JP5932775B2 - 高エネルギー衝突を用いた水への二酸化炭素の可溶化方法 - Google Patents
高エネルギー衝突を用いた水への二酸化炭素の可溶化方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 219
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 151
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims description 109
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 109
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 46
- 230000003381 solubilizing effect Effects 0.000 title description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 55
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000014171 carbonated beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000739 chaotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020681 well water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002349 well water Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
本開示は、気体を液体中に溶解させるための、特に人による摂取のための炭酸飲料を作製するための機器、システム、および方法に関する。
水および二酸化炭素は、一般的に、通常の環境条件下、すなわち、室温および大気圧下において非混和性である。二酸化炭素が水に可溶となるような条件を作り出すことによって炭酸水を製造するための機器および方法は公知である。概して、二酸化炭素は、圧力増加および温度低下に伴って、水に対してより可溶性となる。
[本発明1001]
チャンバー内へ水および二酸化炭素を注入する工程;
該チャンバー内で環状分散流を作り出すために、該二酸化炭素と水を混合する工程;
二酸化炭素と水の該環状分散流を加速する工程;
二酸化炭素と水の該加速された流れを方向付けして、剛体表面に衝突させ、それによって、該二酸化炭素を該水中へ可溶化するのに十分な圧力を作り出す工程;ならびに
該可溶化された二酸化炭素と水の混合物を収集する工程
を含む、水に二酸化炭素を可溶化する方法。
[本発明1002]
水が、10psiを超える圧力で注入される、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1003]
混合する工程が、チャンバー内の方向性の混合要素によって達成される、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1004]
混合する工程が、チャンバー内のらせん状の混合要素によって達成される、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1005]
加速が、絞り機構によって達成される、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1006]
絞り機構の断面積に対するチャンバーの断面積の比率が20未満である、本発明1005の方法。
[本発明1007]
加速が、ベンチュリ管または類似物によって達成される、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1008]
加速が、砂時計形状のノズルによって達成される、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1009]
可溶化された二酸化炭素と水の混合物の収集が、該混合物を混合要素を有する流路を通過させる工程を含む、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1010]
二酸化炭素と水の環状分散流が、少なくとも0.05インチ/秒の速度に加速される、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1011]
二酸化炭素および水の流れと剛体表面との間の衝突が、-40〜5フィート−ポンド/cm 3 のエネルギー密度を生じる、本発明1001の方法。
[本発明1012]
導管;
該導管の近位末端における、流路への導入口;
該導管内に配置された1つまたは複数の分散要素;
該導管内における受動的加速器;
該受動的加速器のすぐ下流の剛体衝撃面;および
該導管の遠位末端に接続されている滞留網状部
を備える、水への二酸化炭素の可溶化のための機器。
[本発明1013]
導入口が、Y字形状導入口の一方の分岐における二酸化炭素供給と、該Y字形状導入口の他方の分岐における水供給とを有するY字型接続部を備える、本発明1012の機器。
[本発明1014]
分散要素が、固定型のらせん状ミキサーを備える、本発明1012の機器。
[本発明1015]
分散要素が、固定型方向性ミキサーを備える、本発明1012の機器。
[本発明1016]
分散要素が、固定型のらせん状ミキサーおよび固定型方向性ミキサーの両方を備える、本発明1012の機器。
[本発明1017]
受動的加速器が、円筒状オリフィスである、本発明1012の機器。
[本発明1018]
受動的加速器が、砂時計形状のノズルである、本発明1012の機器。
[本発明1019]
受動的加速器が、ベンチュリ管である、本発明1012の機器。
[本発明1020]
剛体衝突面が、ナイフ状のブレードである、本発明1012の機器。
[本発明1021]
滞留網状部が、固定型ミキサーを含む、本発明1012の機器。
[本発明1022]
滞留網状部の遠位末端に分配器をさらに備える、本発明1012の機器。
[本発明1023]
受動的加速器が絞り機構である、本発明1012の機器。
[本発明1024]
絞り機構の断面積に対する該絞り機構のすぐ先の導管の一部の断面積の比率が、該導管内の流体流の速度を最高100倍まで加速するような比率である、本発明1023の機器。
[本発明1025]
導管;
二酸化炭素と水を該導管へと方向付けするための導入口;
該導管内の剛体表面;および
該二酸化炭素と水が該剛体表面に衝突したときに水に二酸化炭素を可溶化させるのに十分なエネルギー密度を生じるような十分な速度まで、該二酸化炭素と水を加速するための、該導管内における絞り機構
を備える、水に二酸化炭素を可溶化するための機器。
[本発明1026]
導管;
二酸化炭素と水を該導管へと方向付けするための手段;
該導管内の剛体表面;および
該二酸化炭素と水が該剛体表面に衝突したときに水に二酸化炭素を可溶化させるのに十分なエネルギー密度を生じるような十分な速度まで、該二酸化炭素と水を加速するための手段
を備える、水に二酸化炭素を可溶化するための機器。
迅速で効率的な、水への二酸化炭素の可溶化のための機器、システム、および方法を本明細書において開示する。特に、運動エネルギーを局所的圧力波へと瞬間的に変換して、水に二酸化炭素を可溶化するのに十分なエネルギー密度の領域を作り出すことにより、炭酸水を生成する。これは、炭酸水の連続流を作り出すために水供給のインラインに設置された機器を使用することによって達成することができる。
質量:
運動量:
エネルギー:
上記の式において:
mtot=二酸化炭素/水混合物の総質量
Ptot=二酸化炭素/水混合物の総運動量
Ktot=二酸化炭素/水混合物の総運動エネルギー
Ztot=二酸化炭素/水混合物の総ポテンシャルエネルギー
Htot=二酸化炭素/水混合物の総ヘルムホルツ(自由エネルギー)
p=密度
A=断面積
R=半径
-F=混合物に働く固体表面からの正味の力および衝突力を表すベクトル
p=圧力
G=ギブズ自由エネルギー
W=システムが達成する機械的仕事の割合
Ev=エネルギー損失。
ev=0.45(1−β)
さらに、当該PEDは、最適な導入口圧力を一定の100psiに維持しながら上記の実施例において縮小率を2倍にすることにより、二酸化炭素/水ストリームの流量に対して、下記の表に示されているように変わり得る。表からわかるように、PEDは、流量に対して強い関係性がある。
式中、
k'OLおよびkOLは、レイノルズ数(Re)に依存する定数であり、一般的に、それぞれ0.02〜0.1および3〜12の範囲であり、特定の値は、レイノルズ数に対して、予め表にされたチャートにおいて容易に利用可能である。
L=らせん状ミキサーの長さ
D=直径
Re=レイノルズ数
Claims (13)
- 流路を画定する導管;
水を受けるための第一の分岐および二酸化炭素を受けるための第二の分岐を有する、該導管の近位末端における導入口多岐管;
該導管内に配置された1つまたは複数の分散要素;
該導管内における受動的加速器;
該受動的加速器の下流に配置された剛体衝突面;および
該導管の遠位末端に連結されている滞留網状部
を備える、水への二酸化炭素の可溶化のための機器であって、
約0.1〜約3.7ガロン/分で該導管を通過する流れの衝突が、約-40フィート−ポンド/cm3〜約5フィート−ポンド/cm3の該剛体衝突面における圧力エネルギー密度を生じるように、該導管、該受動的加速器、および該剛体衝突面が、互いに対して構成されている、機器。 - 導入口多岐管が、Y字形状導入口の一方の分岐における二酸化炭素供給と、該Y字形状導入口の他方の分岐における水供給とを有するY字型接続部を備える、請求項1記載の機器。
- 分散要素が、固定型のらせん状ミキサーおよび固定型方向性ミキサーの少なくとも1つを備える、請求項1記載の機器。
- 受動的加速器が、円筒状オリフィスを備える、請求項1記載の機器。
- 受動的加速器が、砂時計形状のノズルを備える、請求項1記載の機器。
- 滞留網状部が、固定型ミキサーを含む、請求項1記載の機器。
- 受動的加速器内の絞り機構の断面積に対する受動的加速器のすぐ先の導管の一部の断面積の比率が、該導管内の流体流の速度を最高100倍まで加速するような比率である、請求項1記載の機器。
- 剛体衝突面が、受動的加速器の導出口で導管を通る流路に対して実質的に垂直に方向付けされ、かつ受動的加速器の流出口が、導管の長手方向軸に沿う流出口の各点からの直線的な射出が剛体衝突面と交差するように構成される、請求項1記載の機器。
- 剛体衝突面が、受動的加速器から約0.1〜約2.0インチ下流に位置される、請求項1記載の機器。
- 受動的加速器が、約0.1〜約0.44の範囲のエネルギー損失係数を有する、縮小または収束する絞り機構を備える、請求項1記載の機器。
- 分散要素、導管、および受動的加速器が、実質的に長手方向中心軸に沿って整列する、請求項1記載の機器。
- 剛体衝突面が、長手方向中心軸から長手方向中心軸に対して横方向への少なくとも1つの周辺流路の分流を画定する、請求項11記載の機器。
- 滞留網状部が、長手方向軸に整列した第2のらせん状分散要素を含む、請求項11記載の機器。
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US12/772,641 US8567767B2 (en) | 2010-05-03 | 2010-05-03 | Apparatuses, systems and methods for efficient solubilization of carbon dioxide in water using high energy impact |
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EP (1) | EP2566811A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5932775B2 (ja) |
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BR (1) | BR112012028330B1 (ja) |
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2010
- 2010-05-03 US US12/772,641 patent/US8567767B2/en active Active
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2011
- 2011-04-24 EP EP11777860.5A patent/EP2566811A4/en active Pending
- 2011-04-24 CN CN201180033123XA patent/CN103282304A/zh active Pending
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- 2011-04-24 WO PCT/US2011/033709 patent/WO2011139614A2/en active Application Filing
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Also Published As
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CN103282304A (zh) | 2013-09-04 |
US20140284822A1 (en) | 2014-09-25 |
WO2011139614A3 (en) | 2011-12-29 |
CA2834977C (en) | 2018-09-25 |
WO2011139614A2 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
MX2012012838A (es) | 2013-05-20 |
US20110268845A1 (en) | 2011-11-03 |
US8567767B2 (en) | 2013-10-29 |
IL222838A (en) | 2016-03-31 |
AR081003A1 (es) | 2012-05-30 |
EP2566811A2 (en) | 2013-03-13 |
US8636268B2 (en) | 2014-01-28 |
IL222838A0 (en) | 2012-12-31 |
KR101836541B1 (ko) | 2018-03-08 |
TW201204458A (en) | 2012-02-01 |
TWI548447B (zh) | 2016-09-11 |
US20130171297A1 (en) | 2013-07-04 |
KR20130127905A (ko) | 2013-11-25 |
JP2013529130A (ja) | 2013-07-18 |
US20160296895A1 (en) | 2016-10-13 |
US10150089B2 (en) | 2018-12-11 |
CA2834977A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
BR112012028330B1 (pt) | 2020-11-10 |
EP2566811A4 (en) | 2017-08-09 |
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