JP5982400B2 - 2,2−ジフルオロ−1−クロロエタンとアンモニアから2,2−ジフルオロエチルアミンを製造する方法 - Google Patents
2,2−ジフルオロ−1−クロロエタンとアンモニアから2,2−ジフルオロエチルアミンを製造する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5982400B2 JP5982400B2 JP2013548813A JP2013548813A JP5982400B2 JP 5982400 B2 JP5982400 B2 JP 5982400B2 JP 2013548813 A JP2013548813 A JP 2013548813A JP 2013548813 A JP2013548813 A JP 2013548813A JP 5982400 B2 JP5982400 B2 JP 5982400B2
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 61
- OVRWUZYZECPJOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-difluoroethanamine Chemical compound NCC(F)F OVRWUZYZECPJOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 29
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 28
- ATEBGNALLCMSGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)CCl ATEBGNALLCMSGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 75
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 tetraalkylphosphonium halide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000005207 tetraalkylammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- YTBDMLNQYFMNLE-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrakis(dipropylamino)phosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCN(CCC)[P+](N(CCC)CCC)(N(CCC)CCC)N(CCC)CCC YTBDMLNQYFMNLE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001513 alkali metal bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001516 alkali metal iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bromide Chemical compound [NH4+].[Br-] SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GQSNYNMMDQPIDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrakis(diethylamino)phosphanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCN(CC)[P+](N(CC)CC)(N(CC)CC)N(CC)CC GQSNYNMMDQPIDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- XPHZKRUTPDDXGG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrakis(dipropylamino)phosphanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCN(CCC)[P+](N(CCC)CCC)(N(CCC)CCC)N(CCC)CCC XPHZKRUTPDDXGG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- XZXYQEHISUMZAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)methyl]-4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C(CC=2C(=CC=C(C)C=2)O)=C1 XZXYQEHISUMZAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940107816 ammonium iodide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- NSKNBWRGASENRY-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrakis(dimethylamino)phosphanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CN(C)[P+](N(C)C)(N(C)C)N(C)C NSKNBWRGASENRY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- WWJQKZDYRNFNCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M [Br-].N[CH2+] Chemical compound [Br-].N[CH2+] WWJQKZDYRNFNCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 10
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 3
- BRKFQVAOMSWFDU-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraphenylphosphanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C1=CC=CC=C1[P+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 BRKFQVAOMSWFDU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromomethane Chemical compound BrC GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004508 fractional distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphonium Chemical compound [PH4+] XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVYROUWXXSWCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)CBr JVYROUWXXSWCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MCNLQNABVQGPBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N FC(C)F.[Br] Chemical compound FC(C)F.[Br] MCNLQNABVQGPBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWLTWXPAPUJXOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M [dimethylamino-[(1,3-dimethylimidazolidin-2-ylidene)amino]methylidene]-dimethylazanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CN(C)[C+](N(C)C)N=C1N(C)CCN1C ZWLTWXPAPUJXOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RHYZSBMBDKPEBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,2-difluoroethanamine Chemical compound CC(O)=O.NCC(F)F RHYZSBMBDKPEBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001347 alkyl bromides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- RDHPKYGYEGBMSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromoethane Chemical compound CCBr RDHPKYGYEGBMSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QWFVUUOLQRCUTE-UHFFFAOYSA-M carbanylium bromide Chemical compound [CH3+].[Br-] QWFVUUOLQRCUTE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethane Chemical compound CCCl HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000012839 conversion disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003750 ethyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- HVTICUPFWKNHNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodoethane Chemical compound CCI HVTICUPFWKNHNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010327 methods by industry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940102396 methyl bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PMOIAJVKYNVHQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanium;bromide Chemical compound [PH4+].[Br-] PMOIAJVKYNVHQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- RKHXQBLJXBGEKF-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylphosphanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC RKHXQBLJXBGEKF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UQFSVBXCNGCBBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylammonium iodide Chemical compound [I-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC UQFSVBXCNGCBBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QVBRLOSUBRKEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraoctylphosphanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCC[P+](CCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC QVBRLOSUBRKEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WAGFXJQAIZNSEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraphenylphosphonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC=CC=C1[P+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 WAGFXJQAIZNSEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SQJHGFAFGULDEC-UHFFFAOYSA-M tributyl(octadecyl)phosphanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC SQJHGFAFGULDEC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GKIRPKYJQBWNGO-QPLCGJKRSA-N zuclomifene Chemical compound C1=CC(OCCN(CC)CC)=CC=C1C(\C=1C=CC=CC=1)=C(/Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1 GKIRPKYJQBWNGO-QPLCGJKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/04—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups
- C07C209/06—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of halogen atoms
- C07C209/08—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of halogen atoms with formation of amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/24—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by reductive alkylation of ammonia, amines or compounds having groups reducible to amino groups, with carbonyl compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/02—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the alkali- or alkaline earth metals or beryllium
- B01J23/04—Alkali metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C211/00—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C211/01—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C211/02—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
- C07C211/15—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being further substituted by halogen atoms or by nitro or nitroso groups
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/54—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Description
(i) 圧力安定な密閉反応容器の中で、10バール〜180バールの範囲内の圧力下(好ましくは、30バール〜155バールの範囲内の圧力下)で、2,2−ジフルオロ−1−クロロエタンと気体アンモニア又は液体アンモニア又は超臨界アンモニアを混合させる段階;
(ii) 前記反応混合物を、80℃〜200℃の範囲内の反応温度(好ましくは、100℃〜170℃の範囲内の反応温度)で、反応させる段階;
(iii) 前記反応混合物を減圧し、2,2−ジフルオロエチルアミンを単離する段階;
を含んでいる。
好ましい触媒は、臭化ナトリウム、臭化カリウム、ヨウ化ナトリウム、ヨウ化カリウム、臭化テトラブチルアンモニウム又は臭化テトラフェニルホスホニウムであり、ヨウ化ナトリウム又はヨウ化カリウムが特に好ましい。
実施例1 − バッチ式調製方法
215g(2.10mol)の2,2−ジフルオロ−1−クロロエタン及び2.38gの臭化カリウムをオートクレーブに装入し、136gのアンモニア(無水)と混合させる。2,2−ジフルオロ−1−クロロエタンとアンモニアのモル比は1:4である。その反応混合物を加熱して140〜145℃とし、その温度で9時間撹拌する。反応の経過中に、圧力は、約50バールから約35バールまで低下する。その反応混合物を0℃まで冷却し、1時間かけて減圧させる。それを、全ての塩が溶解するまで、400gのN−メチルピロリドン(NMP)及び水と混合させる。定量的なGC分析(外部標準)によれば、導入された2,2−ジフルオロ−1−クロロエタンに基づいて、化学収率59%の2,2−ジフルオロエチルアミンが得られる。
ある量の2,2−ジフルオロ−1−クロロエタン(98%製品)を受け器1の中に導入した。受け器1は、高圧ポンプに連結されている。無水NH3を含んでいるアンモニアガスボトルを受け器2として別の高圧ポンプに連結した。その2つの受け器を静的混合機を有する容積10mL(混合ゾーン)の予備的な熱的調節区域(室温)で連結し、そして、この区域の排出口ダクトに連結した。それは、容積57.2cm3(反応ゾーン)及び表面積対容積比18cm2/cm3(155℃)を有する熱的に調節可能な滞留要素であった。滞留区域の出口には、空気圧で調節されるKammerバルブが取り付けられていた。そのKammerバルブによって、反応器内部の圧力を一定の155バールに維持することが可能であり、及び、同時に、減圧して下流の相分離器の中に装入することが可能であった。受け器1から、2,2−ジフルオロ−1−クロロエタンを体積流量0.16mL/分で、及び、受け器2から、アンモニアを体積流量1.28mL/分で、ポンプで連続的に反応器の中に給送した。混合ゾーン内の反応混合物の滞留時間は7分間であり、反応ゾーン内の滞留時間は40分であった。反応は、HPLCでモニターした。
Claims (7)
- 2,2−ジフルオロエチルアミンを調製する方法であって、以下の:
(i) 圧力安定な密閉反応容器の中で、10バール〜180バールの範囲内の圧力下で、2,2−ジフルオロ−1−クロロエタンと気体アンモニア又は液体アンモニア又は超臨界アンモニアを混合させる段階;
(ii) 前記反応混合物を、80℃〜200℃の範囲内の反応温度で、反応させる段階;
(iii) 前記反応混合物を減圧し、2,2−ジフルオロエチルアミンを単離する段階;
を含み、
前記方法は溶媒無しで実施される、前記調製方法。 - 段階(i)において、臭化アルカリ金属、ヨウ化アルカリ金属、臭化アンモニウム、ヨウ化アンモニウム、臭化テトラアルキルアンモニウム、ヨウ化テトラアルキルアンモニウム、ハロゲン化テトラアルキルホスホニウム、ハロゲン化テトラアリールホスホニウム、テトラキス(ジメチルアミノ)ホスホニウムブロミド、テトラキス(ジエチルアミノ)ホスホニウムブロミド、テトラキス(ジプロピルアミノ)ホスホニウムブロミド及びテトラキス(ジプロピルアミノ)ホスホニウムクロリド並びにビス(ジメチルアミノ)[(1,3−ジメチルイミダゾリジン−2−イリデン)アミノ]メチリウムブロミドからなる群か
ら選択される触媒がさらに存在している、請求項1に記載の調製方法。 - 段階(i)において、2,2−ジフルオロ−1−クロロエタンとアンモニアの添加が連続的に実施され、及び、混合させるために静的混合機が使用される、請求項1又は2に記載の調製方法。
- 完全に連続的に実施される、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の調製方法。
- 静的混合機を含む第1のゾーンであって、段階(i)が当該第1のゾーンで実施される、前記第1のゾーンと、
第2のゾーンであって、段階(ii)が当該第2のゾーン(反応ゾーン)で実施される、前記第2のゾーンと、
前記反応ゾーンの末端に又は前記反応ゾーンの後にある付加的なゾーンであって、当該付加的なゾーンの中で反応圧力が低減される、前記付加的なゾーンと、
を含む熱的に調節可能な流通反応器が反応容器として使用される請求項4に記載の調製方法。 - 前記第2のゾーン(即ち、反応ゾーン)における2,2−ジフルオロ−1−クロロエタンとアンモニアの滞留時間が20秒〜400分の範囲内である、請求項4に記載の調製方法。
- 前記流通反応器の中に計測器又は測定用プローブが存在している、請求項5又は6に記載の調製方法。
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