JP6041269B2 - 非水系水素イオン導電性電解質層を介設した反射型調光エレクトロクロミック素子及びそれを用いた調光部材 - Google Patents
非水系水素イオン導電性電解質層を介設した反射型調光エレクトロクロミック素子及びそれを用いた調光部材 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000724 poly(L-arginine) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000083 poly(allylamine) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010011110 polyarginine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010055896 polyornithine Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002714 polyornithine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002717 polyvinylpyridine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBLZDCFTQSIIOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;perchlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC KBLZDCFTQSIIOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BSYVTEYKTMYBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1CCCO1 BSYVTEYKTMYBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
- G02F1/1523—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
- G02F1/1525—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material characterised by a particular ion transporting layer, e.g. electrolyte
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
- E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/155—Electrodes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/157—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. reflectors or illuminating devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/19—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on variable-reflection or variable-refraction elements not provided for in groups G02F1/015 - G02F1/169
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
- G02F1/1523—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
- G02F1/1524—Transition metal compounds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F2001/164—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect the electrolyte is made of polymers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
- G02F2202/34—Metal hydrides materials
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
Description
<透明基材>
本発明のエレクトロクロミック素子を構成する透明基材の材質や形状は、エレクトロクロミック素子の透明基材として機能するものであれば特に限定されない。透明基材は、透明電極層、イオン貯蔵層、非水系水素イオン導電性電解質層、触媒層、反射調光層、透明電極層を形成するベースとしての機能だけではなく、水や酸素の浸入を抑制する障壁としても機能するものが好ましい。
<透明電極層>
本発明のエレクトロクロミック素子を構成する透明電極層は、導電性材料から構成され、エレクトロクロミック素子に電圧の印加及び/又は電流を流すことによって、光学特性を制御することができる。透明電極の材料は、特に限定されるものではなく、公知の材料を用いることができる。これらの透明電極は、たとえば透明導電膜を使用する場合、表面抵抗が100Ω/□以下であることが好ましく、また、全光線透過率が70%以上の金属、酸化物、あるいは有機化合物の少なくとも一種を含むことが好ましい。特に、透明電極層としては、酸化インジウム・スズ、酸化チタン、酸化スズ、酸化亜鉛、アルミニウムドープ酸化亜鉛、酸化インジウム・ガリウム・亜鉛又は酸化ニオブあるいはこれら2種類以上の組み合わせから選ばれることが望ましい。透明電極材料はこれらに限定されるものではなく、グラフェンなどのカーボン系材料、メッシュ状の金属配線などこれらと同様の効果を有するものであれば制限なく使用することができる。
<イオン貯蔵層>
本発明のエレクトロクロミック素子を構成するイオン貯蔵層は、反射調光層の鏡状態と透過状態の切り替えに必要な水素イオンの貯蔵や、取り出しを可逆的に行う機能を有する層であり、イオン貯蔵層は、これらの機能を有するものであれば特に制限なく用いることができる。また、水素イオンを取り出したときに必要に応じて着色するものを使用することができるが、無色透明になる特性を有する材料がより好ましい。これらの構成材料としては、遷移金属酸化物が好ましく、遷移金属酸化物としては、例えば、酸化タングステン、酸化モリブデン、酸化ニオブ、酸化バナジウム等を挙げることができる。
<触媒層>
本発明のエレクトロクロミック素子を構成する触媒層は、水素イオンを反射調光層に供給/放出する出入口の機能を有する。触媒層により水素イオンの供給及び放出の速度が向上する。鏡状態と透明状態のスイッチング性が高まる触媒層の成分としては、水素イオンの透過能力の高いパラジウム、白金、銀もしくはそれらの合金系が好ましい。例えば、パラジウム合金としては、パラジウム・銀合金及びパラジウム・白金合金等が好適に用いられる。また、パラジウム合金に他成分を含有させることにより、特性の向上を図ることが可能である。
<反射調光層>
本発明のエレクトロクロミック素子を構成する反射調光層は、水素及び水素イオンを吸蔵/放出することで鏡状態と透明状態を変化させる機能を有する材料からなり、反射調光機能を有する。反射調光として層は、たとえば、マグネシウム、あるいはマグネシウムに、ニッケル、チタン、ニオブ、ジルコニウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウムのいずれか1種以上を添加したマグネシウム系合金からなるものが例示される。また、好ましくは、マグネシウム1に対してニッケルが0.1〜0.5の範囲であるマグネシウム・ニッケル系、マグネシウム1に対してチタンが0.1から0.5の範囲であるマグネシウム・チタン系、マグネシウム1に対してニオブが0.3から0.6の範囲であるマグネシウム・ニオブ系、マグネシウム1に対してジルコニウムが0.1から0.5の範囲であるマグネシウム・ジルコニウム系の合金を用いることができる。
<非水系水素イオン導電性電解質層>
本発明のエレクトロクロミック素子を構成する非水系水素イオン導電性電解質層は、原料として溶液を使用しているため簡便に塗布法にて形成可能である。非水系水素イオン導電性電解質層を形成する際、多層膜と化学反応を生じないことが重要である。非水系水素イオン導電性電解質層は非水系水素イオン導電性電解質溶液から形成され、該溶液は(A)イオン導電性高分子、(B)有機溶剤、あるいは、(A)イオン導電性高分子、(B)有機溶剤および(C)分散性・接着性発現のための添加剤を含む。非水系水素イオン電解質溶液に、さらに上記以外の種々材料が添加されていても、該電解質溶液が上記材料の組み合わせに起因する性能を有していれば、該電解質溶液を用いて形成した電解質層は、非水系水素イオン導電性電解質層と見なすことができる。
スズドープした酸化インジウムを透明電極層20としてコーティングしたガラス基板からなる透明基材10上にイオン貯蔵層30:酸化タングステンを蒸着し、その上に、固体電解質層90:酸化タンタルを反応性直流マグネトロンスパッタ法により成膜した。成膜は、アルゴンガスと酸素ガスの流量比を7:1に制御した混合雰囲気中で、真空槽内の圧力を0.7Paとし、金属タンタルターゲットに70Wのパワーを加えてスパッタリングを行った。成膜した酸化タンタル薄膜の膜厚は約200nmであった。上記固体電解質層90の酸化タンタル薄膜上に、バッファ層としてアルミニウム薄膜を直流マグネトロンスパッタ法により成膜した。雰囲気ガスはアルゴンガスを用い、真空槽内の圧力を0.6Paとし、金属アルミニウムターゲットに50Wのパワーを加えてスパッタリングを行った。成膜したアルミニウム薄膜の膜厚は約2nmであった。上記バッファ層のアルミニウム薄膜上に、触媒層40:パラジウム及び反射調光層50:マグネシウム・ニッケル合金を形成した。
(2)本発明技術による素子
一方、実施例1と同様の手順で、スズドープした酸化インジウムを透明電極層20としてコーティングしたガラス基板からなる透明基材10上にイオン貯蔵層30:酸化タングステンを蒸着し、ガラス基板からなる透明基材70上に反射調光層50:マグネシウム・ニッケル系合金/触媒層40:パラジウムの各薄膜の蒸着を、マグネトロンスパッタ法を用いて行った。
(3)特性の比較
得られた前記各々の素子を実施例1と同様に図4に示す評価装置にとりつけ、その光学的なスイッチング特性を調べた。このスイッチ素子は、初期状態は鏡状態であった。
20 透明電極層
30 イオン貯蔵層
40 触媒層
50 反射調光層
60 透明電極層
70 透明基材
80 非水系水素イオン導電性電解質溶液
90 非水系水素イオン導電性電解質層
100 ガラス用中間膜
110 ガラス
501 反射型調光エレクトロクロミック素子
502 半導体レーザー(λ=670nm)
503 Siフォトダイオード
504 デジタルマルチメータ
505 デジタルマルチメータ
506 ソースメータ
507 コンピュータ
Claims (9)
- 透明基材の上に多層膜が形成された反射型調光素子であって、少なくとも、透明電極層とイオン貯蔵層とがその上に順に形成された透明基材と、透明電極層と反射調光層と触媒層、あるいは、反射調光層と触媒層とがその上に順に形成された透明基材とが、前記イオン貯蔵層および触媒層との間に非水系水素イオン導電性電解質層が介設され多層一体化構造を有しており、
非水系水素イオン導電性電解質層は、接着固化性能を有する非水系水素イオン導電性電解質溶液から形成され、該電解質溶液が、イオン導電性高分子と有機溶媒および分散性・接着性を発現させる添加剤を含み、かつ該電解質溶液の水素イオン指数(pH)が7より大きく調節されており、
イオン導電性高分子が、ポリエチレンイミン、ポリプロピレングリコール、過硫酸アンモニウムのいずれか一種以上からなり、
有機溶媒が、テトラヒドロフラン、炭酸プロピレン、無水エタノール、1−メチル−2−ピロリドン、1,3−ジオキソラン、トルエンのいずれか一種以上からなり、
添加剤が、ポリビニルブチラール、ポリビニリデンフルオロライド、12−ヒドロシキステアリン酸、ジベンジリデンソルビトール、ポリシラン、トリイソプロパノールアミンのいずれか一種以上からなることを特徴とする反射型調光エレクトロクロミック素子。 - 透明電極層が、金属、酸化物、又は有機化合物の少なくとも一種を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の反射型調光エレクトロクロミック素子。
- 透明基材が、ガラス又は樹脂シートであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の反射型調光エレクトロクロミック素子。
- 透明電極層の上に形成されたイオン貯蔵層が、遷移金属酸化物であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の反射型調光エレクトロクロミック素子。
- 反射調光層が、マグネシウム、あるいはマグネシウムに、ニッケル、チタン、ニオブ、ジルコニウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウムのいずれか1種類以上を添加することで合金化したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の反射型調光エレクトロクロミック素子。
- 反射調光層の上に形成された触媒層が、パラジウム、白金、銀もしくはそれらの合金を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の反射型調光エレクトロクロミック素子。
- イオン貯蔵層又は反射調光層のいずれかを水素化すること、及び/又は、少くとも、非水系水素イオン導電性電解質層に水素イオンを内包させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の反射型調光エレクトロクロミック素子。
- 透明基材の上に多層膜を形成した反射型調光エレクトロクロミック素子を製造する方法であって、少なくとも、第1の透明基材上に透明電極層とイオン貯蔵層を形成するとともに第2の透明基材の上に、透明電極層と反射調光層と触媒層、あるいは、反射調光層と触媒層とを形成し、前記イオン貯蔵層および触媒層との間に非水系水素イオン導電性電解質層を形成して多層一体化することからなり、
非水系水素イオン導電性電解質層が、接着固化性能を有する非水系水素イオン導電性電解質溶液から形成され、該電解解質溶液が、イオン導電性高分子と有機溶媒および分散性・接着性を発現させる添加剤を含み、かつ該電解質溶液の水素イオン指数(pH)が7より大きく調節されており、
イオン導電性高分子が、ポリエチレンイミン、ポリプロピレングリコール、過硫酸アンモニウムのいずれか一種以上からなり、
有機溶媒が、テトラヒドロフラン、炭酸プロピレン、無水エタノール、1−メチル−2−ピロリドン、1,3−ジオキソラン、トルエンのいずれか一種以上からなり、
添加剤が、ポリビニルブチラール、ポリビニリデンフルオロライド、12−ヒドロシキステアリン酸、ジベンジリデンソルビトール、ポリシラン、トリイソプロパノールアミンのいずれか一種以上からなることを特徴とする反射型調光エレクトロクロミック素子の製造方法。 - 請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の反射型調光エレクトロクロミック素子が組み込まれたことを特徴とする調光部材。
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