JP6242749B2 - 低温液化ガス気化装置 - Google Patents
低温液化ガス気化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6242749B2 JP6242749B2 JP2014113093A JP2014113093A JP6242749B2 JP 6242749 B2 JP6242749 B2 JP 6242749B2 JP 2014113093 A JP2014113093 A JP 2014113093A JP 2014113093 A JP2014113093 A JP 2014113093A JP 6242749 B2 JP6242749 B2 JP 6242749B2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
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- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/0408—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids
- F28D1/0426—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids with units having particular arrangement relative to the large body of fluid, e.g. with interleaved units or with adjacent heat exchange units in common air flow or with units extending at an angle to each other or with units arranged around a central element
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- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
- F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
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- F28F17/00—Removing ice or water from heat-exchange apparatus
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- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
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- F28F17/00—Removing ice or water from heat-exchange apparatus
- F28F17/005—Means for draining condensates from heat exchangers, e.g. from evaporators
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- F28G3/00—Rotary appliances
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- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
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- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0107—Single phase
- F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
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- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2225/035—High pressure, i.e. between 10 and 80 bars
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- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
- F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
- F17C2227/0311—Air heating
- F17C2227/0313—Air heating by forced circulation, e.g. using a fan
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- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
- F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
- F17C2227/0316—Water heating
- F17C2227/0318—Water heating using seawater
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
- F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
- F17C2227/0323—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid in a closed loop
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- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
- F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0397—Localisation of heat exchange characterised by fins
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/05—Regasification
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0134—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed above the ground
- F17C2270/0136—Terminals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/02—Evaporators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0033—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cryogenic applications
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- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0047—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for hydrogen or other compressed gas storage tanks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0061—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for phase-change applications
- F28D2021/0064—Vaporizers, e.g. evaporators
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- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G15/00—Details
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Description
図1に示すように、第1実施形態に係る低温液化ガス気化装置(以下、ガス気化装置と称する)は、低温液化ガスである液化天然ガス(LNG)を気化させて天然ガス(NG)を得るための装置である。なお、本発明は、LNGを気化させる装置に限られるものではなく、例えば、エチレン、液化酸素、液化窒素等の低温液化ガスを気化させる装置として適用することもできる。
図9は、本発明の第2実施形態に係るガス気化装置に設けられた蒸発器E1の概略構成を示している。
E2 気化器
E3 加温器
4 中間媒体
4a 液面
10 伝熱管
11 送風機
12 大気
14 出口配管
16 送風機
17 モーター
20 循環回路
26 伝熱管
28 熱交換室
30 貯留部
34 伝熱管室
35 送風機室
52 パス
52a 第1熱交換部
52b 第2熱交換部
52c 連結部
58 フィン
66 循環流路
68 加熱器
70 乾燥手段
72 除去装置
73 回転軸
74 除去部材
75 駆動部
76 駆動軸
77 伝動部材
78 ガイド
79 受け部材
Claims (10)
- ガスとの熱交換によって中間媒体を気化させる中間媒体蒸発器と、
前記中間媒体蒸発器で気化した中間媒体によって低温の液化ガスを気化させる低温液化ガス蒸発器と、を備え、
前記中間媒体蒸発器は、前記中間媒体が流れる伝熱管を有しており、
前記伝熱管は、前記中間媒体の入口から出口に向かって次第に上の位置になるように傾斜し、前記ガスとの熱交換を行う熱交換部を有し、
前記熱交換部にはフィンが設けられており、前記フィンは、鉛直方向に流れる前記ガスの流れ方向に沿うように、鉛直向きに設定されている低温液化ガス気化装置。 - ガスとの熱交換によって中間媒体を気化させる中間媒体蒸発器と、
前記中間媒体蒸発器で気化した中間媒体によって低温の液化ガスを気化させる低温液化ガス蒸発器と、を備え、
前記中間媒体蒸発器は、前記中間媒体が流れる伝熱管を有しており、
前記伝熱管は、前記中間媒体の入口から出口に向かって次第に上の位置になるように傾斜し、前記ガスとの熱交換を行う熱交換部を有し、
前記熱交換部にはフィンが設けられており、前記フィンは、前記ガスの流れ方向に沿う向きに設定され、
前記フィンは、前記熱交換部に沿って多数設けられており、
前記中間媒体の入口側に設けられたフィン同士の間隔は、前記中間媒体の出口側に設けられたフィン同士の間隔よりも広い低温液化ガス気化装置。 - 前記ガスは空気であり、
前記空気を循環させる循環流路が設けられており、
前記循環流路には、前記中間媒体蒸発器と、前記中間媒体蒸発器において冷却された空気を加熱する加熱器とが接続されている請求項1又は2に記載の低温液化ガス気化装置。 - 前記ガスは空気であり、
前記中間媒体蒸発器に向かう空気を乾燥させる乾燥手段が設けられている請求項1から3の何れか1項に記載の低温液化ガス気化装置。 - ガスとの熱交換によって中間媒体を気化させる中間媒体蒸発器と、
前記中間媒体蒸発器で気化した中間媒体によって低温の液化ガスを気化させる低温液化ガス蒸発器と、を備え、
前記中間媒体蒸発器は、前記中間媒体が流れる伝熱管を有しており、
前記伝熱管は、前記中間媒体の入口から出口に向かって次第に上の位置になるように傾斜し、前記ガスとの熱交換を行う熱交換部を有し、
前記伝熱管に設けられた各フィン間の間隙に溜まった凝縮水を除去する除去装置を備えており、
前記除去装置は、前記伝熱管の下方に回転自在に配置された回転軸と、前記回転軸に支持された複数の除去部材と、を備え、
前記複数の除去部材は、前記回転軸が回転することによって各フィン間の間隙をそれぞれ1つの除去部材が通過するピッチで前記回転軸に配置されている低温液化ガス気化装置。 - 前記回転軸に垂直な一つの平面内に1つのみの除去部材が位置するように前記複数の除去部材が配置されている請求項5に記載の低温液化ガス気化装置。
- 前記除去装置は、前記回転軸を回転させる駆動部を備えており、
前記駆動部は、駆動軸と、前記駆動軸の回転によって前記回転軸を回転させる伝動部材とを備えている請求項5又は6に記載の低温液化ガス気化装置。 - 前記駆動部は、前記フィン間を通過したガスを案内するガイドと、前記ガイドによって案内されたガスから受けた力を前記駆動軸が回転する力に変換する受け部材と、を備えている請求項7に記載の低温液化ガス気化装置。
- 前記駆動部は、前記フィン間から落下した凝縮水から受けた力を前記駆動軸が回転する
力に変換する受け部材を備えている請求項7に記載の低温液化ガス気化装置。 - 前記駆動部は、前記フィン間から落下した凝縮水を前記受け部材に向けて流すガイドを備えている請求項9に記載の低温液化ガス気化装置。
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