JP5937621B2 - 漏電検知器、電動式乗り物の漏電検知方法 - Google Patents
漏電検知器、電動式乗り物の漏電検知方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5937621B2 JP5937621B2 JP2013551025A JP2013551025A JP5937621B2 JP 5937621 B2 JP5937621 B2 JP 5937621B2 JP 2013551025 A JP2013551025 A JP 2013551025A JP 2013551025 A JP2013551025 A JP 2013551025A JP 5937621 B2 JP5937621 B2 JP 5937621B2
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Description
前記課題を解決するために、本発明の他の形態(aspect)に係る電動式乗り物の漏電検出方法は、バッテリと、外部から該バッテリに電力供給する外部電力線の一端に形成された端子部と電気的に接続可能な充電コネクタとを有する電動式乗り物における漏電を、前記充電コネクタに電気的に接続可能なコネクタ接続部と、前記電動式乗り物の車体グランド部位と接触されせる接触片と、を備える漏電検知器により検知する方法であって、前記コネクタ接続部を前記充電コネクタに電気的に接続することと、前記接触片を前記車体グランド部位に接触することと、前記バッテリから前記車体グランド部位への漏電の有無を、前記コネクタ接続部と前記接触片との間に流れる電流に基づいて検知することと、を含むものである。
[全体システムの構成例]
本発明の実施の形態1は、電動式乗り物が元々備えているバッテリ充電用の充電コネクタを、車外の漏電検知器と該電動式乗り物とを互いに電気的に且つ通信可能に接続するためのコネクタとしても利用し、該電動式乗り物のシステムが起動する前であっても該電動式乗り物における漏電の検知を可能とするものである。
図2は、図1に示す電動二輪車1の電気システムの構成例として、特に電装品及びそれらの電気配線を示したブロック図である。
図3は、図1に示す漏電検知器100の回路構成例を示す図である。なお、図3では、図面の簡略化のために、充電コネクタ49と電気的に接続されるコネクタ101が漏電検知器100と一体的に形成されている場合としている。
図3Aに示す漏電検知器100は、バッテリユニット60の正極側から配線された正極側充電線491pの端部である充電コネクタ49のピンと接続される正極側コネクタ端子TPと、バッテリユニット60の負極側から配線された負極側充電線491nの端部である充電コネクタ49のピンと接続される負極側コネクタ端子TNと、車体制御ユニット59から配線された通信線492の端部である充電コネクタ49のピンと接続される制御端子Cと、接触片109から配線されたケーブル150の一端と接続される接触片接続端子TGと、を備えている。したがって、図3Aの例では、充電コネクタ49のピンとして、接触片接続端子TG以外の前記の端子(TP,TN,C)に対応する3つのピンが含まれている。
図4、図5を参照しながら、図3Aに示す漏電検知器100の動作例を説明する。なお、 図3Bに示す漏電検知器100の動作例は、図3Aに示す漏電検知器の動作例と接触片109を車体グランド部位に接触させるか否かの相違しかないので、その説明を省略する。図4は、本発明の実施の形態1におけるバッテリユニット60の正極側が漏電した際の漏電検知器100の動作例を説明するための図であり、図5は、本発明の実施の形態1におけるバッテリユニット60の負極側が漏電した際の漏電検知器100の動作例を説明するための図である。なお、図4及び図5に示す例では、電動式乗り物1側では、バッテリユニット60と充電コネクタ49との間の充電用正極側リレー51及び充電用負極側リレー52それぞれの接点が閉じられており、漏電検知器100側では、コネクタ101が電動式乗り物1の充電コネクタ49と電気的に接続されているものとする。
[漏電検知器の自己診断動作例]
図6、図7を参照しながら、図3Aに示す漏電検知器100の自己診断動作例を説明する。なお、図3Bに示す漏電検知器100の自己診断動作例については同様に説明を省略する。
上記の漏電検知器100の動作例において、電動式乗り物1が備える充電用正極側リレー51及び充電用負極側リレー52の接点の開閉操作を漏電検知器100が車体制御ユニット59との通信を介して行ってもよい。
また、本実施の形態では、漏電検知器100による漏電検知又は自己診断が行われる時間が予め定める閾値時間を経過したときには、電動式乗り物1から漏電検知器100への充電コネクタ49を介したバッテリユニット60の端子電圧の供給を停止することができる。具体的には、漏電検知器100は、車体制御ユニット59に対し、計数部115により計数された漏電検知開始からの経過時間が所定の閾値時間に到達したときに、充電コネクタ49とバッテリユニット60との間を遮断するよう充電用正極側リレー51及び充電用負極側リレー52を作動させる指令をコネクタ101及び充電コネクタ49を介して出力することとする。これにより、バッテリユニット60に蓄えられた電力を用いて漏電検知ができる。
図6、図7を参照して説明した漏電検知器の自己診断の動作例では、電動式乗り物1に搭載されているバッテリユニット60の端子電圧を利用しているが、漏電検知器100に搭載されている内蔵バッテリ107の端子電圧を利用してもよい。
漏電検知器100は、メンテナンス作業者が持ち運び容易な可搬型の漏電検知器の他に、地上に設置する固定型の漏電検知器であってもよい。
(実施の形態2)
本発明の実施の形態2は、電動式乗り物の充電コネクタに電気的に接続可能なコネクタを備えた外部制御装置が、充電コネクタを介して車体制御ユニットに対して制御指令を与えることにより、電動式乗り物のシステムが起動して、車載漏電検知器による漏電有無の検知動作を遂行するものである。この外部制御装置は、前記のとおり説明した実施の形態1の漏電検知器100が備える機能のうち、漏電検知抵抗などの実際の検知に係る部分及び漏電検知時の警報に係る部分以外の全部又は一部を備えている。
実施の形態1における漏電検知器及び実施の形態2における制御装置は、電動式乗り物の充電コネクタと電気的に接続されてバッテリユニットを充電する外部充電器に搭載されていてもよい。以下では、このような外部充電器のことを漏電検知機能付充電器と呼ぶ。
2…前輪
3…後輪
4…車体フレーム
5…電気モータ
6…フロントフォーク
7…ステアリングシャフト
8…ハンドル
11…ヘッドパイプ
12…メインフレーム
13…ダウンフレーム
14…ピボットフレーム
15…スイングアーム
16…シートフレーム
17…動力伝達機構
18…モータケース
19…インバータケース
20…インバータ
80…バッテリケース
100…漏電検知器
101…コネクタ
102…差込プラグ
107…内蔵バッテリ
108…電圧検出器
109…接触片
112…制御器
113…検知部
114…動作判定部
115…計数部
116…警報器
117…LED
118…スピーカ
150…ケーブル
MSW…スイッチ
SW1,SW2…スイッチ
SW3A,SW3B…スイッチ(コネクタ接続部)
35…突入電流防止リレー(第2の車載リレー)
36…インバータ用正極側リレー(第2の車載リレー)
37…インバータ用負極側リレー(第2の車載リレー)
43…低圧バッテリ
45…DC/DCコンバータ
48…DC/DCコンバータ用リレー(第2の車載リレー)
49…充電コネクタ
491…充電線
492…通信線
493…短絡テスト線
51…充電用正極側リレー(第1の車載リレー)
52…充電用負極側リレー(第1の車載リレー)
58…バッテリ監視ユニット
59…車体制御ユニット
60…バッテリユニット
61…バッテリモジュール
62…バッテリセル
63…モジュール筐体
64…バッテリフレーム
200…制御装置
260…制御器
280…内蔵バッテリ
300…車載漏電検知器
400…漏電検知機能付充電器
Claims (7)
- バッテリと、外部から該バッテリに電力供給する外部電力線の一端に形成された端子部と電気的に接続可能な充電コネクタとを有する電動式乗り物における漏電を検知する漏電検知器であって、
前記充電コネクタと電気的に接続可能なコネクタ接続部と、
前記電動式乗り物の車体グランド部位と接触される接触片と、
前記バッテリから前記車体グランド部位への漏電の有無を前記コネクタ接続部と前記接触片との間に流れる電流に基づいて検知する検知回路と、
を備え、
前記検知回路は、
前記接触片を介して前記バッテリの一方の電極と前記車体グランド部位との間を短絡するか否かを切り替えるスイッチと、
前記スイッチにより前記バッテリの一方の電極と前記車体グランド部位との間が短絡されたとき、前記検知回路が正常に作動するか否かを判定する動作判定部と、
を備える、漏電検知器。 - 前記検知回路は、
前記コネクタ接続部に対し前記バッテリと並列に接続された、前記バッテリの端子電圧よりも低電圧の電圧源をさらに備え、
前記動作判定部により前記検知回路が正常に作動するか否かを判定する際に、前記充電コネクタ及び前記コネクタ接続部を介した前記バッテリとの電気的な接続を遮断するとともに、前記接触片を介して前記電圧源の一方の電極と前記車体グランド部位との間を短絡させるよう構成される、請求項1に記載の漏電検知器。 - バッテリと、外部から該バッテリに電力供給する外部電力線の一端に形成された端子部と電気的に接続可能な充電コネクタとを有する電動式乗り物における漏電を、前記充電コネクタに電気的に接続可能なコネクタ接続部を備える漏電検知器により検知する方法であって、
前記コネクタ接続部を前記充電コネクタに電気的に接続することと、
前記漏電検知器を前記車体グランド部位に電気的に接続することと、
前記バッテリから前記車体グランド部位への漏電の有無を、前記コネクタ接続部と前記接触片との間に流れる電流に基づいて検知することと、
を含み、
前記漏電の有無を検知する際、前記漏電検知器を介して前記バッテリの一方の電極と前記車体グランド部位との間を短絡し、前記漏電検知器が正常に作動するか否かを判定した上で前記バッテリの他方の電極と前記車体グランド部位との間を開放して前記コネクタ接続部と前記漏電検知器との間に流れる電流を計測する、電動式乗り物の漏電検知方法。 - 前記漏電検知器は、前記電動式乗り物の車体グランド部位と接触される接触片を備え、
前記接触片を前記車体グランド部位に接触することにより、前記漏電検知器を前記車体グランド部位に電気的に接続する、請求項3に記載の電動式乗り物の漏電検知方法。 - 前記コネクタ接続部を前記充電コネクタに電気的に接続することにより、前記車載漏電検知器は、前記充電コネクタを介して前記車体グランド部位と電気的に接続される、請求項3に記載の電動式乗り物の漏電検知方法。
- バッテリと、前記バッテリからグランド電位に維持されている車体グランド部位への漏電を検知する車載漏電検知器と、外部から該バッテリに電力供給する外部電力線の一端に形成された端子部と電気的に接続可能であり、且つ前記車載漏電検知器と通信可能となるよう構成された充電コネクタと、を有する電動式乗り物における漏電を、前記充電コネクタに電気的に接続可能であって、且つ前記車載漏電検知器と通信可能となるよう構成されたコネクタ接続部を備える制御装置により検知する方法であって、
前記コネクタ接続部を前記充電コネクタに電気的に接続することと、
前記制御装置が前記コネクタ接続部及び前記充電コネクタを介して前記車載漏電検知器に起動指令を送信することと、
前記車載漏電検知器が前記制御装置からの前記起動指令を受信して、前記車載漏電検知器が前記バッテリから前記車体グランド部位への漏電の有無を検知することと、
前記車載漏電検知器が前記充電コネクタ及び前記コネクタ接続部を介して漏電の有無の検知結果を示す情報を前記制御装置に送信することと、
前記制御装置が前記車載漏電検知器から前記漏電の有無の検知結果を示す情報を前記充電コネクタ及び前記コネクタ接続部を介して受信することと、
を含み、
前記漏電の有無を検知する際、前記車載漏電検知器が、前記バッテリの一方の電極と前記車体グランド部位との間を短絡し、前記車載漏電検知器が正常に作動するか否かを判定した上で前記バッテリの他方の電極と前記車体グランド部位との間を開放して前記漏電を検知する、電動式乗り物の漏電検知方法。 - バッテリを有する電動式乗り物において前記バッテリからグランド電位に維持されている車体グランド部位への漏電の有無を検知するための電動式乗り物の漏電検知方法であって、
前記バッテリの一方の電極と前記車体グランド部位との間を短絡し、前記漏電の有無の検知が正常に行えるか否かを判定した上で前記バッテリの他方の電極と前記車体グランド部位との間を開放してバッテリから前記車体グランド部位への漏電の有無を検知する、電動式乗り物の漏電検知方法。
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- 2011-12-26 CN CN201180075672.3A patent/CN103988087B/zh active Active
- 2011-12-26 EP EP11878743.1A patent/EP2801836B1/en active Active
- 2011-12-26 WO PCT/JP2011/007278 patent/WO2013098876A1/ja active Application Filing
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WO2013098876A1 (ja) | 2013-07-04 |
CN103988087B (zh) | 2016-11-09 |
JPWO2013098876A1 (ja) | 2015-04-27 |
US20140368211A1 (en) | 2014-12-18 |
US9529033B2 (en) | 2016-12-27 |
EP2801836B1 (en) | 2019-07-10 |
CN103988087A (zh) | 2014-08-13 |
EP2801836A4 (en) | 2015-12-23 |
EP2801836A1 (en) | 2014-11-12 |
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