JP5837746B2 - 導光ソーラーパネルおよびその製造方法 - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0004—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S11/00—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0004—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed
- G02B19/0019—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed having reflective surfaces only (e.g. louvre systems, systems with multiple planar reflectors)
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
- G02B19/0004—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed
- G02B19/0028—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed refractive and reflective surfaces, e.g. non-imaging catadioptric systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0232—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device
- H01L31/02327—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the device the optical elements being integrated or being directly associated to the device, e.g. back reflectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
- H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
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- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0075—Arrangements of multiple light guides
- G02B6/0078—Side-by-side arrangements, e.g. for large area displays
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
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- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
- Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
Description
ソーラーパネルにおいて、前記光導波段は複数の導波路を備えることができ、各導波路は、前記少なくとも1つの光出射開口のうちの1つに光学的に接続されており、各導波路は、対応する光出射開口から光を受光し、その光を当該導波路に沿って少なくとも前記光学要素によって決定される方向に伝播させる。各導波路は、導波路出射面を有することができ、前記導波段の出射面は、各導波路の導波路出射面を含んでいる。前記光学要素は、各導波路に沿って一方向にのみ伝播するように、あるいは各導波路に沿って2つの正反対の方向に伝播するように、光を導光することができる。前記光学要素は、体積相ホログラム(volume phase hologram)を含むことができる。前記光学要素は、複数のプリズム尾根を含むことができる。
一般に、本発明は、導光ソーラーパネル(LGSP)を使用して、絶縁または他の透明パネルの内側に光を閉じ込め、その光をパネルの縁のうちの1つへ伝播させて太陽エネルギー収集器(SEC)によって収穫する太陽エネルギーシステムを提供する。これは、厚さがモジュールの縁に位置するSEC(例えば、PVセルであってよい)の高さと同程度であるきわめて薄いモジュールを可能にし、CPVシステムなどの伝統的な太陽エネルギーシステムにつきものの奥行きの要件を取り除く。LGSPに入射する光は、方向転換させられて内部に閉じ込められ、パネルの縁のうちの1つを通ってパネルから出射し、この縁においてSECに受光される。
Claims (14)
- 太陽光を透過する光透過性材料からなる略平坦な円形の光入射スラブであって、入射する太陽光を受けるための入射面と、複数の第1光学要素と、前記光透過性材料から形成された複数の光出射開口とを有し、
前記第1光学要素は、光集束要素であって、前記複数の光出射開口と前記複数の第1光学要素とは、これらの間に1対1の関係が存在する様に関連付けられており、前記第1光学要素の各々は、前記入射面と、該第1光学要素に対応する光出射開口との間に光学的に位置し、
前記第1光学要素の各々は、反射面を持った第1反射鏡を有し、複数の前記第1反射鏡は、同心円に配置されており、前記反射面は、(i)該反射面にて太陽光を全反射するために、前記入射面を通過した太陽光を臨界角より大きい角度で受ける様に、且つ、(ii)受けた太陽光を、入射する太陽光に対して傾いた角度で1回、反射することにより、太陽光が、前記複数の光出射開口の1つに集中しながら、当該光出射開口の1つへ向けて光学的に向きを変える様に、前記入射面に対して配置されている、光入射スラブと、
太陽光を透過する略平坦且つくさび形の断面を有する円形の光導波スラブであって、第1の表面と、前記第1の表面に対向する複数の第2反射鏡と、出射面とを有し、
前記出射面は、前記同心円の中心に配置されており、
前記第2反射鏡の各々は、前記第1光学要素の1つと関連付けられており、前記複数の光出射開口の少なくとも幾つかは、隣接する前記第2反射鏡の間に位置する、光導波スラブと、
前記光入射スラブ及び前記光導波スラブによって集中させた太陽光を受けるための太陽エネルギー収集器と、
太陽光を透過する第2光学要素であって、前記光導波スラブ内を伝播する太陽光の少なくとも一部が前記太陽エネルギー収集器へ向けて向きを変える様に配置された少なくとも1つの反射面を有する、第2光学要素と
を備え、
前記光導波スラブは、前記光出射開口の各々に光学的に結合されることにより、該光出射開口から分岐した太陽光を受け、前記第1の表面及び前記複数の第2反射鏡は、前記光出射開口を介して受けた太陽光が、前記複数の第2反射鏡と前記第1の表面との間での多数回の全反射を経て、前記光導波スラブを通って前記出射面の方へ導かれる様に、配置され且つ並べられており、
前記第2反射鏡の各々は、平面反射鏡を含んでおり、
前記平面反射鏡は、前記第1の表面に対して略平行であって、
前記第1の表面および前記平面反射鏡は、それぞれ、前記入射面に対して1〜5°の角度に位置している、導光ソーラーパネルモジュール。 - 前記光入射スラブと前記光導波スラブとの間に形成されたクラッド層を更に備え、前記クラッド層は、前記光入射スラブの屈折率より小さく且つ前記光導波スラブの屈折率より小さい屈折率を有している、請求項1に記載の導光ソーラーパネルモジュール。
- 前記第2光学要素は、前記光導波スラブとは別個の要素であり、前記出射面と前記太陽エネルギー収集器との間に光学的に存在し、且つ、太陽光を集中させる、請求項1又は請求項2の何れか1つに記載の導光ソーラーパネルモジュール。
- 前記太陽エネルギー収集器は光起電力セルであり、前記光入射スラブ及び前記光導波スラブはそれぞれ、成形ポリマーから形成されている、請求項1乃至請求項3の何れか1つに記載の導光ソーラーパネルモジュール。
- 太陽光を透過する光透過性材料からなる略平坦な円形の光入射スラブであって、互いに間隔を開けて位置する複数の第1光学要素を有し、前記第1光学要素の各々は、入射する太陽光を受けるための入射面と、反射面を持った第1反射鏡とを有し、複数の前記第1反射鏡は、同心円に配置されている、光入射スラブと、
略平坦且つくさび形の断面を有すると共に太陽光を透過する材料からなる円形の光導波スラブであって、第1反射面と、前記第1反射面に対向すると共に互いに間隔を開けて位置する複数の平坦な第2反射鏡と、出射面とを有し、前記出射面は、前記同心円の中心に配置されている、光導波スラブと、
前記光入射スラブ及び前記光導波スラブによって集中させた太陽光を受けるための太陽エネルギー収集器と、
太陽光を透過する第2光学要素であって、前記光導波スラブ内を伝播する太陽光の少なくとも一部が前記太陽エネルギー収集器へ向けて向きを変える様に配置された少なくとも1つの反射面を有する、第2光学要素と
を備え、
前記第1反射鏡の前記反射面は、(i)該反射面にて太陽光を全反射するために
、前記入射面を通過した太陽光を臨界角より大きい角度で受ける様に、且つ、(ii)受けた太陽光を1回、反射し、集束することにより、太陽光が、前記光導波スラブの中へ向けて向きを変える様に、入射する太陽光に対して傾けられており、
前記光導波スラブは、前記光入射スラブの各第1反射鏡に光学的に結合されることにより、該第1反射鏡から太陽光を受け、前記第1反射面及び前記複数の第2反射鏡は、前記第1反射鏡から受けた太陽光が、前記複数の第2反射鏡と前記第1反射面との間での多数回の全反射を経て、前記光導波スラブを通って前記出射面の方へ導かれる様に、配置され且つ並べられており、
前記第2反射鏡の各々は、平面反射鏡を含んでおり、
前記平面反射鏡は、前記第1反射面に対して略平行であって、
前記第1反射面および前記平面反射鏡は、それぞれ、前記入射面に対して1〜5°の角度に位置している、導光ソーラーパネルモジュール。 - 前記光入射スラブと前記光導波スラブとの間に形成されたクラッド層を更に備え、前記クラッド層は、前記光入射スラブの屈折率より小さく且つ前記光導波スラブの屈折率より
小さい屈折率を有している、請求項5に記載の導光ソーラーパネルモジュール。 - 前記光入射スラブは、前記光透過性材料から形成された複数の光出射開口を更に有し、前記光出射開口は、隣接する前記第2反射鏡の間に位置し、前記第1光学要素の前記第1反射鏡は、受けた太陽光を、前記光出射開口の1つに向けて集束させるように反射する、請求項5又は請求項6に記載の導光ソーラーパネルモジュール。
- 前記第2光学要素は、前記光導波スラブとは別個の要素であり、前記出射面と前記太陽エネルギー収集器との間に光学的に存在し、且つ、太陽光を集中させる、請求項5乃至請求項7の何れか1つに記載の導光ソーラーパネルモジュール。
- 前記太陽エネルギー収集器は光起電力セルであり、前記光入射スラブ及び前記光導波スラブはそれぞれ、成形ポリマーから形成されている、請求項5乃至請求項8の何れか1つに記載の導光ソーラーパネルモジュール。
- 太陽光を透過する略平坦な円形の光入射スラブであって、互いに間隔を開けて位置する複数の光集束要素を有し、前記光集束要素の各々は、入射する太陽光を受けるための入射面を有する、光入射スラブと、
太陽光を透過する略平坦な円形の光導波スラブであって、第1反射面と、前記第1反射面に対向すると共に互いに間隔を開けて位置する複数の反射鏡と、前記円形の中心に配置されている出射面とを有する、光導波スラブと、
前記光入射スラブと前記光導波スラブとの間に形成されたクラッド層であって、前記光入射スラブの屈折率より小さく且つ前記光導波スラブの屈折率より小さい屈折率を有する、クラッド層と、
前記光入射スラブ及び前記光導波スラブによって受け且つ集中させた太陽光を受けるための太陽エネルギー収集器と、
太陽光を透過する第2光学要素であって、前記光導波スラブ内を伝播する太陽光の少なくとも一部が前記太陽エネルギー収集器へ向けて向きを変える様に配置され且つ構成された少なくとも1つの反射面を有する、第2光学要素と
を備え、
前記光導波スラブは、前記光入射スラブの各光集束要素に光学的に結合されることにより、該光集束要素から太陽光を受け、前記第1反射面及び前記複数の反射鏡は、前記光集束要素から受けた太陽光が、光導波スラブ内での多数回の全反射を経て前記出射面の方へ導かれる様に、配置され且つ並べられており、
前記反射鏡の各々は、平面反射鏡を含んでおり、
前記平面反射鏡は、前記第1反射面に対して略平行であって、
前記第1反射面は、前記入射面に対して1〜5°の角度に位置している、導光ソーラーパネルモジュール。 - 隣接する前記反射鏡の間に位置する光出射開口を更に備えており、
前記光出射開口は、前記光集束要素で集束される太陽光が通過できる位置に配置される、請求項10に記載の導光ソーラーパネルモジュール。 - 前記太陽エネルギー収集器は光起電力セルであり、前記光入射スラブ及び前記光導波スラブはそれぞれ、成形ポリマーから形成されている、請求項10又は請求項11に記載の導光ソーラーパネルモジュール。
- 前記第2光学要素は、前記光導波スラブとは別個の要素であり、前記出射面と前記太陽エネルギー収集器との間に光学的に存在し、且つ、太陽光を集中させる、請求項10乃至
請求項12の何れか1つに記載の導光ソーラーパネルモジュール。 - 前記第2光学要素は、前記光導波スラブと一体である、請求項10乃至請求項12の何れか1つに記載の導光ソーラーパネルモジュール。
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