JP6150819B2 - 高強度オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
高強度オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6150819B2 JP6150819B2 JP2014550021A JP2014550021A JP6150819B2 JP 6150819 B2 JP6150819 B2 JP 6150819B2 JP 2014550021 A JP2014550021 A JP 2014550021A JP 2014550021 A JP2014550021 A JP 2014550021A JP 6150819 B2 JP6150819 B2 JP 6150819B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- stainless steel
- austenitic stainless
- mass
- strength
- delta
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 37
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910002066 substitutional alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000922 High-strength low-alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0622—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two casting wheels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/02—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for springs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR20110144126 | 2011-12-28 | ||
| KR10-2011-0144126 | 2011-12-28 | ||
| PCT/KR2012/011696 WO2013100687A1 (ko) | 2011-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | 고강도 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강 및 그 제조방법 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2015508453A JP2015508453A (ja) | 2015-03-19 |
| JP6150819B2 true JP6150819B2 (ja) | 2017-06-21 |
Family
ID=48698023
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014550021A Expired - Fee Related JP6150819B2 (ja) | 2011-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | 高強度オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼及びその製造方法 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2799569A4 (ko) |
| JP (1) | JP6150819B2 (ko) |
| KR (1) | KR101623290B1 (ko) |
| CN (1) | CN104105805B (ko) |
| WO (1) | WO2013100687A1 (ko) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104711492B (zh) * | 2015-03-20 | 2019-09-20 | 宝钢德盛不锈钢有限公司 | 一种超硬态奥氏体不锈钢及其制造方法 |
| KR101708787B1 (ko) * | 2016-06-09 | 2017-02-21 | 박동배 | 표면 실장용 전도성 가스켓의 제조방법 |
| CN105886955A (zh) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-08-24 | 苏州双金实业有限公司 | 一种具有耐低温性能的钢 |
| CN106167849B (zh) * | 2016-06-17 | 2018-05-04 | 浙江大学 | 一种高强高韧全奥氏体不锈钢的加工方法 |
| JP6738671B2 (ja) * | 2016-07-01 | 2020-08-12 | 日鉄ステンレス株式会社 | ステンレス鋼板 |
| JP6815766B2 (ja) * | 2016-07-08 | 2021-01-20 | 日鉄ステンレス株式会社 | ステンレス鋼 |
| KR102030162B1 (ko) * | 2016-12-23 | 2019-11-08 | 주식회사 포스코 | 가공성 및 표면특성이 우수한 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강 및 이의 제조방법 |
| CN107083519A (zh) * | 2017-02-22 | 2017-08-22 | 广东鑫发精密金属科技有限公司 | 一种不锈钢冷轧精密弹簧钢带及其制备方法 |
| CN107030264B (zh) * | 2017-04-27 | 2019-04-26 | 酒泉钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | 一种超级奥氏体不锈钢双辊薄带铸轧生产工艺 |
| CN109136465A (zh) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-04 | 江阴市天虹金属铸造有限公司 | 一种航天航空用轻质高强度不锈钢的冶炼方法 |
| KR102169457B1 (ko) * | 2018-12-18 | 2020-10-23 | 주식회사 포스코 | 고강도 스테인리스강 |
| KR102265212B1 (ko) * | 2019-07-15 | 2021-06-15 | 주식회사 포스코 | 비자성 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강 |
| KR102272785B1 (ko) * | 2019-10-29 | 2021-07-05 | 주식회사 포스코 | 항복비가 향상된 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강 및 그 제조 방법 |
| CN111676355B (zh) * | 2020-07-23 | 2022-01-28 | 东北大学 | 一种奥氏体不锈钢板材在线固溶处理工艺 |
| CN115948690A (zh) * | 2022-12-26 | 2023-04-11 | 浦项(张家港)不锈钢股份有限公司 | 一种冷轧不锈钢带、精密冷轧不锈钢带及应用 |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5854187B2 (ja) * | 1976-02-10 | 1983-12-03 | 川崎製鉄株式会社 | 成形性が優れ、耐食性、耐時期割れ性の良好なオ−ステナイト系ステンレス鋼板 |
| JPS5856746B2 (ja) * | 1980-04-15 | 1983-12-16 | 日本ステンレス株式会社 | プレス成形性および耐食性の良好なオ−ステナイト系ステンレス鋼 |
| JPS6077963A (ja) * | 1983-10-03 | 1985-05-02 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 車両用オ−ステナイト系ステンレス鋼 |
| JP3127268B2 (ja) * | 1992-02-19 | 2001-01-22 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼薄帯状鋳片および薄板の製造方法 |
| JP2977366B2 (ja) * | 1992-04-16 | 1999-11-15 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼薄板の製造方法 |
| KR950009223B1 (ko) * | 1993-08-25 | 1995-08-18 | 포항종합제철주식회사 | 프레스 성형성, 열간가공성 및 고온내산화성이 우수한 오스테나이트계 스테인레스강 |
| JP3542239B2 (ja) * | 1996-10-15 | 2004-07-14 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 耐伸線縦割れ性に優れた高強度ステンレス線材及びその鋼線 |
| JP2000063947A (ja) * | 1998-08-21 | 2000-02-29 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 高強度ステンレス鋼の製造方法 |
| JP4489928B2 (ja) * | 2000-11-09 | 2010-06-23 | 新日鐵住金ステンレス株式会社 | 高強度オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼線 |
| KR100566142B1 (ko) | 2002-05-08 | 2006-03-30 | 신닛뽄세이테쯔 카부시키카이샤 | 염회치·강성율이 우수한 고강도 스테인레스 강선 및 그 제조 방법 |
| JP4519513B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-08 | 2010-08-04 | 新日鐵住金ステンレス株式会社 | 剛性率に優れた高強度ステンレス鋼線およびその製造方法 |
| KR100650599B1 (ko) * | 2004-12-28 | 2006-11-29 | 주식회사 포스코 | 스트립캐스팅공정에 의한 우수한 품질의 오스테나이트계스테인리스강의 제조방법 |
| JP5154122B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-29 | 2013-02-27 | 日本精線株式会社 | 高強度ステンレス鋼及びこれを用いた高強度ステンレス鋼線 |
| JP2008297601A (ja) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-11 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | プレスプレート用オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼 |
-
2012
- 2012-12-28 KR KR1020147017680A patent/KR101623290B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2012-12-28 EP EP12861886.5A patent/EP2799569A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-12-28 WO PCT/KR2012/011696 patent/WO2013100687A1/ko active Application Filing
- 2012-12-28 JP JP2014550021A patent/JP6150819B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-12-28 CN CN201280065481.3A patent/CN104105805B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104105805B (zh) | 2016-11-02 |
| EP2799569A4 (en) | 2016-03-09 |
| JP2015508453A (ja) | 2015-03-19 |
| EP2799569A1 (en) | 2014-11-05 |
| KR101623290B1 (ko) | 2016-05-20 |
| KR20140103297A (ko) | 2014-08-26 |
| WO2013100687A1 (ko) | 2013-07-04 |
| CN104105805A (zh) | 2014-10-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP6150819B2 (ja) | 高強度オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼及びその製造方法 | |
| KR101423826B1 (ko) | 마르텐사이트계 스테인리스강 및 그 제조방법 | |
| JP5531109B2 (ja) | 双ロール式薄板鋳造工程により製造されたマルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼及びその製造方法 | |
| JP5349015B2 (ja) | Ｎｉ節約型オーステナイト系ステンレス熱延鋼板の製造方法並びにスラブおよび熱延鋼板 | |
| KR101239589B1 (ko) | 고내식 마르텐사이트 스테인리스강 및 그 제조방법 | |
| CN110218852B (zh) | 一种301不锈钢生产方法和301不锈钢及应用 | |
| KR101390612B1 (ko) | 고탄소 열연 강판의 제조 방법 | |
| CN113015818B (zh) | 高强度非磁性奥氏体不锈钢及其制造方法 | |
| KR101522077B1 (ko) | 내리징성이 우수한 페라이트계 스테인리스강 제조 방법 | |
| CN103741053A (zh) | 一种具有良好抛光性能的铁素体不锈钢及其制造方法 | |
| KR20140132423A (ko) | 린 듀플렉스 스테인리스 열연강판 제조 방법 | |
| JP2007211313A (ja) | 耐リジング性に優れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼とその製造方法 | |
| JP6359783B1 (ja) | オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼板およびその製造方法 | |
| JP4697844B2 (ja) | 微細組織を有する鋼材の製造方法 | |
| JP2012041611A (ja) | 機械的特性の安定性に優れた高強度鋼板の製造方法 | |
| CN115948694A (zh) | 一种45mm以下高性能奥氏体不锈钢板及其制造方法 | |
| JP5167314B2 (ja) | 耐リジング性に優れたフェライト系ステンレス鋼の製造方法 | |
| KR20140032061A (ko) | 후열처리를 이용한 2상 스테인리스강 제조 방법 | |
| JP2024500865A (ja) | 強度及び耐食性が向上したマルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼及びその製造方法 | |
| KR101316907B1 (ko) | 페라이트계 스테인레스강 및 그 제조방법 | |
| KR101035767B1 (ko) | 연질 열연강판 및 그 제조방법 | |
| KR101889176B1 (ko) | 크랙발생이 저감된 고강도 듀플렉스 스테인리스 강 및 그 제조방법 | |
| KR20140083166A (ko) | 페라이트계 스테인리스강 및 그 제조방법 | |
| KR101621052B1 (ko) | 페라이트계 스테인리스강 및 그 제조방법 | |
| KR20220078166A (ko) | 입계침식이 개선된 페라이트계 스테인리스강 및 그 제조방법 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20150630 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20150707 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20151007 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20151208 |
|
| A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20160308 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20160322 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20160809 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20161108 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20170425 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20170523 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 6150819 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |