一部(ある程度、some extent)が被覆」である。被覆は、多用される表現「表面処理」と等しい。被覆は、金属水酸化物に上に、インターロック効果(interlock effect)により若しくはファンデルワールス力により純粋に物理的に接着し、又は、金属水酸化物に対する化学的結合を有する。これは、主に、共有結合の相互作用によりなされる。
金属水酸化物(好ましくは水酸化アルミニウム)の周囲に被覆を形成する他の好ましい物質は、下記構造を持つオルガノシラン化合物である。
(nは1、2又は3である)
一実施形態では、熱可塑性ポリウレタンは、少なくとも1種のリン含有難燃剤を含有する。
R1は、非置換若しくは置換アルキル、シクロアルキル又はフェニル基であり、2つの部位R1は互いに環状結合を持つことも可能であり、そして、
R2は、非置換又は置換アルキル、シクロアルキル又はフェニル部位である。
フィロシリケートは、層状シリケートとも称する。2層鉱物としては、特に、カリオナイトと蛇紋岩(serpentine)、3層鉱物としては、特にモンモリロナイト、そしてまたマイカ(micas)がある。粘度鉱物も重要なフィロシリケートであって、ベントナイトが好ましく使用される。
ハイドロタルサイトは、フィロシリケートの代わりに、及び/又は、それとの混合物中で使用される。ハイドロタルサイトもまた、層構造を持つ。用語ハイドロタルサイトも、コンバライナイト(comblainite)、デゾーテルス石(desautelsite)、パイロオーロ石(pyroaurite)、リーブス石(reevesite)、セルギーバイト(sergeevite)、スチヒ石(stichtite)及びタコバイト(takovite)をも包含する。ある好ましいハイドロタルサイトは、アルミニウム及びマグネシウムを主とし、介在層(中間層、intervening layer)中で、水酸化物、硝酸及び/又は炭酸イオンで中性化されたものである。好ましいハイドロタルサイトは、下記分子式を持つ。
熱可塑性ポリウレタンは、長期に亘って公知であった。それらは、成分:(a)イソシアネートと、(b)イソシアネートに対し反応性で、数平均モル質量が0.5×103g/mol以上0.1×106g/mol以下の化合物と、任意に、(c)モル質量が0.05×103g/mol以上0.499×103g/mol以下の鎖延長剤とを、任意に少なくとも1種の(d)触媒及び/又は(e)通常の助剤及び/又は添加剤の存在下で反応させ、製造される。製造工程は、下記明細書に見出すことができる:EP0922552、DE10103424、WO2006/072461。
Elastollan 1185A10:49448 レムフェルデ エラストグランシュトラッセ 60、BASFポリウレタン社製の、ポリテトラヒドロフラン(PTHF)1000、1,4−ブタンジオール及びMDIを原料とするTPU(ショア硬度85A)
酸化老化耐性を評価するため、テスト標本を熱対流炉内で113℃7日間及び121℃7日間老化させた後に、機械的パラメーターを測定する。下記表2、3は、その結果を集めたものである。
下記表は、既に述べた個別出発材料の質量%の組成を示す。各場合で、混合物は、ZE40A二軸押出機中で製造した。この二軸押出機は、Berstorff社製で、スクリュー長さが35D、10個の胴部に分割されている。次いで、混合物を、Arenz単軸押出機を用いて押し出した。この単軸押出機は、厚さ1.6mmの箔を生成する、混合部(スクリュー比1:3)を備えた3ゾーンスクリューを備えている。
難燃性の熱可塑性ポリウレタン(TPU)が、更なる材料として、少なくとも部分的に被覆された金属水酸化物、少なくとも1種のホスフェート含有難燃剤及び少なくとも1種のフィロシリケート及び/又はハイドロタルサイトとを少なくとも含む実験3の本発明実施形態の非常に良好な難燃性を示すために、同様に実験6との比較を行った。実験6の組成を下記表4に示す。
Claims (18)
- i)少なくとも1種のジイソシアネートと、イソシアネートに対し反応性の少なくとも1種の物質とを原料とする熱可塑性ポリウレタン、及び更に、
ii)少なくとも1種の難燃剤、
を含む難燃性の熱可塑性ポリウレタン組成物であって、
1種の難燃剤が、少なくとも一部が被覆で覆われた金属水酸化物としての水酸化アルミニウムであり、
更なる難燃剤として、リン酸、ホスホン酸及び/又はホスフィン酸の誘導体である少なくとも1種のリン含有難燃剤を含み、
更に、ハイドロタルサイト及び/又はフィロシリケートを含み、及び
前記被覆は、ヘキサデシルシランを原料とすることを特徴とするポリウレタン組成物。 - 前記熱可塑性ポリウレタンが、更に、少なくとも1種の鎖延長剤と、少なくとも1種の触媒とを原料とすることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のポリウレタン組成物。
- 更に、添加剤及び/又は助剤を含むことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のポリウレタン組成物。
- 前記リン含有難燃剤が21℃で液体である請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載のポリウレタン組成物。
- 前記金属水酸化物の比表面積が、前記被覆の無い状態で2m2/g以上9m2/g以下である請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のポリウレタン組成物。
- 被覆で少なくとも一部が覆われた金属水酸化物の合計質量に基いて50質量%を越える、前記少なくとも1部が被覆で覆われた金属水酸化物の最大寸法が、10μm未満である請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のポリウレタン組成物。
- 前記フィロシリケートが、有機層間フィロシリケート又は有機層間ハイドロタルサイトである請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載のポリウレタン組成物。
- 前記ポリウレタン組成物中の、全難燃剤と、フィロシリケート及び/又はハイドロタルサイトとの質量割合(質量%)の合計は、10質量%以上80質量%以下であり、当該質量割合の値は、少なくとも1種のジイソシアネートと、イソシアネートに対し反応性の少なくとも1種の物質との合計質量に対するものである請求項1に記載のポリウレタン組成物。
- 前記ポリウレタン組成物中の、全難燃剤と、フィロシリケート及び/又はハイドロタルサイトとの質量割合(質量%)の合計は、10質量%以上80質量%以下であり、当該質量割合の値は、少なくとも1種のジイソシアネートと、イソシアネートに対し反応性の少なくとも1種の物質と、少なくとも1種の鎖延長剤と、少なくとも1種の触媒との合計質量に対するものである請求項2及び請求項2を引用する請求項3〜7のいずれか1項に記載のポリウレタン組成物。
- リン含有難燃剤:金属水酸化物:フィロシリケート及び/又はハイドロタルサイトの質量比は、9:34:5である請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載のポリウレタン組成物。
- イソシアネートに対し反応性の物質の数平均モル質量は、500g/mol以上6×103g/mol以下である請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載のポリウレタン組成物。
- イソシアネートに対し反応性の物質は、ポリエーテルポリオールである請求項11に記載のポリウレタン組成物。
- ケーブル外装を製造するために、請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載のポリウレタン組成物を使用する方法。
- 少なくとも1種のジイソシアネートと、イソシアネートに対し反応性の少なくとも1種の物質の混合物を原料とし、少なくとも1種の難燃剤を含有する熱可塑性ポリウレタン組成物の製造方法であって、
第1の工程で、少なくとも1種のジイソシアネートと、イソシアネートに対し反応性の少なくとも1種の物質との混合物を原料とする熱可塑性ポリウレタンを製造し、
少なくとも1の更なる工程で、当該熱可塑性ポリウレタンに対し、少なくとも一部が被覆で覆われた金属水酸化物である少なくとも1種の難燃剤を添加し、更に、リン酸、ホスホン酸及び/又はホスフィン酸の誘導体である少なくとも1種のリン含有難燃剤を添加し、加えて、ハイドロタルサイト及び/又はフィロシリケートを添加することを含み、
前記金属水酸化物が水酸化アルミニウムであり、
前記被覆は、ヘキサデシルシランを原料とする、ことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記熱可塑性ポリウレタン組成物の原料としての前記混合物が更に、少なくとも1種の鎖延長剤と、少なくとも1種の触媒とを含むことを特徴とする請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記熱可塑性ポリウレタン組成物が更に、添加剤及び/又は助剤を含むことを特徴とする請求項14又は15に記載の方法。
- 前記リン含有難燃剤が、21℃で液体である請求項14〜16の何れか1項に記載のポリウレタン組成物の製造方法。
- 難燃剤である、少なくとも一部が被覆で覆われた少なくとも1種の金属水酸化物と、リン酸、ホスホン酸及び/又はホスフィン酸の誘導体である少なくとも1種のリン含有難燃剤と、更に、ハイドロタルサイト及び/又はフィロシリケートとの混合物を、ポリウレタン中で使用する方法であって、
前記金属水酸化物が水酸化アルミニウムであり、
前記被覆は、ヘキサデシルシランを原料とする、ことを特徴とする方法。
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