JP6169608B2 - アスパルチルtRNAシンテターゼ−Fcコンジュゲート - Google Patents
アスパルチルtRNAシンテターゼ−Fcコンジュゲート Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、2011年12月29日に出願された米国仮出願第61/581,550号の利益を米国特許法§119(e)の下で主張し、この出願はその全体が参照として援用される。
本出願に関連する配列表は、紙の写しの代わりに、テキスト形式で提供され、これによって参照によって本明細書に組み込まれる。配列表を含有するテキストファイルの名称は、ATYR_109_01WO.ST25.txtである。テキストファイルは、約263KBであり、2012年12月20日に作成されたものであり、EFS−Webを介して電子的に提出されている。
技術分野
本発明は、一般に、1つ以上のアスパルチルtRNAシンテターゼ(DRS)ポリペプチド(複数可)および免疫グロブリンFc領域(複数可)の融合タンパク質などのようなコンジュゲート、コンジュゲートを含む組成物、ならびに様々な状態を処置するまたは診断するためにそのようなポリペプチドおよび組成物を使用するための方法に関する。
アスパルチルtRNAシンテターゼ(DRS)ならびにそのフラグメントおよび変異体(総称してDRSまたはAspRSポリペプチド)は、治療および診断関連性の様々な非標準活性を有することが最近示された。特に、あるアスパルチルtRNAシンテターゼフラグメントは、非常に効力がある、内因的に産生されるToll様受容体モデュレーターであることが確立された。作用のいずれか1つの特定の理論に拘束されるものではないが、そのようなDRSポリペプチドは、タンパク質分解切断と同時にまたは完全長DRS tRNAシンテターゼの選択的スプライシングを通して、マクロファージ細胞から放出され、免疫調節性の細胞型および他の細胞型に対して結合し、その活性を調整することができると考えられる。そのようなDRSポリペプチドは、投与された場合に、ステロイドなどのような従来の抗炎症剤に典型的に関連する副作用プロファイルを伴うことなく、炎症応答を選択的に調整する新規なメカニズムをもたらす。
本発明の実施形態は、一般に、共有結合された1つ以上の免疫グロブリンFc領域を有するアスパルチルtRNAシンテターゼ(DRS)ポリペプチドコンジュゲート、そのような分子を含む医薬組成物、製造のための方法、およびそれらの治療上の使用のための方法に関する。数ある利点の中でも、本発明のDRS−Fcコンジュゲートは、対応する非修飾DRSポリペプチドに比べて、改善された薬物動態学的特性および/または改善された治療上適切な生物学的活性を有することができる。
特定の実施形態では、例えば以下が提供される:
(項目1)
アスパルチルtRNAシンテターゼ(DRS)融合ポリペプチドであって、配列番号1、3〜24、29、31、または154〜197のいずれかに対して、少なくとも80%同一なアミノ酸配列、および前記DRSポリペプチドのC−末端、N−末端、またはその両方に対して融合された少なくとも1つのFc領域を含むアスパルチルtRNAシンテターゼ(DRS)融合ポリペプチド。
(項目2)
配列番号1、3〜24、29、31、または154〜197のいずれかに対して、少なくとも90%同一なアミノ酸配列を含む、項目1に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目3)
配列番号1または3〜24のいずれか1つのアミノ酸配列を含む、項目1に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目4)
前記DRSポリペプチドが、約130〜300アミノ酸長であり、配列番号1のアミノ酸残基1〜154、11〜146、13〜146、23〜154、1〜171、もしくは1〜174、1〜182、1〜184、1〜224、もしくは1〜274、または配列番号1の残基1〜154、23〜154、1〜171、もしくは1〜174、1〜182、1〜184、1〜224、もしくは1〜274に対して、少なくとも90%同一なアミノ酸配列を含む、項目1に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目5)
前記DRSポリペプチドが、約130〜200アミノ酸長であり、配列番号1のアミノ酸残基1〜154、11〜146、13〜146、23〜154、1〜171、1〜174、1〜182、もしくは1〜184、または残基1〜154、23〜154、1〜171、1〜174、1〜182、もしくは1〜184に対して、少なくとも90%同一なアミノ酸配列を含む、項目1に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目6)
前記DRSポリペプチドが、約130〜175アミノ酸長であり、配列番号1のアミノ酸残基1〜154、11〜146、13〜146、23〜154、1〜171、もしくは1〜174、または配列番号1の残基1〜154、23〜154、1〜171、もしくは1〜174に対して、少なくとも90%同一なアミノ酸配列を含む、項目1に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目7)
前記DRSポリペプチドが、配列番号1のアミノ酸残基1〜154、11〜146、13〜146、23〜154、1〜171、または1〜174を含む、項目6に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目8)
前記DRSポリペプチドが、配列番号1のアミノ酸残基1〜154から本質的になる、項目7に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目9)
前記DRSポリペプチドが、配列番号1のアミノ酸残基13〜146から本質的になる、項目7に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目10)
前記DRSポリペプチドが、Cys76、Cys130、Cys203、Cys259、Cys334、およびCys349から選択されるシステイン残基に少なくとも1つの変異を含む、項目1〜9のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目11)
前記Fc領域および前記DRSポリペプチドが、ペプチドリンカーによって分離されている、項目1〜10のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目12)
前記ペプチドリンカーが、約1〜200アミノ酸長、1〜150アミノ酸長、1〜100アミノ酸長、1〜90アミノ酸長、1〜80アミノ酸長、1〜70アミノ酸長、1〜60アミノ酸長、1〜50アミノ酸長、1〜40アミノ酸長、1〜30アミノ酸長、1〜20アミノ酸長、1〜10アミノ酸長、または1〜5アミノ酸長である、項目11に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目13)
前記ペプチドリンカーが、約1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29、30、31、32、33、34、35、36、37、38、39、40、41、42、43、44、45、46、47、48、49、50、60、70、80、90、または100アミノ酸長である、項目11に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目14)
前記ペプチドリンカーが、Glyおよび/またはSer残基から本質的になる、項目11〜13のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目15)
前記ペプチドリンカーが、生理学的に安定なリンカーである、項目11〜13のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目16)
前記ペプチドリンカーが、放出可能なリンカー、任意選択で、酵素により切断可能なリンカーである、項目11〜13のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目17)
前記ペプチドリンカーが、配列番号80〜139のいずれか1つの配列を含む、項目11〜16のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目18)
前記Fc領域が、前記DRSポリペプチドのC−末端に対して融合される、項目1〜17のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目19)
前記Fc領域が、前記DRSポリペプチドのN−末端に対して融合される、項目1〜17のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目20)
前記Fc領域が、哺乳動物IgA1、IgA2、IgD、IgE、IgG1、IgG2、IgG3、IgG4、および/またはIgM由来の、ヒンジ、CH 2 、CH 3 、および/またはCH 4 ドメインの1つ以上を含む、項目1〜19のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目21)
前記DRS融合ポリペプチドが、免疫グロブリンのCH 1 、C L 、V L 、およびV H 領域を含まない、項目1〜20のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目22)
前記Fc領域が、配列番号38〜64またはその変異体もしくはフラグメントもしくは組み合わせのいずれか1つを含む、項目1〜21のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目23)
対応するDRSポリペプチドに比べて、改変された薬物動態を有する、項目1〜22のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目24)
前記改変された薬物動態が、血清半減期の増加、生物学的利用率の増加、および/またはクリアランスの減少である、項目23に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目25)
対応するDRSポリペプチドに比べて、改変された免疫エフェクター活性を有する、請求項1〜22のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目26)
前記免疫エフェクター活性が、1つ以上の補体活性化、補体依存性細胞傷害(CDC)、抗体依存性細胞媒介性細胞傷害(ADCC)、または抗体依存性細胞媒介性食作用(ADCP)である、項目23に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目27)
前記Fc領域が、野生型Fc領域に比べて、変異Fc領域を含む、項目1〜26のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目28)
前記変異Fc領域が、配列番号38〜64のいずれか1つに対して、少なくとも90%同一な配列または前記配列の組み合わせを含む、項目27に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目29)
前記変異Fc領域が、異なる種、異なるIgクラス、または異なるIgサブクラス由来の1つ以上のFc領域のハイブリッドを含む、項目27または28に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目30)
前記変異Fc領域が、異なる種、異なるIgクラス、および/または異なるIgサブクラス由来のFc領域の、CH 2 、CH 3 、および/またはCH 4 ドメインの1つ以上のヒンジハイブリッドを含む、項目27〜29のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目31)
前記変異Fc領域が、対応する野生型Fc領域に比べて、修飾されたグリコフォームである、項目27〜30のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目32)
前記変異Fc領域が、対応する野生型Fc領域に比べて、改変された薬物動態をを有する、項目27〜31のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目33)
前記改変された薬物動態が、血清半減期、生物学的利用率、および/またはクリアランスを含む、項目32に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目34)
前記変異Fc領域が、対応する野生型Fc領域に比べて、改変されたエフェクター活性を有する、項目27〜33のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目35)
前記エフェクター活性が、1つ以上の補体活性化、補体依存性細胞傷害(CDC)、抗体依存性細胞媒介性細胞傷害(ADCC)、または抗体依存性細胞媒介性食作用(ADCP)である、項目34に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目36)
前記変異Fc領域が、対応する野生型Fc領域に比べて、1つ以上のFcγ受容体に対する改変された結合を有する、項目27〜35のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目37)
前記変異Fc領域が、対応する野生型Fc領域に比べて、溶解性が改変されている、項目27〜36のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目38)
生理学的溶液において実質的に二量体の形態である、項目1〜37のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目39)
UV円偏光二色性分析を介して決定されるように、対応する未修飾DRSポリペプチドと、実質的に同じ二次構造を有する、項目1〜38のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目40)
哺乳動物に対して投与された場合に、対応する未修飾DRSポリペプチドよりも、少なくとも5倍を超える、プラスマまたは血清薬物動態学的AUCプロファイルを有する、項目1〜39のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチド。
(項目41)
配列番号36または37に対して、少なくとも80%同一なアミノ酸配列を含む、アスパルチルtRNAシンテターゼ(DRS)−Fc融合ポリペプチド。
(項目42)
3日間またはそれより長い投薬間隔を使用する場合に、約0.3μg/ml〜約3μg/mlの、被験体のプラスマにおけるDRS融合ポリペプチドの定常状態の平均濃度を維持する投薬レジメンであって、治療用量の項目1〜41のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチドを前記患者に対して投与するステップを含む、投薬レジメン。
(項目43)
最小限の有効な治療レベルを超えるDRSポリペプチドレベルをその必要がある被験体において維持するための方法であって、治療用量の項目1〜41のいずれかに記載のDRS融合ポリペプチドを前記被験体に対して投与するステップを含む、方法。
(項目44)
被験体における炎症応答を処置するための方法であって、治療用量の項目1〜41のいずれかに記載のDRS融合ポリペプチドをその必要がある被験体に対して投与するステップを含む、方法。
(項目45)
TLR関連疾患を処置する必要がある被験体においてTLR関連疾患を処置するための方法であって、前記被験体に対して、治療用量の項目1〜41のいずれかに記載のDRS融合ポリペプチドをその必要がある被験体に対して投与するステップを含む、方法。
(項目46)
被験体におけるTLR活性を調整するための方法についての方法であって、前記被験体に対して、治療用量の項目1〜41のいずれかに記載のDRS融合ポリペプチドをその必要がある被験体に対して投与するステップを含む、方法。
(項目47)
癌細胞を死滅させるための方法についての方法であって、項目1〜41のいずれかに記載のDRS融合ポリペプチドを含むワクチンまたは免疫原性組成物をその必要がある被験体に対して投与するステップを含む、方法。
(項目48)
癌を有する被験体を処置するか、または被験体における癌の発症を予防するための方法であって、項目1〜41のいずれかに記載のDRS融合ポリペプチドを含むワクチンまたは免疫原性組成物をその必要がある被験体に対して投与するステップを含む、方法。
(項目49)
被験体における抗原に対する寛容を克服するための方法であって、項目1〜41のいずれかに記載のDRS融合ポリペプチドを含むワクチンまたは免疫原性組成物をその必要がある被験体に対して投与するステップを含む、方法。
(項目50)
項目1〜41のいずれかに記載のDRS融合ポリペプチドおよび薬学的に許容され得るキャリヤまたは賦形剤を含む医薬組成物。
(項目51)
前記組成物が、約10nM〜約100nMのアルギニンを含む、項目50に記載の医薬組成物。
(項目52)
項目1〜41のいずれか一項に記載のDRS融合ポリペプチドをコードするヌクレオチド配列を含む単離ポリヌクレオチド。
(項目53)
項目52に記載の単離ポリヌクレオチドを含むベクター。
(項目54)
項目53に記載のベクターを含む宿主細胞。
(項目55)
項目1〜41のいずれかに記載のDRS融合ポリペプチドを製造するための方法であって、
a)DRS融合ポリペプチドを発現させるために宿主細胞を培養するステップであって、前記宿主細胞が、調節エレメントに作動可能に連結された項目49に記載のポリヌクレオチドを含むステップおよび
b)前記宿主細胞から前記DRS融合ポリペプチドを単離するステップを含む、方法。
本発明の実施には、当技術分野の技術の範囲内の分子生物学の従来の方法および組換えDNA技術が、それと反対に特に指示されない限り、用いられるであろう、また、それらの多くは、例説の目的で下記に記載される。そのような技術は、文献において十分に説明されている。たとえばSambrookら、Molecular Cloning:A Laboratory Manual(3rd Edition、2000);DNA Cloning:A Practical Approach、vol.I&II(D.Glover,ed.);Oligonucleotide Synthesis(N.Gait,ed.、1984);Oligonucleotide Synthesis:Methods and Applications(P.Herdewijn,ed.、2004);Nucleic Acid Hybridization(B.Hames&S.Higgins,eds.、1985);Nucleic Acid Hybridization:Modern Applications(Buzdin and Lukyanov,eds.、2009);Transcription and Translation(B.Hames&S.Higgins,eds.、1984);Animal Cell Culture(R.Freshney,ed.、1986);Freshney,R.I.(2005)Culture of Animal Cells,a Manual of Basic Technique,5th Ed.Hoboken NJ、John Wiley&Sons;B.Perbal、A Practical Guide to Molecular Cloning(3rd Edition 2010);Farrell,R.、RNA Methodologies:A Laboratory Guide for Isolation and Characterization(3rd Edition 2005).Poly(ethylene glycol),Chemistry and Biological Applications、ACS、Washington、1997;Veronese,F.,and J.M.Harris,Eds.、Peptide and protein PEGylation,Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews,54(4)453−609(2002);Zalipsky,S.ら、“Use of functionalized Poly(Ethylene Glycols)for modification of polypeptides” in Polyethylene Glycol Chemistry:Biotechnical and Biomedical Applicationsを参照されたい。
特に定義されない限り、本明細書において使用される場合、技術用語および科学用語はすべて、本発明が属する当技術分野の当業者らによって一般に理解されるものと同じ意味を有する。本明細書において記載されるものに類似するまたはそれと等価であるいかなる方法および材料も、本発明の実施または試験において使用することができるが、好ましい方法および材料が記載される。本発明の目的のために、以下の用語が下記に定義される。
本発明の実施形態は、野生型配列、天然に存在する配列、および天然に存在しない配列を含む、アスパルチルtRNAシンテターゼポリペプチド(DRSまたはAspRSポリペプチド)の使用に関し、また、その変異体およびフラグメントをも含む。アスパルチルtRNAシンテターゼ由来のポリペプチドの特定の例は、システイン含有量が改変されたものを含む。
したがって、アスパルチルtRNAシンテターゼのすべてのそのようなホモログ、オルソログ、および天然に存在するまたは合成アイソフォーム(たとえば、表D1〜D9において列挙されるまたはそれから誘導可能なタンパク質または核酸のいずれか)は、本明細書において記載されるコンジュゲート、方法、キット、および医薬組成物のいずれかに含まれる。これらのDRSの変異体は、任意選択で、抗炎症活性などのような少なくとも1つの非標準活性を保持する。
ある実施形態は、DRS−Fc融合タンパク質などのようなDRSポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチドに関する。単独でまたはDRSコード配列と組み合わせて、本明細書において記載される、任意の1つ以上のFc領域をコードするポリヌクレオチドもまた、含まれる。数ある使用の中でも、これらの実施形態は、所望のDRS、Fc領域、もしくはDRS−Fcポリペプチドまたはその変異体を組換えで産生するためにまたは選択された細胞もしくは被験体において、DRS、Fc領域、もしくはDRS−Fcポリペプチドを発現させるために利用されてもよい。遺伝子コードの縮重の結果として、本明細書において記載されるDRSポリペプチドをコードする多くのヌクレオチド配列があることは、当業者らによって十分に理解されるであろう。これらのポリヌクレオチドのいくつかは、任意の天然の遺伝子のヌクレオチド配列に対して最小限の相同性を有していてもよい。それにもかかわらず、コドン使用頻度における差異により変動するポリヌクレオチド、たとえばヒト、酵母、または細菌のコドン選択のために最適化されるポリヌクレオチドが、本発明によって特に企図される。
DRS−Fcコンジュゲートポリペプチドは、たとえば標準的な固相ペプチド合成を使用することによって(Merrifield,J.Am.Chem.Soc.85:2149−2154(1963))または遺伝子修飾宿主を使用する組換え技術によって、当業者らに知られている任意の適した手順によって調製されてもよい。タンパク質合成は、手動式の技術を使用してまたは自動操作によって実行されてもよい。自動式の合成は、たとえばApplied Biosystems 431A Peptide Synthesizer(Perkin Elmer)を使用して、実現されてもよい。その代わりに、様々なフラグメントは、化学的に別々に合成され、所望の分子を産生するために、化学的方法を使用して組み合わせられてもよい。
上記に言及されるように、本発明の実施形態は、1つ以上のDRSポリペプチド(複数可)に対して共有結合される少なくとも1つのFc領域を含むDRS−Fcコンジュゲートに関する。DRS−Fcコンジュゲートの例は、融合タンパク質および化学的に架橋されたタンパク質の様々な形態を含む。種々様々のFc領域配列は、本発明のDRS−Fcコンジュゲートにおいて用いられてもよく、任意の数の種由来の野生型配列ならびにその変異体、フラグメント、ハイブリッド、および化学的に修飾された形態を含む。DRS−Fcポリペプチドはまた、典型的にDRSポリペプチド(複数可)からFc領域(複数可)を分離する1つ以上のリンカーを(任意選択で)含んでいてもよく、本明細書において記載され、当技術分野において知られているペプチドリンカーおよび化学リンカーを含む。
ある実施形態において、ペプチドリンカー配列が、それぞれのポリペプチドがフォールドして、その所望される二次および三次構造になるのを確実にするのに十分な距離で、DRSポリペプチド(複数可)およびFc領域(複数可)を分離するために用いられてもよい。そのようなペプチドリンカー配列は、当技術分野においてよく知られている標準的な技術を使用して、融合タンパク質の中に組み込むことができる。
本発明の実施形態は、Fc領域アスパルチルtRNAシンテターゼ(DRS−Fc)コンジュゲートポリペプチドならびにそのフラグメントおよび変異体が、インビトロおよびインビボの両方において、様々な有用な方法で、Toll様受容体(TLR)および他の炎症応答経路を調整するための改善された方法を提供するという発見に関する。本発明の組成物は、したがって、自己免疫性および/または炎症性疾患、状態、および障害を直接または間接的に媒介する細胞を調整することによって、抗炎症または炎症促進性の徴候を処置するための免疫調節薬として有用であってもよい。免疫調節薬としての本発明の組成物の実用性は、たとえば遊走アッセイ(たとえば白血球もしくはリンパ球を使用)、サイトカイン産生アッセイ、または細胞生存率アッセイ(たとえばB細胞、T細胞、単球、もしくはNK細胞を使用)を含む、当技術分野において多くの知られており、入手可能な技術のいずれかを使用してモニターすることができる。
本発明の実施形態は、単独でまたは療法の1つ以上の他の様式と組み合わせて、細胞、被験体、または動物に対して投与するための、薬学的に許容され得るまたは生理学的に許容され得る溶液において製剤されたDRS−Fcコンジュゲートポリペプチドを含む組成物を含む。所望される場合、本発明の組成物が、同様に、他の作用物質、たとえば他のタンパク質またはポリペプチドまたは様々な薬学的に活性な作用物質と組み合わせて投与されてもよいこともまた、理解されるであろう。さらに組成物において含まれてもよい他の構成成分は、事実上、無制限にあるが、さらなる作用物質が、実現されることが所望される調節性のまたは他の効果に悪影響を及ぼさないことを条件とする。
DRSポリペプチドの産生
コドン最適化および遺伝子合成:DRSポリペプチドAspRS1N1(C76S)(アミノ酸1〜154および位置76にシステイン→セリン変異を含む)をコードする大腸菌コドン最適化核酸配列は、DNA2.0(Menlo Park、CA)によって開発されたアルゴリズムを使用して、最適な大腸菌発現のために設計した。遺伝子は、C−末端V5Hisタグと共に合成し、T7プロモーターが転写を駆動するために使用され、カナマイシン抵抗性が抗生物質選択のために使用されるpJExpress411ベクターにサブクローニングした。
哺乳動物細胞におけるDRSポリペプチドの産生
代わりとなる産生系として、例示的なDRSポリペプチドを、哺乳動物発現系を使用して調製した。このアプローチは、大腸菌由来のエンドトキシンによる、DRSポリペプチドのあらゆる混入の可能性を排除するという利点の可能性を有する。
生物学的活性の評価
ヒトtoll様受容体に対するDRSポリペプチドの結合を評価するために、一連の研究を、TLR2およびTLR4受容体を過剰発現する、市販で入手可能なレポーターHEK 293およびTHP−1細胞株を用いて行った。
C76およびC130の他のアミノ酸への変異
Cys76→Serに加えて、他の好都合な変異を同定することができるかどうかを決定するために、両方のシステイン残基(つまりCys76またはCys130のいずれか)を、19種の代わりとなる天然に存在するアミノ酸残基すべてに変異させた。天然のヒトコドン使用DRSポリペプチドまたは大腸菌最適化DRSポリペプチドにおいてこれを達成するために、以下のプライマーを使用した。
DRS−Fcポリペプチドの調製
N−末端およびC−末端Fc−アスパルチルtRNAシンテターゼ(DRS−Fc)融合タンパク質を、以下のように調製し、精製し、分析した。
DRS_FcのDNA配列(C−末端Fc融合物):
DRS_Fcのタンパク質配列(C−末端Fc融合物)
DRSシステイン変異体の産生
DRSシステイン変異体の生成:完全長DRSの安定性を改善し、非特異的ジスルフィド結合媒介性の凝集形成の影響を低下させるために、潜在的な疑わしいシステインを、結晶構造に基づいて同定し(たとえば、共同所有の米国特許出願第12/751,358号明細書を参照されたい)、SerまたはAlaまたはValに変異させた。特に、野生型DRSにおけるシステインC334、C349、C203、およびC259を、変異誘発のために最初に標的にした。タンパク質凝集を媒介する際のそれぞれのシステインの影響を系統的に評価するために、それぞれのDRSシステイン変異体が1つのシステイン位置または複数の位置上に変異を含有し得るミニライブラリーを生成した。DRS変異体C334S、C349S、C334S/C349S、C334S/C349S/C259A/C203A、C334S/C349S/C259A/C203V、C334S/C349S/C203A、C334S/C349S/C203V、C203A、およびC203Vを作製するために、以下のプライマーを、表E8に列挙するように使用した。
切断型HOMEOKINE(DRS)変異体の構築および産生
最小の活性で、最も安定なN−末端DRSポリペプチドフラグメントを系統的に評価するために、一連のN−末端、C−末端、および二重切断型Homeokine(DRS1〜154)変異体を、表E10に列挙するプライマーを使用して作製した。構築物について対応するDNAおよびタンパク質配列を下記に列挙する。手短に言えば、Homeokine(DRS)のN−末端切断型形態変異体は、Homeokine(DRS1〜154)配列のN−またはC末端から一度に2つのアミノ酸を切断することによって設計した。そのうえ、一連のC−末端伸長変異体は、2つのアミノ酸追加によってアミノ酸154から182までHomeokine配列のC−末端を伸長させるように生成した。二重切断型Homeokine変異体は、Homeokineの最小活性コアドメインを決定するためにDRSの構造に基づいて設計した。
精製切断型HOMEOKINE(DRS)変異体の安定性の比較
安定性は、1時間、37℃で、1mg/mlのPBSにおいて、50μlのそれぞれの欠失変異体をインキュベートし、次いで、ランニングバッファーとして200mMリン酸、100mM NaCl pH7.0を使用して、分析SECカラム(YMC America,Inc、cat.no.YMC−Pack Diol−300)を実行することによって、37Cでのインキュベーション後に、A340nMでの吸収を介して評価されるように混濁度を決定することを介して、高分子量(HMW)構成成分%を比較するために評価した。結果を表E11に要約する。
部分的身体照射生存モデルにおける、インビボにおける、システインを低下させた変異体についての試験
方法.成体(10〜12週)C57BL/6オスマウスを、26の10群に分けた。マウスを、14Gy(5群)または14.5Gy(5群)の照射で15:00時間+/−1時間、照射した。照射は、300kV、10mAで稼働させたPantak HF320 X線を使用して、実行した。X線管は、2.3mm Cu半価層(HVL)の線質をもたらすように、付加ろ過を有した。マウスに麻酔をかけ、ジグで押さえ、照射を、70.0cGy/分の線量率で加えた(Epistem、UK)。動物は、腹部のみに対する部分的な身体照射を受け、頭部、胸部、および前肢は、鉛で遮蔽した。これは、およそ40%の骨髄遮蔽と等しい。照射の24時間後、マウスのそれぞれの群に、尾静脈を介して試験アイテムをi.v.投薬(5ml/kg)した。試験アイテム群は、PBS希釈剤を使用して、それぞれの放射線量で試験した。次いで、マウスは、DRS(1〜154)C76SまたはコントロールとしてのPBSを合計7日間、24時間ごとに投薬した。
MSU誘発性痛風モデルにおける、インビボにおける、システインを低下させた変異体についての試験
方法.痛風様の炎症を、左足根関節へのMSU結晶の単一の投与によって、5匹のメスC57BL/6マウスの群において誘発した(Comparative Biosciences Inc.、Sunnyvale、CAにより実行)。MSU結晶の注射の1時間前に、マウスに、ビヒクル、DRS1〜154(C76S)(5mg/kg、IV)、またはデキサメタゾンの単一の注射によって予防的に1回投薬した。関節炎症重症度(関節の厚さ、紅斑、および足の不自由)の臨床的測定値について、研究の間に3回評価した。マウスは、投薬の1日後に屠殺し、血清用の血液を、収集し、後肢は組織病理学的評価のために収集した。研究の全体にわたって、一般的な臨床観察を毎日記録し、体重は、投薬前におよび検死時に記録した。
TNBSマウスモデルにおけるDRS(1〜154)C76Sの活性
DRS(1〜154)C76Sポリペプチドを、大腸炎のTNBSマウスモデルにおいて試験した。このモデルにおいて、結腸刺激を、エタノール中のTNBSの結腸内投与によって誘発する。これは、TH1型サイトカインプロファイルを有する急性大腸炎を刺激し、これは、とりわけ、TNF−α、IFN−γ、およびIL−12をコードする遺伝子の発現によって特徴付けられる(Fichtner−Feiglら、J.Clin.Invest.115:3057−3071、2005を参照されたい)。大腸炎は、重度であり、TNBSが導入される結腸のエリアに局在化し得る。炎症応答は、局所的な腫脹、炎症細胞浸潤、および上皮の損失をもたらす。
Claims (15)
- 医薬組成物であって、薬学的に許容され得るキャリヤまたは賦形剤、およびアスパルチルtRNAシンテターゼ(DRS)融合ポリペプチドを含み、前記DRS融合ポリペプチドは、アスパルチルtRNAシンテターゼ(DRS)ポリペプチドおよび前記DRSポリペプチドのC−末端に対して融合された少なくとも1つのFc領域を含み、前記DRS融合ポリペプチドが、配列番号36に対して少なくとも95%同一なアミノ酸配列を含み、前記DRS融合ポリペプチドが抗炎症活性を示す、医薬組成物。
- 前記DRS融合ポリペプチドが、配列番号36に対して少なくとも97%同一なアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記DRS融合ポリペプチドが、配列番号36に少なくとも98%同一なアミノ酸配列を含む、請求項2に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記DRSポリペプチドが、Cys76およびCys130から選択されるシステイン残基に少なくとも1つの変異を含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記Fc領域および前記DRSポリペプチドが、ペプチドリンカーによって分離されている、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記Fc領域が、配列番号50、51もしくは55またはその変異体もしくはフラグメントもしくは組み合わせのいずれか1つを含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記DRS融合ポリペプチドが、対応するDRSポリペプチドに比べて、改変された薬物動態を有し、前記改変された薬物動態が、血清半減期の増加、生物学的利用率の増加、および/またはクリアランスの減少である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記DRS融合ポリペプチドが、対応するDRSポリペプチドに比べて、改変された免疫エフェクター活性を有し、前記免疫エフェクター活性が、補体活性化、補体依存性細胞傷害(CDC)、抗体依存性細胞媒介性細胞傷害(ADCC)、または抗体依存性細胞媒介性食作用(ADCP)のうちの1つ以上である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記Fc領域が、野生型Fc領域に比べて、変異Fc領域を含む、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記変異Fc領域が、配列番号51または55に対して、少なくとも98%同一な配列または前記配列の組み合わせを含む、請求項9に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記DRS融合ポリペプチドが、UV円偏光二色性分析を介して決定されるように、対応する未修飾DRSポリペプチドと、実質的に同じ二次構造を有する、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記DRS融合ポリペプチドが、哺乳動物に対して投与された場合に、対応する未修飾DRSポリペプチドよりも、少なくとも5倍を超える、プラスマまたは血清薬物動態学的AUCプロファイルを有する、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記組成物が、約10nM〜約100nMのアルギニンを含む、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 医薬として使用するための、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
- (a)3日間またはそれより長い投薬間隔を使用する場合に、約0.3μg/ml〜約3μg/mlの、被験体のプラスマにおけるDRS融合ポリペプチドの定常状態の平均濃度を維持する投薬レジメン;
(b)被験体における炎症応答を処置すること;
(c)TLR関連疾患を処置する必要がある被験体においてTLR関連疾患を処置すること;
(d)癌を有する被験体を処置すること;または
(e)被験体における抗原に対する寛容を克服すること;
に使用するための請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載の医薬組成物。
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