JP6012723B2 - 銅めっきする方法 - Google Patents
銅めっきする方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6012723B2 JP6012723B2 JP2014516238A JP2014516238A JP6012723B2 JP 6012723 B2 JP6012723 B2 JP 6012723B2 JP 2014516238 A JP2014516238 A JP 2014516238A JP 2014516238 A JP2014516238 A JP 2014516238A JP 6012723 B2 JP6012723 B2 JP 6012723B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- copper plating
- copper
- substrate
- acid
- leveler
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims description 100
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 99
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 98
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 title claims description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- RILZRCJGXSFXNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]ethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CC=C(OC(F)(F)F)C=C1 RILZRCJGXSFXNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003536 tetrazoles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 nitrogen-containing organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 9
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000879 optical micrograph Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 5
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 4
- JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epsilon-caprolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCN1 JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001521 polyalkylene glycol ether Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001522 polyglycol ester Polymers 0.000 description 4
- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioglycolic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ODDAWJGQWOGBCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(dimethylazaniumyl)ethyl]tetrazole-5-thiolate Chemical compound CN(C)CCN1N=NN=C1S ODDAWJGQWOGBCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SQHWUYVHKRVCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n,2-n-dimethyl-10-phenylphenazin-10-ium-2,8-diamine;chloride Chemical class [Cl-].C12=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C2N=C2C=CC(N)=CC2=[N+]1C1=CC=CC=C1 SQHWUYVHKRVCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OBDVFOBWBHMJDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CCCS OBDVFOBWBHMJDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LUENVHHLGFLMFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-sulfophenyl)disulfanyl]benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C1SSC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 LUENVHHLGFLMFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQBNRZKAPZFOKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N CN(CCN1N=CC=C1S)C Chemical compound CN(CCN1N=CC=C1S)C QQBNRZKAPZFOKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- XXACTDWGHQXLGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Janus Green B chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C12=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2N=C2C=CC(\N=N\C=3C=CC(=CC=3)N(C)C)=CC2=[N+]1C1=CC=CC=C1 XXACTDWGHQXLGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N L-Cysteine Chemical compound SC[C@H](N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000463 Poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(propylene glycol)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BDFZFGDTHFGWRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N basic brown 1 Chemical compound NC1=CC(N)=CC=C1N=NC1=CC=CC(N=NC=2C(=CC(N)=CC=2)N)=C1 BDFZFGDTHFGWRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000018417 cysteine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteine Natural products SCC(N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HRMOLDWRTCFZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium 5-acetamido-3-[(4-acetamidophenyl)diazenyl]-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=C(C(=CC2=CC(=CC(=C12)NC(C)=O)S(=O)(=O)[O-])S(=O)(=O)[O-])N=NC1=CC=C(C=C1)NC(C)=O.[Na+] HRMOLDWRTCFZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000002019 disulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005077 polysulfide Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001021 polysulfide Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000008117 polysulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol Substances CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEPOHXYIFQMVHW-XOZOLZJESA-N 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid (2S,3S)-3,4-dimethyl-2-phenylmorpholine Chemical compound OC(C(O)C(O)=O)C(O)=O.C[C@H]1[C@@H](OCCN1C)c1ccccc1 VEPOHXYIFQMVHW-XOZOLZJESA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZUUZPAYWFIBDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-amino-1,2-dihydro-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione Chemical compound NC1=NNC(S)=N1 WZUUZPAYWFIBDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BXDMTLVCACMNJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-amino-1,3-dihydrobenzimidazole-2-thione Chemical compound NC1=CC=C2NC(S)=NC2=C1 BXDMTLVCACMNJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRLMMJNORORYPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione Chemical compound N1C(S)=NC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 JRLMMJNORORYPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRFHUGVVCVMYFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CN(C)CCn1nncc1S Chemical compound CN(C)CCn1nncc1S FRFHUGVVCVMYFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Natural products C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940045714 alkyl sulfonate alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000987 azo dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- BSXVKCJAIJZTAV-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;methanesulfonate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O BSXVKCJAIJZTAV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- WIYCQLLGDNXIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;3-(3-sulfonatopropyldisulfanyl)propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)CCCSSCCCS([O-])(=O)=O WIYCQLLGDNXIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 229940068886 polyethylene glycol 300 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/38—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
- C25D7/12—Semiconductors
- C25D7/123—Semiconductors first coated with a seed layer or a conductive layer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
- H01L21/288—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a liquid, e.g. electrolytic deposition
- H01L21/2885—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a liquid, e.g. electrolytic deposition using an external electrical current, i.e. electro-deposition
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76898—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics formed through a semiconductor substrate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/40—Forming printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
- H05K3/42—Plated through-holes or plated via connections
- H05K3/423—Plated through-holes or plated via connections characterised by electroplating method
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/07—Treatments involving liquids, e.g. plating, rinsing
- H05K2203/0703—Plating
- H05K2203/0733—Method for plating stud vias, i.e. massive vias formed by plating the bottom of a hole without plating on the walls
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/18—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material
- H05K3/181—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material by electroless plating
- H05K3/187—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using precipitation techniques to apply the conductive material by electroless plating means therefor, e.g. baths, apparatus
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Electrodes Of Semiconductors (AREA)
- Internal Circuitry In Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Devices (AREA)
Description
銅めっき用の前処理組成物及び銅の電解析出用の水性の酸性めっき浴は、プリント回路基板及びIC基板の製造に使用され、その際に、トレンチ、スルーホール(TH)、ブラインドマイクロビア(BMV)及びピラーバンプのような微細構造が、銅を用いて、充填されるか又はビルドアップする必要がある。銅のそのような電解析出のその他の用途は、半導体基板中及び半導体基板上での、リセス構造、例えばシリコン貫通ビア(TSV)のフィリング又は再配線層(RDL)及びピラーバンプの形成である。
ゆえに、本発明の課題は、TSVフィリング、再配線層の析出又はピラーバンプ形成のような、プリント回路基板及びIC基板製造並びに半導体基板のメタライゼーションの分野における前記の用途のための要件を満たす、銅の電解析出のための前処理組成物及び/又は水性の銅の酸性めっき浴を提供することである。
この課題は、めっき浴中で銅めっきする方法により解決され、その際に、該基板を、レベラー添加剤と、銅めっき前及び/又は銅めっき中に接触させ、かつ該レベラー添加剤が、式(I)による分子から選択される:
装置:容積1.8lを有するGarnellセル、ポンプを有する浴撹拌、空気注入なし、可溶性銅アノード。
0.3mg/lの濃度の3−アミノ−5−メルカプト−1,2,4−トリアゾールを、該レベラー添加剤として、該水性の酸性めっき浴に添加した。銅めっき後のBMVの断面を光学顕微鏡で調べた。前記レベラー添加剤のBMVフィリング特性は十分ではない(図1)。
0.3mg/lの濃度の5−フェニル−1H−1,2,4−トリアゾール−3−チオール(EP 1 069 211 A2)を、該レベラー添加剤として添加した。銅めっき後のBMVの断面を光学顕微鏡で調べた。前記レベラー添加剤のBMVフィリング特性は不十分である。
0.3mg/lの濃度の4−アミノ−5−(4´−ピリジル)−4H−1,2,4−トリアゾール−3−チオール(EP 1 069 211 A2)を、該レベラー添加剤として添加した。銅めっき後のBMVの断面を光学顕微鏡で調べた。前記レベラー添加剤のBMVフィリング特性は不十分である。
0.3mg/lの濃度の1−[2−(ジメチルアミノ)エチル]−1H−テトラゾール−5−チオールを、該レベラー添加剤として、該めっき浴に添加した。銅めっき後のBMVの断面を光学顕微鏡で調べた。前記レベラー添加剤のBMVフィリング特性は十分である(図2)。
0.3mg/lの濃度の1−[2−(ジメチルアミノ)エチル]−トリアゾール−5−チオールを、該レベラー添加剤として、該めっき浴に添加した。銅めっき後のBMVの断面を光学顕微鏡で調べた。前記レベラー添加剤のBMVフィリング特性は十分である。
0.3mg/lの濃度の1−[2−(ジメチルアミノ)エチル]−ジアゾール−5−チオールを、該レベラー添加剤として、該めっき浴に添加した。銅めっき後のBMVの断面を光学顕微鏡で調べた。前記レベラー添加剤のBMVフィリング特性は十分である。
20×100μmの寸法を有するTSV構造を有するシリコン基板を、最初に脱イオン水中に浸漬し、次いで例7〜10による水性前処理組成物中に10分間浸漬し、脱イオン水ですすぎ、次いで電解銅めっきにかけた。
めっき装置:Nexxめっきツール。
該シリコン基板を、銅めっき前に、アクセラレータ−ブライトナー添加剤としてビス−(ω−スルホプロピル)−ジスルフィド4mg/lからなり、かつレベラー添加剤なしの水性前処理組成物中に10分間浸漬した。銅めっき後の切断した断面のTSVの顕微鏡写真は、大きなボイドを示す(図3)。
該シリコン基板を、式(I)による分子ではないレベラー添加剤50mg/l及びアクセラレータ−ブライトナー添加剤としてビス−(ω−スルホプロピル)−ジスルフィド4mg/lからなる水性前処理組成物中に10分間浸漬し、水ですすぎ、次いで銅めっきにかけた。銅めっき後の切断した断面のTSVの顕微鏡写真はディンプルを示す。従って、該ビアフィリングは不十分である(図4)。
該シリコン基板を、式(I)によるレベラー添加剤として1−[2−(ジメチルアミノ)エチル]−1H−テトラゾール−5−チオール50mg/l及びアクセラレータ−ブライトナー添加剤としてビス−(ω−スルホプロピル)−ジスルフィド4mg/lを含んでなる前処理組成物中に10分間浸漬し、水ですすぎ、次いで銅めっきにかけた。銅めっき後の切断した断面のTSVの顕微鏡写真はボイドフリーであり、かつ該ビアフィリングは十分である(図5)。
該シリコン基板を、レベラー添加剤として1−[2−(ジメチルアミノ)エチル]−ジアゾール−5−チオール50mg/l及びアクセラレータ−ブライトナー添加剤としてビス−(ω−スルホプロピル)−ジスルフィド4mg/lからなる水性前処理組成物中に10分間浸漬し、水ですすぎ、次いで銅めっきにかけた。銅めっき後の切断した断面のTSVの顕微鏡写真はボイドフリーであり、かつ該ビアフィリングは十分である(図6)。
無電解銅の層でコーティングしたブラインドマイクロビア(直径:85μm、深さ:50μm)を含んでなる基板を、レベラー添加剤として1−[2−(ジメチルアミノ)エチル]−テトラゾール−5−チオール50mg/l、アクセラレータ−ブライトナー添加剤としてビス−(ω−スルホプロピル)−ジスルフィド4mg/l及び硫酸からなる水性前処理組成物中に10分間浸漬し、水ですすぎ、次いで、例7〜10に記載されたのと同じ銅めっき浴組成物を用いて銅めっきにかけた。適用された電流密度は1.0A/dm2であった。銅めっき後の切断した断面のBMVの顕微鏡写真は、ボイドフリーであり、3.4μmのディンプル及び7.1μmの該基板表面の頂部での銅層厚を示す(図7)。従って、十分なBMVフィリングのための要件が達成される。
Claims (5)
- 銅を用いて、プリント回路基板又はIC基板中の微細構造を充填するため、あるいはリセス構造を充填するための、めっき浴中で銅めっきする方法であって、
該基板を、銅めっき前及び/又は銅めっき中にレベラー添加剤と接触させ、かつ該レベラー添加剤が、式(I)
nは、1〜3にわたり;
R1及びR2は、水素及び線状及び分枝鎖状のC1〜C4アルキルから独立して選択され、
R3は、水素、線状及び分枝鎖状のC1〜C4アルキル、リチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム及びアンモニウムから選択され;
Aは、非置換トリアゾール及び非置換テトラゾールから選択されるヘテロ環部分である]による分子から選択される、銅めっきする方法。 - (A)該基板を、
(i)少なくとも1種の銅イオン源、
(ii)少なくとも1種の酸及び
(iii)式(I)による少なくとも1種のレベラー添加剤
を含んでなる水性の酸性銅めっき浴と接触させる工程
及び
(B)電流を該基板に適用する工程
を含んでなる、請求項1記載の銅めっきする方法。 - (A1)該基板を、
(i)少なくとも1種の酸及び
(ii)式(I)による少なくとも1種のレベラー添加剤
を含んでなる水性前処理組成物と接触させる工程、
(A2)該基板を、水性の酸性銅めっき浴と接触させる工程及び
(B)電流を該基板に適用する工程
を含んでなる、請求項1記載の銅めっきする方法。 - 式(I)によるレベラー添加剤の濃度が、0.001〜100mg/lにわたる、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項記載の銅めっきする方法。
- 少なくとも1種の該酸が、硫酸、フルオロホウ酸、リン酸及びメタンスルホン酸を含んでなる群から選択される、請求項2から4までのいずれか1項記載の銅めっきする方法。
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EP11171055A EP2537962A1 (en) | 2011-06-22 | 2011-06-22 | Method for copper plating |
PCT/EP2012/058377 WO2012175249A1 (en) | 2011-06-22 | 2012-05-07 | Method for copper plating |
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WO2012175249A1 (en) | 2012-12-27 |
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