JP6207131B2 - リチウム2次電池用負極活物質、その製造方法、およびこれを含むリチウム2次電池 - Google Patents
リチウム2次電池用負極活物質、その製造方法、およびこれを含むリチウム2次電池 Download PDFInfo
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Description
シリカ(SiO2)マトリックスにナノSi結晶粒が分散された形態であるシリコンオキシド粉末(モル比1:1)50gを3M HF水溶液400mLに30分間担持して表面のSiO2を除去した。SiO2の除去反応が完了した後、減圧ろ過装置を利用して残留不純物を洗浄した後に乾燥した。乾燥されたシリコンオキシド粉末にロータリーキルン(rotary kiln)装備を利用してメタンガスを1000℃で1時間注入して、気相炭素コーティングを行った。反応が完了した後、コーティングされた粉末を捕執した。前記コーティングされた粉末の負極活物質は、5μmの粒子サイズを有し、前記コーティング層の厚さは50nmであった。
HF水溶液(4M HF)400mLに30分間担持してエッチングを行った点を除いて、実施例1と同一に行って粉末を捕執した。前記コーティングされた粉末の負極活物質は5μmの粒子サイズを有し、前記コーティング層の厚さが50nmであった。
HF水溶液(6M HF)400mLに30分間担持してエッチングを行った点を除いては、実施例1と同一に行って粉末を捕執した。前記コーティングされた粉末の負極活物質は、5μmの粒子サイズを有し、前記コーティング層の厚さは50nmであった。
シリカ(SiO2)マトリックスにナノSi結晶粒が分散された形態であるシリコンオキシド粉末(モル比1:1)50gにロータリーキルン(rotary kiln)装備を利用してメタンガスを1000℃で1時間注入して、気相炭素コーティングを行った。反応が完了した後、コーティングされた粉末を捕執した。前記コーティングされた粉末の負極活物質は、5μmの粒子サイズを有し、前記コーティング層の厚さは50nmであった。
HF水溶液(12M HF)に150分間担持してエッチングを行った点を除いては、実施例1と同一に行って粉末を捕執した。前記コーティングされた粉末の負極活物質は、5μmの粒子サイズを有し、前記コーティング層の厚さは50nmであった。
実施例1、実施例2、実施例3、比較例1および比較例2により製造された負極活物質を利用して、X線回折分析(XRD)を施して、XRD測定結果から得たSiCの(111)面のSiの(111)面に対するピーク面積比を下記表1に示した。
機器セッティング:40kV、40mA
ターゲットおよび波長:Cu供給源、CuKα平均値(1.5418Å)
スキャンモード、ステップ(step)、間隔(interval):θ/2θscan、0.01゜step、3sec/step
スリットシステム(slit system):D.S.=A.S.S.=0.5deg
実施例1、実施例2、実施例3、比較例1および比較例2により製造されたリチウム2次電池用負極活物質を利用して、2016コイン型半電池(coin−type half cell)を製造して、25℃、0.5Cで充放電して最初のサイクル放電容量を測定し、下記表1に記載した。
実施例1、実施例2、実施例3、比較例1および比較例2により製造されたリチウム2次電池用負極活物質を利用して、2016コイン型半電池(coin−type half cell)を製造してサイクル寿命特性を評価した。
112…負極
113…セパレータ
114…正極
120…電池容器
140…封入部材
Claims (16)
- SiO2マトリックスおよびSi結晶粒を含むコア、および前記コアの少なくとも一部上に位置するコーティング層を含み、
前記コーティング層は、SiCおよびCを含み、
CuKα線を用いたX線回折分析の時、SiCの(111)面のSiの(111)面に対するピーク面積比は、0.11〜0.5である、リチウム2次電池用負極活物質。 - 前記コアは、SiOx(0.3≦x≦1.2)で表示されるように、SiO2マトリックスおよびSi結晶粒の含量比が決定される、請求項1に記載のリチウム2次電池用負極活物質。
- 前記負極活物質は、0.5μm〜50μmの平均粒子サイズを有する、請求項1に記載のリチウム2次電池用負極活物質。
- 前記コーティング層の厚さは、0.01μm〜1μmである、請求項1に記載のリチウム2次電池用負極活物質。
- 前記コア対前記コーティング層の重量比は、99:0.1〜90:10である、請求項1に記載のリチウム2次電池用負極活物質。
- 請求項1に記載のリチウム2次電池用負極活物質の製造方法であって、
SiO2マトリックスおよびSi結晶粒を含むシリコンオキシド粉末を製造する段階と、
前記シリコンオキシド粉末をエッチャントに含浸して少なくとも前記SiO2マトリックスの一部をエッチングして、前記Si結晶粒が前記シリコンオキシド粉末の表面に露出されるようにエッチングされた粉末を得る段階と、
前記エッチングされた粉末を炭素原料物質で表面処理してSiCおよび炭素を含む炭素コーティング層を形成する段階と、
を含む、リチウム2次電池用負極活物質の製造方法。 - 前記シリコンオキシド粉末をエッチャントに5分〜120分間含浸する、請求項6に記載のリチウム2次電池用負極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記エッチャントは、少なくとも一つのF−イオンを含む物質を含む、請求項6に記載のリチウム2次電池用負極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記エッチャントは、0.5M〜12MのF−イオン濃度を有する、請求項6に記載のリチウム2次電池用負極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記エッチングされた粉末を炭素原料物質で表面処理する段階は、700℃〜1300℃で炭素含有ガスに前記エッチングされた粉末を露出させる段階を含む、請求項6に記載のリチウム2次電池用負極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記エッチングされた粉末を炭素原料物質で表面処理する段階は、前記エッチングされた粉末の表面上に炭素含有液体をコーティングし、前記炭素含有液体を800℃〜1300℃で炭化させる段階を含む、請求項6に記載のリチウム2次電池用負極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記炭素含有液体は、炭素原料物質および溶媒を含む、請求項11に記載のリチウム2次電池用負極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記溶媒は、ジメチルスルホキシドまたはテトラヒドロフランである、請求項12に記載のリチウム2次電池用負極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記炭素原料物質は、石炭系ピッチ、メソフェーズピッチ、石油系ピッチ、石炭系オイル、石油系重質油、フェノール樹脂、フラン樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、およびこれらの組み合わせから選択された一つである、請求項12に記載のリチウム2次電池用負極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記炭素原料物質は、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリアニリン、ポリアセンチレン、ポリピロール、ポリチオフェン、塩酸でドーピングされた伝導性高分子、およびこれらの組み合わせから選択された一つである、請求項12に記載のリチウム2次電池用負極活物質の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜5に記載の負極活物質を含む負極と、
リチウムをインターカレーションおよびデインターカレーションすることができる正極活物質を含む正極と、
非水電解液と、
を含む、リチウム2次電池。
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US201161537309P | 2011-09-21 | 2011-09-21 | |
US61/537,309 | 2011-09-21 | ||
US13/440,918 | 2012-04-05 | ||
US13/440,918 US11502326B2 (en) | 2011-09-21 | 2012-04-05 | Negative active material for rechargeable lithium battery, method of preparing the same and rechargeable lithium battery including the same |
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US11380890B2 (en) * | 2010-01-18 | 2022-07-05 | Enevate Corporation | Surface modification of silicon particles for electrochemical storage |
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