JP6254687B2 - 高さ調整デバイスを備える自動車用のサスペンション・ストラット - Google Patents
高さ調整デバイスを備える自動車用のサスペンション・ストラット Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6254687B2 JP6254687B2 JP2016515430A JP2016515430A JP6254687B2 JP 6254687 B2 JP6254687 B2 JP 6254687B2 JP 2016515430 A JP2016515430 A JP 2016515430A JP 2016515430 A JP2016515430 A JP 2016515430A JP 6254687 B2 JP6254687 B2 JP 6254687B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- damper
- cylinder
- piston
- spring
- adjustment device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
- B60G17/06—Characteristics of dampers, e.g. mechanical dampers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
- B60G17/02—Spring characteristics, e.g. mechanical springs and mechanical adjusting means
- B60G17/021—Spring characteristics, e.g. mechanical springs and mechanical adjusting means the mechanical spring being a coil spring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
- B60G11/14—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having helical, spiral or coil springs only
- B60G11/15—Coil springs resisting deflection by winding up
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
- B60G11/14—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having helical, spiral or coil springs only
- B60G11/16—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having helical, spiral or coil springs only characterised by means specially adapted for attaching the spring to axle or sprung part of the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G15/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type
- B60G15/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring
- B60G15/06—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper
- B60G15/062—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper the spring being arranged around the damper
- B60G15/063—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper the spring being arranged around the damper characterised by the mounting of the spring on the damper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G15/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type
- B60G15/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring
- B60G15/06—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper
- B60G15/067—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper characterised by the mounting on the vehicle body or chassis of the spring and damper unit
- B60G15/068—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper characterised by the mounting on the vehicle body or chassis of the spring and damper unit specially adapted for MacPherson strut-type suspension
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
- B60G17/02—Spring characteristics, e.g. mechanical springs and mechanical adjusting means
- B60G17/027—Mechanical springs regulated by fluid means
- B60G17/0272—Mechanical springs regulated by fluid means the mechanical spring being a coil spring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
- B60G2202/30—Spring/Damper and/or actuator Units
- B60G2202/31—Spring/Damper and/or actuator Units with the spring arranged around the damper, e.g. MacPherson strut
- B60G2202/312—The spring being a wound spring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
- B60G2204/12—Mounting of springs or dampers
- B60G2204/124—Mounting of coil springs
- B60G2204/1242—Mounting of coil springs on a damper, e.g. MacPerson strut
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
- B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
- B60G2206/40—Constructional features of dampers and/or springs
- B60G2206/41—Dampers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2500/00—Indexing codes relating to the regulated action or device
- B60G2500/30—Height or ground clearance
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
Description
Claims (5)
- 長手方向軸線(z)を有するダンパ(12)と、前記ダンパ(12)と同軸に延在しているばね部材(14)と、前記ばね部材(14)がその底部において載置されたボトム・スプリング・プレート(22)と、地面からの車両の高さを調整するための車両高さ調整デバイス(26)とを備える、車両サスペンションのためのダンパ・ばねユニット(10)であって、
前記ダンパ(12)が、前記サスペンションのホイール・キャリアに強固に接続されるように適合されたダンパ・シリンダ(16)と、前記ダンパ・シリンダ(16)を基準として前記長手方向軸線(z)に沿って摺動可能であるダンパ・ロッド(18)とを有し、
前記調整デバイス(26)が、前記ダンパ・シリンダ(16)を基準として前記長手方向軸線(z)に沿って前記ボトム・スプリング・プレート(22)の線形位置、従って前記ばね部材(14)の底端部の線形位置を制御して変更するために、前記ダンパ・シリンダ(16)と前記ばね部材(14)との間に挿置され、
また前記調整デバイス(26)が、前記ダンパ・シリンダ(16)に対して強固に固定されるシリンダ(28)と、地面からの車両の最小高さに対応する底部側の動程の端の位置と地面からの車両の最大高さに対応する頂部側の動程の端の位置との間で前記ダンパ(12)の前記長手方向軸線(z)に沿って前記ボトム・スプリング・プレート(22)と共に移動するように駆動可能に接続されるように前記ボトム・スプリング・プレート(22)に接続されたピストン(30)とを備える液圧リニア・アクチュエータ、として作られ、
前記調整デバイス(26)の前記ピストン(30)が、前記長手方向軸線(z)の方向において少なくとも部分的に前記ばね部材(14)内に配置され、
前記調整デバイス(26)が、前記ダンパ・ロッド(18)上に設置された前記ダンパ(12)の緩衝装置(56)のための当接面を提供するために、前記調整デバイス(26)の前記ピストン(30)上に設置されたキャップ(54)をさらに備える、
ダンパ・ばねユニット(10)。 - 前記調整デバイス(26)の前記シリンダ(28)が、前記ダンパ・シリンダ(16)の頂端部分の周りに配置され、環状形状の圧力チャンバ(36)を囲むように互いに同軸に配置された内側円筒形要素(32)及び外側円筒形要素(34)を備える環状シリンダとして作られ、前記調整デバイス(26)の前記ピストン(30)が、環状ピストンとして作られ、底部側の動程の端の位置と頂部側の動程の端の位置との間で前記圧力チャンバ(36)内に摺動可能に配置されている、請求項1に記載のダンパ・ばねユニット。
- 前記調整デバイス(26)の前記シリンダ(28)の前記内側円筒形要素(32)が、前記長手方向軸線(z)の周りで共に回転するように駆動可能に接続されるために、前記ダンパ・シリンダ(16)に対して固定される、請求項2に記載のダンパ・ばねユニット。
- 前記調整デバイス(26)が、前記調整デバイス(26)の前記ピストン(30)と同軸に配置され、前記ピストン(30)より大きい軸線方向のサイズを有する接続部材(52)をさらに備え、それにより、前記ピストン(30)が、前記接続部材(52)の容積内に完全に配置され、前記接続部材(52)が、一方側において前記ピストン(30)に接続され、もう一方側で前記ボトム・スプリング・プレート(22)に接続されて、前記ピストン(30)及び前記ボトム・スプリング・プレート(22)が前記長手方向(z)に沿って互いに共に移動するように駆動可能に接続されている、請求項2又は請求項3に記載のダンパ・ばねユニット。
- 前記調整デバイス(26)の前記接続部材(52)が、逆さのカップ形状を有する、請求項4に記載のダンパ・ばねユニット。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13184830.1 | 2013-09-17 | ||
EP13184830 | 2013-09-17 | ||
PCT/EP2014/069829 WO2015040078A1 (en) | 2013-09-17 | 2014-09-17 | Suspension strut for a motor vehicle with a height-adjustment device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2016530142A JP2016530142A (ja) | 2016-09-29 |
JP6254687B2 true JP6254687B2 (ja) | 2017-12-27 |
Family
ID=51570505
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2016515430A Expired - Fee Related JP6254687B2 (ja) | 2013-09-17 | 2014-09-17 | 高さ調整デバイスを備える自動車用のサスペンション・ストラット |
JP2017004360U Active JP3214638U (ja) | 2013-09-17 | 2017-09-22 | 高さ調整デバイスを備える自動車用のサスペンション・ストラット |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2017004360U Active JP3214638U (ja) | 2013-09-17 | 2017-09-22 | 高さ調整デバイスを備える自動車用のサスペンション・ストラット |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9834059B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3046783B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP6254687B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101756080B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105555559A (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112016005722B1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2015040078A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102015214161B4 (de) * | 2015-07-27 | 2019-04-18 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Einrichtung zur Niveauverstellung für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
ITUA20163740A1 (it) * | 2016-05-24 | 2017-11-24 | Sistemi Sospensioni Spa | Sospensione per veicolo con ammortizzatore idraulico rigenerativo e con sistema di regolazione dell'assetto del veicolo. |
US10214071B1 (en) | 2016-05-28 | 2019-02-26 | PAL Suspension LLC | Vehicle suspension system with multi-stage hydraulic cylinder assemblies and external spring packs |
FR3060465B1 (fr) * | 2016-12-21 | 2019-08-23 | Renault S.A.S | Systeme de suspension et d'amortissement adapte pour le reglage de garde au sol d'un vehicule automobile |
US10065472B2 (en) * | 2017-01-10 | 2018-09-04 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Dual bearing strut assemblies and vehicle suspension systems with dual bearing strut assemblies |
KR102497032B1 (ko) | 2018-04-12 | 2023-02-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 차고 조절 장치 |
DE102018206605A1 (de) * | 2018-04-27 | 2019-10-31 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Fahrzeug-Radaufhängung mit einer Tragfeder und einem mit dieser in Reihe schaltbaren Zusatz-Federelement |
DE102018119086B4 (de) * | 2018-08-06 | 2023-06-15 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Federbein und Fahrzeug |
KR102635917B1 (ko) * | 2018-08-29 | 2024-02-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 서스펜션용 차고조절장치 |
RU2705604C1 (ru) * | 2019-02-12 | 2019-11-11 | Алексей Васильевич Гаврилов | Пружинная подвеска с регулируемым дорожным просветом |
US10737545B1 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2020-08-11 | PAL Suspension LLC | Vehicle suspension system with multi-stage hydraulic cylinder assemblies and external spring packs |
US11639081B2 (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2023-05-02 | Ferrari S.P.A. | Device and apparatus for the height adjustment of a road vehicle and relative road vehicle |
USD948387S1 (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2022-04-12 | Quzhou Longding Auto Parts Co., Ltd. | Shock absorber |
CN112606650B (zh) * | 2020-12-08 | 2023-04-21 | 常州姆驰机电有限公司 | 基于电动马达的双轮悬挂结构控制平台 |
CN112727984B (zh) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-11-08 | 临海市鹿城机车部件有限公司 | 车辆减震装置 |
KR20220150218A (ko) | 2021-05-03 | 2022-11-10 | 김영희 | 유니버살 액츄에이터 |
CN113978595B (zh) * | 2021-11-01 | 2023-08-25 | 江门速龙机车制造有限公司 | 一种减震型车辆支架 |
Family Cites Families (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3150867A (en) * | 1962-07-13 | 1964-09-29 | Gilbert H Droegkamp | Combination shock absorber and selflevelling device |
US3628810A (en) * | 1970-07-29 | 1971-12-21 | Ford Motor Co | Level adjustment for motor vehicles |
JPS58112609U (ja) * | 1981-12-09 | 1983-08-01 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 車高調整装置 |
JPS5972106U (ja) * | 1982-11-08 | 1984-05-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車高調整装置 |
FR2611628B1 (fr) * | 1987-02-26 | 1990-11-30 | Bendix France | Correcteur de freinage asservi a la charge d'un vehicule |
JP2911556B2 (ja) * | 1990-07-09 | 1999-06-23 | 株式会社ショーワ | 車高調整用ジャッキユニットを備えた車両用油圧緩衝器 |
DE4231641C2 (de) * | 1992-09-22 | 1996-12-12 | Daimler Benz Ag | Federbein für Federungssysteme von Kraftfahrzeugen |
US5961106A (en) * | 1998-06-08 | 1999-10-05 | Shaffer; Theodore E. | Vehicle shock absorber assembly having height adjustment |
DE10227713B3 (de) * | 2002-06-21 | 2004-02-19 | Zf Sachs Ag | Federbein mit höheneinstellbarem Federteller |
DE10256407B3 (de) * | 2002-12-02 | 2004-04-29 | Zf Sachs Ag | Federbein mit höheneinstellbarem Federteller |
DE10301546B3 (de) * | 2003-01-16 | 2004-05-06 | Zf Sachs Ag | Federbein mit höhenverstellbarem Federteller |
DE102004032083B4 (de) * | 2004-07-02 | 2007-05-31 | Audi Ag | Feder- und Dämpfungsvorrichtung für Radaufhängungen |
DE102007015888A1 (de) * | 2007-04-02 | 2008-10-09 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Federanordnung mit verstellbarer Federrate und Federbein |
DE102007059140B4 (de) * | 2007-12-07 | 2010-11-11 | Audi Ag | Höhenverstellung an einer Radaufhängung für Kraftfahrzeuge |
ITTO20100695A1 (it) | 2010-08-13 | 2012-02-14 | Sistemi Sospensioni Spa | Sospensione per veicolo comprendente un dispositivo di regolazione dell'altezza del corpo del veicolo da terra |
ITTO20110434A1 (it) | 2011-05-16 | 2012-11-17 | Sistemi Sospensioni Spa | Sospensione macpherson per veicolo comprendente un dispositivo per regolare l'altezza del corpo del veicolo da terra |
CN102910046B (zh) * | 2011-08-04 | 2016-08-10 | 福特全球技术公司 | 调节车辆车身高度的装置 |
US9108484B2 (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2015-08-18 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Recuperating passive and active suspension |
US9162548B1 (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2015-10-20 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Vehicle and a suspension assembly for a vehicle |
US9834058B2 (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2017-12-05 | Sistemi Sospensioni S.P.A. | Linear actuator for adjusting the vertical position of a spring of a damper and spring unit for a vehicle suspension and damper and spring unit for a vehicle suspension comprising such an actuator |
-
2014
- 2014-09-17 BR BR112016005722-8A patent/BR112016005722B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2014-09-17 WO PCT/EP2014/069829 patent/WO2015040078A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-09-17 KR KR1020167010108A patent/KR101756080B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2014-09-17 JP JP2016515430A patent/JP6254687B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-09-17 EP EP14766991.5A patent/EP3046783B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2014-09-17 US US15/022,488 patent/US9834059B2/en active Active
- 2014-09-17 CN CN201480051138.2A patent/CN105555559A/zh active Pending
-
2017
- 2017-09-22 JP JP2017004360U patent/JP3214638U/ja active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20160229253A1 (en) | 2016-08-11 |
BR112016005722A2 (ja) | 2017-08-01 |
KR101756080B1 (ko) | 2017-07-10 |
EP3046783A1 (en) | 2016-07-27 |
EP3046783B1 (en) | 2019-04-17 |
JP2016530142A (ja) | 2016-09-29 |
BR112016005722B1 (pt) | 2022-08-09 |
WO2015040078A8 (en) | 2015-06-11 |
US9834059B2 (en) | 2017-12-05 |
KR20160049033A (ko) | 2016-05-04 |
CN105555559A (zh) | 2016-05-04 |
WO2015040078A1 (en) | 2015-03-26 |
JP3214638U (ja) | 2018-02-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP3214638U (ja) | 高さ調整デバイスを備える自動車用のサスペンション・ストラット | |
US20050199457A1 (en) | Spring strut unit for suspension systems of motor vehicles | |
US9340252B2 (en) | Suspension device | |
EP2891818B1 (en) | Shock absorber | |
US3430977A (en) | Hydropneumatic suspension devices | |
US9488243B2 (en) | Damper with a vehicle height adjusting function | |
US8967601B2 (en) | Damper | |
CN104482096A (zh) | 可调储气筒式单缸减震器 | |
EP2857714B1 (en) | Suspension device | |
JP6764865B2 (ja) | 自動車の最低地上高を調節する油圧デバイスおよびかかるデバイスを備える懸架減衰装置 | |
US10272731B2 (en) | Reservoir for airspring applications | |
CN106536965B (zh) | 减震器 | |
KR20150125297A (ko) | 감쇠력 가변식 쇽업소버 | |
KR20130032261A (ko) | 자동차용 리프팅 장치 | |
EP2709861A1 (en) | Macpherson vehicle suspension comprising a device for adjusting the height of the vehicle body from the ground | |
CN109780118A (zh) | 一种渐进式阻尼减振器 | |
US9663182B2 (en) | Front fork | |
JP2013072455A (ja) | 緩衝装置 | |
KR101194805B1 (ko) | 컴프레션 스프링을 갖는 쇽업소버 | |
JP2599593Y2 (ja) | ショックアブソーバ | |
KR101337856B1 (ko) | 감쇠력 가변식 쇽업소버 | |
TWM582468U (zh) | Lifter | |
KR20130117121A (ko) | 차량용 완충기 | |
JP2015178882A (ja) | 油圧緩衝器とこれを備える車輪懸架装置 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20160418 |
|
A871 | Explanation of circumstances concerning accelerated examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A871 Effective date: 20160418 |
|
A975 | Report on accelerated examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971005 Effective date: 20160915 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20160929 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20170104 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20170228 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20170329 |
|
A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20170425 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20170825 |
|
A911 | Transfer to examiner for re-examination before appeal (zenchi) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A911 Effective date: 20171003 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20171101 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20171130 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 6254687 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |