JP5960305B2 - 圧電セラミックス、その製造方法、圧電素子、積層圧電素子、液体吐出ヘッド、液体吐出装置、超音波モータ、光学機器、振動装置、塵埃除去装置、撮像装置および電子機器 - Google Patents
圧電セラミックス、その製造方法、圧電素子、積層圧電素子、液体吐出ヘッド、液体吐出装置、超音波モータ、光学機器、振動装置、塵埃除去装置、撮像装置および電子機器 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5960305B2 JP5960305B2 JP2015014495A JP2015014495A JP5960305B2 JP 5960305 B2 JP5960305 B2 JP 5960305B2 JP 2015014495 A JP2015014495 A JP 2015014495A JP 2015014495 A JP2015014495 A JP 2015014495A JP 5960305 B2 JP5960305 B2 JP 5960305B2
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- piezoelectric element
- piezoelectric
- piezoelectric ceramic
- electrode
- laminated
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims description 167
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 73
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 57
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- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
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- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 72
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 71
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 43
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 31
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 23
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
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- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- UYLYBEXRJGPQSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;oxido(dioxo)niobium Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][Nb](=O)=O UYLYBEXRJGPQSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 11
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010897 surface acoustic wave method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007088 Archimedes method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001479 atomic absorption spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium nitrate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O IWOUKMZUPDVPGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
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- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- -1 copper oxide (I) Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- LBJNMUFDOHXDFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cu].[Cu] LBJNMUFDOHXDFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005749 Copper compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005343 Curie-Weiss law Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001651 Cyanoacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWCLLHOVUTZFKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl cyanoacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(=C)C#N MWCLLHOVUTZFKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004430 X-ray Raman scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ITHZDDVSAWDQPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium acetate Chemical compound [Ba+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O ITHZDDVSAWDQPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GXUARMXARIJAFV-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium oxalate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O GXUARMXARIJAFV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940094800 barium oxalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229940116318 copper carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001880 copper compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;carbonate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C([O-])=O GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QYCVHILLJSYYBD-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;oxalate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O QYCVHILLJSYYBD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002999 depolarising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- MIMDHDXOBDPUQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl decanedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCC MIMDHDXOBDPUQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002003 electron diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- NVDNLVYQHRUYJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(iv) carbide Chemical compound [Hf+]#[C-] NVDNLVYQHRUYJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009768 microwave sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ORQBXQOJMQIAOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nobelium Chemical compound [No] ORQBXQOJMQIAOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000879 optical micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012916 structural analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004846 x-ray emission Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N30/00—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices
- H10N30/80—Constructional details
- H10N30/85—Piezoelectric or electrostrictive active materials
- H10N30/853—Ceramic compositions
- H10N30/8542—Alkali metal based oxides, e.g. lithium, sodium or potassium niobates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
- B05B17/04—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
- B05B17/06—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations
- B05B17/0607—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
- B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
- B06B1/0611—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements in a pile
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Description
一般式(1) (NaxBa1−y)(NbyTi1−y)O3(式中、0.85≦x≦0.92、0.85≦y≦0.92、0.95≦x/y≦1.05を示す。)
一般式(1) (NaxBa1−y)(NbyTi1−y)O3(式中、0.85≦x≦0.92、0.85≦y≦0.92、0.95≦x/y≦1.05を示す。)
次に、本発明の圧電素子について説明する。
前記圧電素子は一定方向に分極軸が揃っているものであると、より好ましい。分極軸が一定方向に揃っていることで前記圧電素子の圧電定数は大きくなる。
前記圧電素子の圧電定数および機械的品質係数は、市販のインピーダンスアナライザを用いて得られる共振周波数及び反共振周波数の測定結果から、電子情報技術産業協会規格(JEITA EM−4501)に基づいて、計算により求めることができる。以下、この方法を共振−反共振法と呼ぶ。
次に、本発明の積層圧電素子について説明する。
本発明に係る積層圧電素子の製造方法は、特に限定されないが、以下にその作製方法を例示する。一例として、まず、少なくともNa、Nb,Ba、Ti、およびMgを含んだ金属化合物粉体を分散させてスラリーを得る工程(A)と、前記スラリーを基材上に設置し成形体を得る工程(B)を実行する。その後に、前記成形体に電極を形成する工程(C)と前記電極が形成された成形体を焼結して、積層圧電素子を得る工程(D)を実行する方法を説明する。
次に、本発明の液体吐出ヘッドについて説明する。
次に、本発明の液体吐出装置について説明する。本発明の液体吐出装置は、被転写体の載置部と前記液体吐出ヘッドを備えたことを特徴とする。
次に、本発明の超音波モータについて説明する。本発明に係る超音波モータは、前記圧電素子または前記積層圧電素子を配した振動体と、前記振動体と接触する移動体とを少なくとも有することを特徴とする。
次に、本発明の光学機器について説明する。本発明の光学機器は、駆動部に前記超音波モータを備えたことを特徴とする。
粒子、粉体、液体の搬送、除去等で利用される振動装置は、電子機器等で広く使用されている。以下、本発明の振動装置の一つの例として、本発明の圧電素子を用いた塵埃除去装置について説明する。
次に、本発明の撮像装置について説明する。本発明の撮像装置は、前記塵埃除去装置と撮像素子ユニットとを少なくとも有する撮像装置であって、前記塵埃除去装置の振動板を前記撮像素子ユニットの受光面側に設けた事を特徴とする。図12および図13は本発明の撮像装置の好適な実施形態の一例であるデジタル一眼レフカメラを示す図である。
次に、本発明の電子機器について説明する。本発明の電子機器は、前記圧電素子または前記積層圧電素子を備えた圧電音響部品を配することを特徴とする。圧電音響部品にはスピーカ、ブザー、マイク、表面弾性波(SAW)素子が含まれる。
Cuを含有しない比較用圧電セラミックスを作成した。1molのペロブスカイト型金属酸化物(Na0.88Ba0.12)(Nb0.88Ti0.12)O3に対し、MgOを含まない(比較例1)もしくは0.2mol%(比較例2)含むように原料粉を秤量した。原料には、ニオブ酸ナトリウム(NaNbO3)、チタン酸バリウム(BaTiO3)、酸化マグネシウム(MgO)の粉末を用いた。ニオブ酸ナトリウム粉末は純度99%以上のニオブ酸ナトリウム(NaNbO3)、チタン酸バリウム粉末は純度99%以上のチタン酸バリウム(BaTiO3)、酸化マグネシウムは純度99.99%以上の酸化マグネシウムを用いた。ニオブ酸ナトリウム粉末のニオブに対するナトリウムのモル比は、原子吸光分析法及びICP発光分光分析法によると1.00±0.05であった。秤量後、エタノールとジルコニアボールを原料粉末に加え、24h湿式混合した。混合後、篩を使ってジルコニアボールを除去した。エタノールを含むスラリーを80℃に保持した乾燥炉内で乾燥させた後に、混合した原料粉にバインダーを加えて造粒した。造粒粉を金型内に充填し、圧縮することで直径17mm、厚みが約1mmの成形体を作製した。得られた成形体を空気中で、最高温度1100℃で6時間焼成することによりセラミックスを得た。エックス線回折により、試料はペロブスカイト構造が主相であることを確認した。
Mgを含有しない比較用圧電セラミックスを作成した。0.5mol%のCuOを加えた1molのペロブスカイト型金属酸化物(Na0.88Ba0.12)(Nb0.88Ti0.12)O3(比較例3)を、CuOを用いる以外は比較例1と同様な方法で作成した。Cuの原料には、純度99%以上の酸化銅(CuO)の粉末を用いた。エックス線回折により、試料はほぼペロブスカイト構造単相であることが確認できた。焼結体の密度は理論密度の94%以上であった。図15(a)は、比較例3の比較用圧電セラミックス表面を光学顕微鏡によって20倍拡大観察した表面像である。平均円相当径が20μmよりも大きく異常粒成長していることがわかる。
Nb2O5を用いて原料粉末中のNbに対するNaの割合を0.95未満とし、Nbに対するNaの割合が0.95未満である比較用圧電セラミックスを作成した。1molのペロブスカイト型金属酸化物(Na0.88Ba0.12)(Nb0.88Ti0.12)O3に対し、0.5mol%のCuO、1mol%のMgO、6mol%のNbO2.5を含むように原料粉を秤量し、比較例1と同様な方法でセラミックスを作成した。Nbの原料には、純度99%以上の酸化ニオブ(Nb2O5)の粉末を用いた。エックス線回折により、試料には不純物相が確認された。波長分散型蛍光エックス線(XRF)測定によると、セラミックス中のNa/Nbは0.93であった。XRF測定には検量線法を用い、原子吸光分析法及びICP発光分光分析法により組成を求めた標準試料を用いた。
Na2CO3を用いて原料粉末中のNbに対するNaの割合を1.1より大きくし、Nbに対するNaの割合が1.05より大きい比較用圧電セラミックスを作成した。1molのペロブスカイト型金属酸化物(Na0.88Ba0.12)(Nb0.88Ti0.12)O3に対し、0.5mol%のCuO、1mol%のMgO、10mol%のNaO0.5を含むように原料粉を秤量し、比較例1と同様な方法でセラミックスを作成した。Naの原料には、純度99%以上の炭酸ナトリウム(Na2CO3)の粉末を用いた。エックス線回折により、試料はペロブスカイト構造が主相であることを確認した。XRF測定によると、セラミックス中のNa/Nbは1.06であった。
0.5mol%のCuOを加えた1molのペロブスカイト型金属酸化物(Na0.88Ba0.12)(Nb0.88Ti0.12)O3に対し、0.1mol%(実施例1)、0.2mol%(実施例2)、0.5mol%(実施例3)、0.75mol%(実施例4)、1.0mol%(実施例5)、2.0mol%(実施例6)のMgOを含むように原料粉を秤量し、MgOを含む以外は比較例3と同様な方法で本発明の圧電セラミックスを作成した。焼結後の圧電セラミックスについてエックス線回折を測定すると、試料はペロブスカイト構造が主相であることを確認した。圧電セラミックスの密度は理論密度の94%以上であった。なお、実施例1のCu含有量の0.50mol%は、一般式(1)のペロブスカイト型金属酸化物1mol(172.2g)に対して酸化銅を0.398g(Cuとして0.318g)含むことを表す。XRF測定によると原料粉末中のNa/Nbは1.05であった。
Na量xもしくはNb量yが、0.85未満であるか0.92よりも大きい比較用圧電セラミックスを1175℃で焼成した。CuとMgの含有量はそれぞれ0.1mol%と0.5mol%とした。焼成温度と原料粉末の秤量値を除いて、実施例1と同じ手法で比較例6、8及び9のセラミックスを作成した。
Mgを含まない比較用圧電セラミックスを1175℃で焼成した。Cuの含有量は0.1mol%とした。焼成温度と原料粉末の秤量値を除いて、比較例3と同じ手法で比較例7のセラミックスを作成した。
Na量xおよびNb量yが0.85以上0.92以下である本発明の圧電セラミックスを1175℃で焼成した。CuとMgの含有量はそれぞれ0.1mol%と0.5mol%とした。焼成温度と原料粉末の秤量値を除いて、実施例1と同じ手法で実施例7から12の圧電セラミックスを作成した。
実施例13から実施例21は、焼成温度と原料粉末の秤量値を除いて、実施例1と同じ手法で本発明の圧電セラミックスを作成した。
実施例2と同じ原料の粉末を実施例2と同じ秤量比で湿式混合して脱水乾燥した。この原料に有機バインダーを加えて混合した後、ドクターブレード法によりシート形成して厚み50μmのグリーンシートを得た。
実施例2と同じ圧電素子を用いて、図3に示される液体吐出ヘッドを作製した。入力した電気信号に追随したインクの吐出が確認された。
実施例23と同じ液体吐出ヘッドを用いて、図4に示される液体吐出装置を作製した。入力した電気信号に追随したインクの吐出が被転写体上に確認された。
実施例2と同じ圧電素子を用いて、図6(a)に示される超音波モータを作製した。交番電圧の印加に応じたモータの回転が確認された。
実施例25と同じ超音波モータを用いて、図7(a)に示される光学機器を作製した。交番電圧の印加に応じたオートフォーカス動作が確認された。
実施例2と同じ圧電素子を用いて、図9に示される塵埃除去装置を作製した。プラスチック製ビーズを散布し、交番電圧を印加したところ、良好な塵埃除去率が確認された。
実施例27と同じ塵埃除去装置を用いて、図12に示される撮像装置を作製した。動作させたところ、撮像ユニットの表面の塵を良好に除去し、塵欠陥の無い画像が得られた。
実施例2と同じ圧電素子を用いて、図14に示される電子機器を作製した。交番電圧の印加に応じたスピーカ動作が確認された。
実施例22と同じ積層圧電素子を用いて、図3に示される液体吐出ヘッドを作製した。入力した電気信号に追随したインクの吐出が確認された。
実施例30と同じ液体吐出ヘッドを用いて、図4に示される液体吐出装置を作製した。入力した電気信号に追随したインクの吐出が被転写体上に確認された。
実施例22と同じ積層圧電素子を用いて、図6(b)に示される超音波モータを作製した。交番電圧の印加に応じたモータの回転が確認された。
実施例32と同じ超音波モータを用いて、図7(a)に示される光学機器を作製した。交番電圧の印加に応じたオートフォーカス動作が確認された。
実施例22と同じ積層圧電素子を用いて、図9に示される塵埃除去装置を作製した。プラスチック製ビーズを散布し、交番電圧を印加したところ、良好な塵埃除去率が確認された。
実施例34と同じ塵埃除去装置を用いて、図12に示される撮像装置を作製した。動作させたところ、撮像ユニットの表面の塵を良好に除去し、塵欠陥の無い画像が得られた。
実施例22と同じ積層圧電素子を用いて、図14に示される電子機器を作製した。交番電圧の印加に応じたスピーカ動作が確認された。
2 圧電セラミックス部
3 第二の電極
101 圧電素子
102 個別液室
103 振動板
104 液室隔壁
105 吐出口
106 連通孔
107 共通液室
108 バッファ層
1011 第一の電極
1012 圧電セラミックス
1013 第二の電極
201 振動子
202 ロータ
203 出力軸
204 振動子
205 ロータ
206 バネ
Claims (16)
- 下記一般式(1)で表わされるペロブスカイト型金属酸化物、CuO及びMgOを含有する圧電セラミックスであって、前記ペロブスカイト型金属酸化物1molに対してCuOの含有量が0.1mol%以上1mol%以下であり、MgOの含有量が0.1mol%以上2mol%以下であることを特徴とする圧電セラミックス。
一般式(1) (NaxBa1−y)(NbyTi1−y)O3(式中、0.85≦x≦0.92、0.85≦y≦0.92、0.98≦x/y≦1.03を示す。) - 前記圧電セラミックスを構成する結晶粒の平均円相当径が0.5μm以上20μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の圧電セラミックス。
- 少なくとも、Na、Nb、Ba、Ti、Cu、Mgを含有する原料粉末を焼成してなる工程を有し、前記原料粉末に含まれるNaとNbのモル比が0.95≦Na/Nb≦1.10であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の圧電セラミックスの製造方法。
- 焼成温度が1200℃以下であることを特徴とする請求項3記載の圧電セラミックスの製造方法。
- 第一の電極、圧電セラミックス部および第二の電極を少なくとも有する圧電素子であって、前記圧電セラミックス部を構成する圧電セラミックスが請求項1または2に記載の圧電セラミックスであることを特徴とする圧電素子。
- 複数の圧電セラミックス層と、内部電極を含む複数の電極層とが交互に積層された積層圧電素子であって、前記圧電セラミックス層が請求項1または2に記載の圧電セラミックスよりなることを特徴とする積層圧電素子。
- 前記内部電極がAgとPdを含み、前記Agの含有重量M1と前記Pdの含有重量M2との重量比M1/M2が1.5≦M1/M2≦9.0であることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の積層圧電素子。
- 前記内部電極がNiおよびCuの少なくともいずれか1種を含むことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の積層圧電素子。
- 請求項5に記載の圧電素子または請求項6乃至8のいずれか1項に記載の積層圧電素子を配した振動部を備えた液室と、前記液室と連通する吐出口を少なくとも有することを特徴とする液体吐出ヘッド。
- 記録媒体の搬送部と請求項9に記載の液体吐出ヘッドを備えたことを特徴とする液体吐出装置。
- 請求項5に記載の圧電素子または請求項6乃至8のいずれか1項に記載の積層圧電素子を配した振動体と、前記振動体と接触する移動体とを少なくとも有することを特徴とする超音波モータ。
- 駆動部に請求項11に記載の超音波モータを備えたことを特徴とする光学機器。
- 請求項5に記載の圧電素子または請求項6乃至8のいずれか1項に記載の積層圧電素子を振動板に配した振動体を有することを特徴とする振動装置。
- 請求項13に記載の振動装置を振動部に備えたことを特徴とする塵埃除去装置。
- 請求項14に記載の塵埃除去装置と撮像素子ユニットとを少なくとも有する撮像装置であって、前記塵埃除去装置の振動板を前記撮像素子ユニットの受光面側に設けたことを特徴とする撮像装置。
- 請求項5に記載の圧電素子または請求項6乃至8のいずれか1項に記載の積層圧電素子を備えたことを特徴とする圧電音響部品を配した電子機器。
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US11066332B2 (en) | 2016-10-17 | 2021-07-20 | Shoei Chemical Inc. | Dielectric ceramic composition and ceramic electronic component |
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US11889767B2 (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2024-01-30 | Taiyo Yuden Co., Ltd. | Multilayer piezoelectric ceramic and method for manufacturing same, multilayer piezoelectric element, as well as piezoelectric vibration apparatus |
KR102411326B1 (ko) * | 2019-12-18 | 2022-06-21 | 에코디엠랩 주식회사 | 다중 주파수 초음파 발생이 가능한 원통형 초음파 발진 프로브 |
JP7426875B2 (ja) * | 2020-03-27 | 2024-02-02 | 太陽誘電株式会社 | 圧電素子及びその製造方法 |
CN112151667A (zh) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-29 | 广州凯立达电子股份有限公司 | 一种贱金属电极高压电常数无铅多层压电陶瓷片 |
CN115894019B (zh) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-09-22 | 西安交通大学 | 一种反铁电陶瓷材料及其低温烧结制备方法 |
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JP3389477B2 (ja) * | 1997-09-30 | 2003-03-24 | 京セラ株式会社 | 圧電磁器組成物 |
JP3678234B2 (ja) * | 2002-07-25 | 2005-08-03 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 積層型圧電部品の製造方法、及び積層型電子部品 |
JP4265217B2 (ja) * | 2002-10-31 | 2009-05-20 | 株式会社村田製作所 | 圧電磁器組成物、圧電トランス、圧電トランスインバータ回路、及び圧電磁器組成物の製造方法 |
CN100337980C (zh) * | 2003-05-29 | 2007-09-19 | 日本特殊陶业株式会社 | 压电陶瓷组合物以及含该组合物的压电元件 |
WO2006117990A1 (ja) * | 2005-04-28 | 2006-11-09 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | 圧電体磁器組成物、及び該圧電体磁器組成物の製造方法、並びに圧電セラミック電子部品 |
JP4347288B2 (ja) * | 2005-11-07 | 2009-10-21 | キヤノン株式会社 | 撮像装置 |
CN100448796C (zh) * | 2007-06-14 | 2009-01-07 | 北京科技大学 | 一种低温合成镁掺杂铌酸钾钠基无铅压电陶瓷及制备方法 |
JP2009227535A (ja) | 2008-03-25 | 2009-10-08 | Panasonic Corp | 圧電性磁器組成物 |
JP2012162408A (ja) * | 2011-02-03 | 2012-08-30 | Fdk Corp | 圧電材料 |
JP6021351B2 (ja) * | 2011-02-28 | 2016-11-09 | キヤノン株式会社 | 圧電材料、圧電素子、液体吐出ヘッド、超音波モータ、塵埃除去装置およびデバイス |
JP6080465B2 (ja) * | 2011-10-26 | 2017-02-15 | キヤノン株式会社 | 圧電材料、圧電素子、圧電音響部品、および電子機器 |
WO2013147107A1 (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-03 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Piezoelectric ceramic, method for manufacturing piezoelectric ceramic, piezoelectric element, and electronic device |
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WO2015115279A1 (en) | 2015-08-06 |
JP2015163576A (ja) | 2015-09-10 |
EP3099649B1 (en) | 2018-07-25 |
EP3099649A1 (en) | 2016-12-07 |
TW201529525A (zh) | 2015-08-01 |
CN105939983A (zh) | 2016-09-14 |
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