JP6023712B2 - 発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料及びフェノール樹脂発泡体 - Google Patents
発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料及びフェノール樹脂発泡体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6023712B2 JP6023712B2 JP2013528027A JP2013528027A JP6023712B2 JP 6023712 B2 JP6023712 B2 JP 6023712B2 JP 2013528027 A JP2013528027 A JP 2013528027A JP 2013528027 A JP2013528027 A JP 2013528027A JP 6023712 B2 JP6023712 B2 JP 6023712B2
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- phenol resin
- mass
- molding material
- resin foam
- foam
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- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 title claims description 161
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims description 137
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- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000011134 resol-type phenolic resin Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
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- SNMVRZFUUCLYTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propyl chloride Chemical class CCCCl SNMVRZFUUCLYTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 20
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
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- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
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- B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B13/045—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
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- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
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- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
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- C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
- C08J9/0023—Use of organic additives containing oxygen
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
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Description
(2) 前記クロロプロパン類及び前記シリコーンオイルの合計量の割合が、前記液状レゾール型フェノール樹脂の100質量部当たり、5〜20質量部である前記態様(1)に記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
(3) 前記クロロプロパン類及び前記シリコーンオイルが、質量比で、クロロプロパン類:シリコーンオイル=1:1〜150:1の割合で用いられている前記態様(1)又は前記態様(2)に記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
(4) 前記クロロプロパン類が、イソプロピルクロリドである前記態様(1)乃至前記態様(3)の何れかに記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
(5) 前記液状レゾール型フェノール樹脂の100質量部当たり、前記含窒素架橋型環式化合物を0.1〜10質量部の割合で含む前記態様(1)乃至前記態様(4)の何れかに記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
(6) 前記含窒素架橋型環式化合物が、キヌクリジン、ピジン及びヘキサメチレンテトラミンの中から選ばれる少なくとも1種である前記態様(1)乃至前記態様(5)の何れかに記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
(7) 前記シリコーンオイルが、ジメチルポリシロキサン及び/又はトリメチルメトキシシランである前記態様(1)乃至前記態様(6)の何れかに記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
(8) 前記ジメチルポリシロキサンの25℃における動粘度が5mm2 /s以下である前記態様(7)に記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
(9) さらに、酸硬化剤として、アリールスルホン酸を含む前記態様(1)乃至前記態様(8)の何れかに記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
(10) さらに、整泡剤を、前記発泡剤の1質量部当たり、0.125〜1.000質量部の割合で含む前記態様(1)乃至前記態様(9)の何れかに記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
(11) 前記整泡剤が、ひまし油1モルに対して、エチレンオキシドを20モルより多く、40モル未満付加してなるひまし油エチレンオキシド付加物である前記態様(10)に記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
(12) さらに、可塑剤として、ポリエステルポリオールを含む前記態様(1)乃至前記態様(11)の何れかに記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
(13) さらに、無機フィラーとして、水酸化アルミニウム及び/又は炭酸カルシウムを含む前記態様(1)乃至前記態様(12)の何れかに記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
(14) 前記態様(1)乃至前記態様(13)の何れかに記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料を発泡硬化させて得られたフェノール樹脂発泡体。
(15) 熱伝導率が0.022W/m・K以下であり、且つ透湿係数が60ng/m2 ・s・Pa以下である前記態様(14)に記載のフェノール樹脂発泡体。
(16) 寸法変化率が2.0%以下である前記態様(14)又は前記態様(15)に記載のフェノール樹脂発泡体。
(17) pHが4.0以上で、且つ脆性が20%以下である前記態様(14)乃至前記態様(16)の何れかに記載のフェノール樹脂発泡体。
(18) 独立気泡率が85%以上であり、酸素指数が29%以上である前記態様(14)乃至前記態様(17)の何れかに記載のフェノール樹脂発泡体。
(19) 少なくとも一方の表面に、面材を設けてなる前記態様(14)乃至前記態様(17)の何れかに記載のフェノール樹脂発泡体。
(20) 前記面材が、ガラス不織布、スパンボンド不織布、アルミニウム箔張不織布、金属板、金属箔、合板、珪酸カルシウム板、せっこうボード及び木質系セメント板の中から選ばれる少なくとも1種である前記態様(19)に記載のフェノール樹脂発泡体。
JIS A 9511:2003、5.6密度に従い、測定した。
300mm角のフェノール樹脂発泡体サンプルを用い、低温板10℃、高温板30℃に設定し、JIS A 1412−2:1999の「熱流計法」に従い、熱伝導率測定装置HC−074 304(英弘精機株式会社製)を使用して測定した。なお、フェノール樹脂発泡体サンプルを70℃雰囲気に4日間放置した後の熱伝導率を、初期熱伝導率とした。
ISO 11561 Annex Bに準拠し、建築物において発生し得る最高温度を70℃とし、フェノール樹脂発泡体サンプルを70℃雰囲気に25週間放置した後の熱伝導率を、25年後の推定値として測定した。
JIS A 9511:2003、5.14「ぜい(脆)性試験」に従い、測定した。
乳鉢等で250μm(60メッシュ)以下に微粉化したフェノール樹脂発泡体サンプル0.5gを200ml共栓付き三角フラスコに量り取り、純水100mlを加え、密栓する。次いで、マグネチックスターラーを用い、室温(23±5℃)で7日間攪拌した後、フラスコ内の水溶液のpHを、pHメータで測定した。
ISO 1663:1999「硬質発泡プラスチック−水蒸気透過性の求め方」に準拠して、測定した。なお、吸湿剤の塩化カルシウムは、直径2.5〜3.5mm程度のものを使用した。
JIS K7201−2「プラスチック−酸素指数による燃焼性の試験方法−第2部:室温における試験」により、測定した。
ASTM D2856により、測定した。
JIS A 9511により、測定した。
300mm角の亜鉛鉄板(厚さ:1mm、めっき付着量:120g/m2 )の上に、同じ大きさのフェノール樹脂発泡体サンプルを載せ、ずれないようにして固定したものを試験体として、40℃、100%RHの促進環境下に設置し、24週間放置した後、亜鉛鉄板のフェノール樹脂発泡体サンプルとの接触面における腐食状態を、目視にて評価した。
JIS A 9511により、測定した。
フェノール樹脂発泡体の成形時の寸法変化を測定するために、成形後のフェノール樹脂発泡体サンプルの寸法を、JIS A 9511に従って測定し、下記式より、成形型枠寸法に対する収縮した長さの割合を100分率で算出した。サンプルの厚さ、幅及び長さを測定し、それらの各々について寸法変化率を算出した後、得られた3つの寸法変化率の平均値を寸法変化率とした。
(寸法変化率)
={(成形型枠寸法)−(サンプル寸法)}÷(成形型枠寸法)
×100(%)
還流器、温度計、攪拌機を備えた三つ口反応フラスコ内に、フェノール2000g、47質量%ホルマリン2675g及び50質量%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液52.0gを仕込み、80℃で90分間反応を行った。次いで、40℃に冷却した後、50質量%パラトルエンスルホン酸水溶液で中和し、減圧・加熱下において、水分率9質量%まで脱水濃縮して、液状レゾール型フェノール樹脂を得た。この得られた液状レゾール型フェノール樹脂は、粘度30000mPa・s/25℃、水分率9質量%、数平均分子量400、遊離フェノール3.4質量%であった。
実施例1において、更に、無機フィラーとして炭酸カルシウムの2質量部を加え、また硬化剤を18質量部に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、フェノール樹脂発泡体を作製した。そして、この得られたフェノール樹脂発泡体の物性を、表1及び表2に示す。
実施例2におけるイソプロピルクロリドの量を8.0質量部、ジメチルポリシロキサンの量を0.2質量部に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様にして、フェノール樹脂発泡体を作製した。そして、この得られたフェノール樹脂発泡体の物性を、表1及び表2に示す。
実施例2におけるイソプロピルクロリドの量を8.0質量部、ジメチルポリシロキサンの量を0.8質量部に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様にして、フェノール樹脂発泡体を作製した。そして、この得られたフェノール樹脂発泡体の物性を、表1及び表2に示す。
実施例2におけるイソプロピルクロリドの量を8.0質量部、ジメチルポリシロキサンの量を3.0質量部に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様にして、フェノール樹脂発泡体を作製した。そして、この得られたフェノール樹脂発泡体の物性を、表1及び表2に示す。
実施例2におけるイソプロピルクロリドの量を6.0質量部、ジメチルポリシロキサンの量を0.2質量部に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様にして、フェノール樹脂発泡体を作製した。そして、この得られたフェノール樹脂発泡体の物性を、表1及び表2に示す。
実施例2におけるイソプロピルクロリドの量を6.0質量部、ジメチルポリシロキサンの量を1.0質量部に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様にして、フェノール樹脂発泡体を作製した。そして、この得られたフェノール樹脂発泡体の物性を、表1及び表2に示す。
実施例2におけるイソプロピルクロリドの量を6.0質量部、ジメチルポリシロキサンの量を2.0質量部に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様にして、フェノール樹脂発泡体を作製した。そして、この得られたフェノール樹脂発泡体の物性を、表1及び表2に示す。
実施例2におけるイソプロピルクロリドの量を10.0質量部、ジメチルポリシロキサンの量を0.6質量部に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様にして、フェノール樹脂発泡体を作製した。そして、この得られたフェノール樹脂発泡体の物性を、表1及び表2に示す。
実施例2におけるイソプロピルクロリドの量を10.0質量部、ジメチルポリシロキサンの量を1.0質量部に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様にして、フェノール樹脂発泡体を作製した。そして、この得られたフェノール樹脂発泡体の物性を、表1及び表2に示す。
実施例2におけるイソプロピルクロリドの量を10.0質量部、ジメチルポリシロキサンの量を3.0質量部に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様にして、フェノール樹脂発泡体を作製した。そして、この得られたフェノール樹脂発泡体の物性を、表1及び表2に示す。
実施例2における発泡剤を、イソプロピルクロリド:イソペンタン=85:15の混合物に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様にして、フェノール樹脂発泡体を作製した。そして、この得られたフェノール樹脂発泡体の物性を、表1及び表2に示す。
実施例2における硬化剤を、キシレンスルホン酸のみに変更した以外は、実施例2と同様にして、フェノール樹脂発泡体を作製した。そして、この得られたフェノール樹脂発泡体の物性を、表1及び表2に示す。
実施例2におけるシリコーンオイルを、25℃における動粘度が2.0mm2 /sであるジメチルポリシロキサン(商品名:KF−96L−2cs、信越化学工業株式会社製)に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様にして、フェノール樹脂発泡体を作製した。そして、この得られたフェノール樹脂発泡体の物性を、表1及び表2に示す。
実施例2におけるシリコーンオイルを、25℃における動粘度が5.0mm2 /sであるジメチルポリシロキサン(商品名:KF−96L−5cs、信越化学工業株式会社製)に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様にして、フェノール樹脂発泡体を作製した。そして、この得られたフェノール樹脂発泡体の物性を、表1及び表2に示す。
シリコーンオイルを添加しなかったこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、フェノール樹脂発泡体を作製した。そして、この得られたフェノール樹脂発泡体の物性を、表1及び表2に示す。
実施例1における硬化剤を、パラトルエンスルホン酸とキシレンスルホン酸との、質量比=2:1の混合物16質量部とし、発泡剤をイソペンタンに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、フェノール樹脂発泡体を作製した。そして、この得られたフェノール樹脂発泡体の物性を、表1及び表2に示す。
実施例1における硬化剤を、パラトルエンスルホン酸とキシレンスルホン酸との、質量比=2:1の混合物16質量部とし、発泡剤をイソペンタンに変更し、シリコーンオイルを添加しなかった以外は、実施例1と同様にして、フェノール樹脂発泡体を作製した。そして、この得られたフェノール樹脂発泡体の物性を、表1及び表2に示す。
Claims (20)
- 少なくとも液状レゾール型フェノール樹脂、発泡剤及び酸硬化剤を含み、更に添加剤として、含窒素架橋型環式化合物と、ジメチルポリシロキサンからなるシリコーンオイルとを含むと共に、前記発泡剤として、クロロプロパン類を含むことを特徴とする発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
- 前記クロロプロパン類及び前記シリコーンオイルの合計量の割合が、前記液状レゾール型フェノール樹脂の100質量部当たり、5〜20質量部である請求項1に記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
- 前記クロロプロパン類及び前記シリコーンオイルが、質量比で、クロロプロパン類:シリコーンオイル=1:1〜150:1の割合で用いられている請求項1又は請求項2に記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
- 前記クロロプロパン類が、イソプロピルクロリドである請求項1乃至請求項3の何れか1項に記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
- 前記液状レゾール型フェノール樹脂の100質量部当たり、前記含窒素架橋型環式化合物を0.1〜10質量部の割合で含む請求項1乃至請求項4の何れか1項に記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
- 前記含窒素架橋型環式化合物が、キヌクリジン、ピジン及びヘキサメチレンテトラミンの中から選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項1乃至請求項5の何れか1項に記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
- 前記発泡剤が、前記液状レゾール型フェノール樹脂の100質量部に対して、5〜15質量部の割合において用いられると共に、該発泡剤に対するクロロプロパン類の割合が、50〜100質量%である請求項1乃至請求項6の何れか1項に記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
- 前記ジメチルポリシロキサンの25℃における動粘度が5mm2 /s以下である請求項1乃至請求項7の何れか1項に記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
- さらに、酸硬化剤として、アリールスルホン酸を含む請求項1乃至請求項8の何れか1項に記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
- さらに、整泡剤を、前記発泡剤の1質量部当たり、0.125〜1.000質量部の割合で含む請求項1乃至請求項9の何れか1項に記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
- 前記整泡剤が、ひまし油1モルに対して、エチレンオキシドを20モルより多く、40モル未満付加してなるひまし油エチレンオキシド付加物である請求項10に記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
- さらに、可塑剤として、ポリエステルポリオールを含む請求項1乃至請求項11の何れか1項に記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
- さらに、無機フィラーとして、水酸化アルミニウム及び/又は炭酸カルシウムを含む請求項1乃至請求項12の何れか1項に記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料。
- 請求項1乃至請求項13の何れか1項に記載の発泡性レゾール型フェノール樹脂成形材料を発泡硬化させて得られたフェノール樹脂発泡体。
- 熱伝導率が0.022W/m・K以下であり、且つ透湿係数が60ng/m2 ・s・Pa以下である請求項14に記載のフェノール樹脂発泡体。
- 寸法変化率が2.0%以下である請求項14又は請求項15に記載のフェノール樹脂発泡体。
- pHが4.0以上で、且つ脆性が20%以下である請求項14乃至請求項16の何れか1項に記載のフェノール樹脂発泡体。
- 独立気泡率が85%以上であり、酸素指数が29%以上である請求項14乃至請求項17の何れか1項に記載のフェノール樹脂発泡体。
- 少なくとも一方の表面に、面材を設けてなる請求項14乃至請求項18の何れか1項に記載のフェノール樹脂発泡体。
- 前記面材が、ガラス不織布、スパンボンド不織布、アルミニウム箔張不織布、金属板、金属箔、合板、珪酸カルシウム板、せっこうボード及び木質系セメント板の中から選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項19に記載のフェノール樹脂発泡体。
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