JP5898062B2 - 太陽電池 - Google Patents
太陽電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5898062B2 JP5898062B2 JP2012505799A JP2012505799A JP5898062B2 JP 5898062 B2 JP5898062 B2 JP 5898062B2 JP 2012505799 A JP2012505799 A JP 2012505799A JP 2012505799 A JP2012505799 A JP 2012505799A JP 5898062 B2 JP5898062 B2 JP 5898062B2
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 600
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 202
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 199
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 199
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 121
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 113
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 87
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 87
- 229910021424 microcrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 46
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 678
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 22
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 17
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013081 microcrystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910005191 Ga 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
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- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
- H01L31/0264—Inorganic materials
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- H01L31/036—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes
- H01L31/0368—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including polycrystalline semiconductors
- H01L31/03682—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including polycrystalline semiconductors including only elements of Group IV of the Periodic System
- H01L31/03685—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including polycrystalline semiconductors including only elements of Group IV of the Periodic System including microcrystalline silicon, uc-Si
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- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/06—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/545—Microcrystalline silicon PV cells
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/548—Amorphous silicon PV cells
Description
Claims (23)
- 基板と、
前記基板に配置される第1電極と、
第2電極と、
前記第1電極と前記第2電極の間に位置する少なくとも一つの光電変換部と、を含み、
前記少なくとも一つの光電変換部は、p型半導体層、i型半導体層、n型半導体層及び、前記p型半導体層と前記i型半導体層の間に位置し、水素の含有量が前記i型半導体層の水素含有量より多いバッファー層を含み、
前記バッファー層と前記i型半導体層との接合部分近傍での前記i型半導体層の結晶化度は前記i型半導体層と前記n型半導体層との接合部分での前記i型半導体層の結晶化度の75%に等しいかそれ以上であり、
前記バッファ層と前記i型半導体層との接合部分近傍で前記i型半導体層の結晶化度は、前記i型半導体層と前記n型半導体層との接合部分での前記i型半導体層の結晶化度より小さく、
前記i型半導体層は微結晶シリコンで形成され、
前記バッファー層の厚さは前記p型半導体層の厚さより薄く、
前記i型半導体層の水素含有量は3%から5%の範囲内であり、前記バッファー層の水素含有量は12%から30%の範囲内である、太陽電池。 - 前記バッファー層の厚さは前記i型半導体層の厚さより薄い請求項1記載の太陽電池。
- 前記バッファー層の水素含有量は前記p型半導体層の水素含有量より多い請求項1記載の太陽電池。
- 前記i型半導体層はゲルマニウム(Ge)を含むか、または炭素(C)及び酸素(O)のうち少なくとも一つを含む請求項1記載の太陽電池。
- 前記バッファー層はゲルマニウム(Ge)を含むか、または炭素(C)及び酸素(O)のうち少なくとも一つを含む請求項1記載の太陽電池。
- 前記p型半導体層のp型不純物の量は、前記バッファー層のp型不純物の量より多い請求項1に記載の太陽電池。
- 基板と、
前記基板に配置される第1電極と、
第2電極と、
前記第1電極と前記第2電極の間に位置する第1光電変換部であって、第1p型半導体層、非晶質シリコンで形成された第1i型半導体層、第1n型半導体層及び、前記第1p型半導体層と前記第1i型半導体層の間に位置し、水素の含有量が前記第1i型半導体層の水素含有量より多い第1バッファー層を含む前記第1光電変換部と、
前記第1光電変換部と前記第2電極の間に位置する第2光電変換部であって、第2p型半導体層、微結晶シリコンで形成された第2i型半導体層、第2n型半導体層及び、前記第2p型半導体層と前記第2i型半導体層の間に位置し、水素の含有量が前記第2i型半導体層の水素含有量より多い第2バッファー層を含む前記第2光電変換部と、を含み、
前記第2バッファー層と前記第2i型半導体層の接合部分での前記第2i型半導体層の結晶化度は前記第2i型半導体層と前記第2n型半導体層の接合部分での前記第2i型半導体層の結晶化度の75%に等しいかそれ以上であり、
前記第2バッファ層と前記第2i型半導体層との接合部分近傍で前記第2i型半導体層の結晶化度は前記第2i型半導体層と前記第2n型半導体層との接合部分での前記第2i型半導体層の結晶化度より小さく、前記第1バッファー層及び前記第2バッファー層の厚さはそれぞれ、前記第1p型半導体層及び前記第2p型半導体層の厚さより薄く、
前記第2i型半導体層の水素含有量は3%から5%の範囲内であり、前記第1i型半導体層の水素含有量は10%から11%の範囲内であり、前記第2バッファー層の水素含有量は12%から30%の範囲内である、太陽電池。 - 前記第1バッファー層の厚さは前記第1i型半導体層の厚さより薄く、前記第2バッファー層の厚さは前記第2i型半導体層の厚さより薄い請求項7記載の太陽電池。
- 前記第2i型半導体層の厚さは前記第1i型半導体層の厚さより厚く、前記第2バッファー層の厚さは前記第1バッファー層の厚さより厚い請求項7記載の太陽電池。
- 前記第2i型半導体層の厚さは前記第1i型半導体層の厚さより厚く、
前記第1バッファー層の水素含有量は前記第2バッファー層の水素含有量より多い請求項7記載の太陽電池。 - 前記第1バッファー層の水素含有量は前記第1p型半導体層の水素含有量より多く、前記第2バッファー層の水素含有量は前記第2p型半導体層の水素含有量より少ない請求項10記載の太陽電池。
- 前記第1i型半導体層及び第2i型半導体層のそれぞれはゲルマニウム(Ge)を含む請求項7記載の太陽電池。
- 前記第1i型半導体層は炭素(C)及び酸素(O)のうち少なくとも一つを含み、前記第2i型半導体層はゲルマニウム(Ge)を含む請求項7記載の太陽電池。
- 前記第1バッファー層及び前記第2バッファー層のそれぞれはゲルマニウム(Ge)を含む請求項7記載の太陽電池。
- 前記第1バッファー層は炭素(C)及び酸素(O)のうち少なくとも一つを含み、前記第2バッファー層はゲルマニウム(Ge)を含む請求項7記載の太陽電池。
- 前記第1p型半導体層のp型不純物の量は、前記第1バッファー層のp型不純物の量より多く、前記第2p型半導体層のp型不純物の量は、前記第2バッファー層のp型不純物の量より多い請求項7の太陽電池。
- 基板と、
前記基板に配置される第1電極と、
第2電極と、
前記第1電極と前記第2電極の間に位置する第1光電変換部であって、第1p型半導体層、非晶質シリコンで形成された第1i型半導体層、第1n型半導体層及び、前記第1p型半導体層と前記第1i型半導体層の間に位置する第1バッファー層を含む、前記第1光電変換部と、
前記第1光電変換部と前記第2電極の間に位置する第2光電変換部であって、第2p型半導体層、微結晶シリコンで形成された第2i型半導体層、第2n型半導体層及び、前記第2p型半導体層と前記第2i型半導体層の間に位置する第2バッファー層を含む、前記第2光電変換部と、を含み、
前記第2i型半導体層の水素含有量と前記第2バッファー層の水素含有量の差は前記第1i型半導体層の水素含有量と前記第1バッファー層の水素含有量の差より大きく、
前記第2バッファー層と前記第2i型半導体層の接合部分での前記第2i型半導体層の結晶化度は前記第2i型半導体層と前記第2n型半導体層の接合部分での前記第2i型半導体層の結晶化度の75%に等しいかそれ以上であり、
前記第2バッファ層と前記第2i型半導体層との接合部分近傍で前記第2i型半導体層の結晶化度は前記第2i型半導体層と前記第2n型半導体層との接合部分での前記第2i型半導体層の結晶化度より小さく、前記第1バッファー層及び前記第2バッファー層の厚さはそれぞれ、前記第1p型半導体層及び前記第2p型半導体層の厚さより薄く、
前記第2i型半導体層の水素含有量は3%から5%の範囲内であり、前記第1i型半導体層の水素含有量は10%〜11%の範囲内であり、前記第2バッファー層の水素含有量は12%から30%の範囲内である、太陽電池。 - 前記第1i型半導体層及び第2i型半導体層のそれぞれはゲルマニウム(Ge)を含む請求項17記載の太陽電池。
- 前記第1i型半導体層は炭素(C)及び酸素(O)のうち少なくとも一つを含み、前記第2i型半導体層はゲルマニウム(Ge)を含む請求項17記載の太陽電池。
- 前記第1バッファー層及び前記第2バッファー層のそれぞれはゲルマニウム(Ge)を含む請求項17記載の太陽電池。
- 前記第1バッファー層は炭素(C)及び酸素(O)のうち少なくとも一つを含み、前記第2バッファー層はゲルマニウム(Ge)を含む請求項17記載の太陽電池。
- 前記第1バッファー層の水素含有量は前記第1i型半導体層の水素含有量より多く、前記前記第2バッファー層の水素含有量は前記第2i型半導体層の水素含有量より多い請求項17記載の太陽電池。
- 前記第1p型半導体層のp型不純物の量は前記第1バッファー層のp型不純物の量より多く、前記第2p型半導体層のp型不純物の量は、前記第2バッファー層のp型不純物の量より多い請求項17の太陽電池。
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