JP5829279B2 - ウレタン発泡成形体およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
ウレタン発泡成形体およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5829279B2 JP5829279B2 JP2013534688A JP2013534688A JP5829279B2 JP 5829279 B2 JP5829279 B2 JP 5829279B2 JP 2013534688 A JP2013534688 A JP 2013534688A JP 2013534688 A JP2013534688 A JP 2013534688A JP 5829279 B2 JP5829279 B2 JP 5829279B2
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- urethane foam
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Description
本発明のウレタン発泡成形体は、ポリウレタンフォームからなる基材と、該基材中に配合され互いに連接して配向している複合粒子と、を有する。
本発明のウレタン発泡成形体の製造方法は、複合粒子を撹拌造粒法により製造する場合の製造方法であって、複合粒子製造工程と、原料混合工程と、発泡成形工程と、を有する。以下、各工程について説明する。
本工程は、撹拌造粒機を用いて、熱伝導性粒子の粉末、磁性粒子の粉末、絶縁性無機粒子の粉末、およびバインダーを含む粉末原料を撹拌し、複合粒子の粉末を製造する工程である。
本工程は、先の工程において製造された複合粒子の粉末と、発泡ウレタン樹脂原料と、必要に応じて絶縁性無機粒子の粉末と、を混合して混合原料とする工程である。
本工程は、先の工程において得られた混合原料を、発泡型のキャビティ内に注入し、該キャビティ内の磁束密度が略均一になるように磁場をかけながら発泡成形する工程である。
[実施例]
絶縁性無機粒子が異なる二種類の複合粒子を製造した。まず、熱伝導性粒子としての膨張黒鉛粉末(三洋貿易(株)から購入した「SYZR502FP」、熱伝導率250W/m・K、平均粒子径300μm)と、磁性粒子としてのステンレス鋼粉末(SUS410L、薄片状、平均粒子径20μm)と、絶縁性無機粒子としてのアルミナ粉末(昭和電工(株)製「AL−43KT」、メディアン径4.6μm)と、バインダーとしてのヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース(HPMC、信越化学工業(株)製「TC−5」)と、を準備した。上記薄片状のステンレス鋼粉末は、球状のステンレス鋼粉末(大同特殊鋼(株)製「DAP410L」、平均粒子径10μm)を、扁平化処理して製造した。すなわち、球状のステンレス鋼粉末を、遊星ボールミル(Gokin Planetaring社製「Planet−M」)に、直径5mmのジルコニア製ボールと共に充填し、回転速度300rpmで1時間、処理した。
絶縁性無機粒子としての水酸化アルミニウム粉末の配合量を変更して、三種類の複合粒子を製造した。なお、比較例3については、水酸化アルミニウム粉末を配合せずに、膨張黒鉛粒子にステンレス鋼粒子だけを複合化した(表1参照)。比較例1の複合粒子において、膨張黒鉛粒子と水酸化アルミニウム粒子との体積比は、約2.5:7.5であった。また、比較例2の複合粒子において、膨張黒鉛粒子と水酸化アルミニウム粒子との体積比は、約5:5であった。
製造した複合粒子の粉末を、走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)にて観察した。図1に、実施例2の複合粒子のSEM写真を示す(倍率500倍)。図2に、比較例3の複合粒子のSEM写真を示す(倍率500倍)。図2に示すように、比較例3の複合粒子においては、膨張黒鉛粒子の表面にステンレス鋼粒子が接着されていることが確認できる。一方、図1に示すように、実施例2の複合粒子においては、膨張黒鉛粒子の表面にステンレス鋼粒子が接着されており、その上に水酸化アルミニウム粒子が接着されていることが確認できる。つまり、実施例2の複合粒子においては、水酸化アルミニウム粒子が最表面に配置されている。
製造した複合粒子を用いて、ウレタン発泡成形体を製造した。まず、発泡ウレタン樹脂原料を、次のようにして調製した。ポリオール成分のポリエーテルポリオール(住化バイエルウレタン(株)製「S−0248」、平均分子量6000、官能基数3、OH価28mgKOH/g)100質量部と、架橋剤のジエチレングリコール(三菱化学(株)製)2質量部と、発泡剤の水2質量部と、テトラエチレンジアミン系触媒(花王(株)製「カオーライザー(登録商標)No.31」)1質量部と、シリコーン系整泡剤(東レ・ダウコーニング(株)製「SZ−1313」)0.5質量部と、を混合して、ポリオール原料を調製した。調製したポリオール原料に、ポリイソシアネート成分のジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)(BASFINOACポリウレタン(株)製「NE1320B」、NCO=44.8wt%)を加えて混合し、発泡ウレタン樹脂原料とした。ここで、ポリオール成分とポリイソシアネート成分との配合比(PO:ISO)は、両者の合計質量を100%として、PO:ISO=78.5:21.5とした。
製造したウレタン発泡成形体について、熱伝導性、電気絶縁性、および難燃性を評価した。以下、各々の評価方法について説明する。
ウレタン発泡成形体の熱伝導率を、JIS A1412−2(1999)の熱流計法に準拠した、英弘精機(株)製「HC−110」を用いて測定した。
ウレタン発泡成形体の体積抵抗率を、JIS K6271(2008)の平行端子電極法に準じて測定した。印加電圧は、1kVとした。
ウレタン発泡成形体の難燃性を、米国のUnderwriters Laboratories,Inc.により制定された燃焼試験規格(UL94)に基づいて、評価した。そして、「V−0」の判定基準を満たした場合を、合格(表1中○印で示す)と評価した。
Claims (11)
- ポリウレタンフォームからなる基材と、該基材中に配合され互いに連接して配向している複合粒子と、を有し、
該複合粒子は、非磁性体からなり熱伝導率が200W/m・K以上の熱伝導性粒子と、該熱伝導性粒子の表面にバインダーにより接着された磁性粒子および絶縁性無機粒子と、からなり、
該絶縁性無機粒子は、水酸化アルミニウム、酸化アルミニウム、水酸化マグネシウム、酸化マグネシウム、タルクから選ばれる一種以上の粒子であり、
該複合粒子における該熱伝導性粒子と該絶縁性無機粒子との体積割合は4:6〜3:7であることを特徴とするウレタン発泡成形体。 - 前記複合粒子の最表層には、前記絶縁性無機粒子が配置されている請求項1に記載のウレタン発泡成形体。
- 前記絶縁性無機粒子の熱伝導率は、5W/m・K以上である請求項1または請求項2に記載のウレタン発泡成形体。
- 前記絶縁性無機粒子の粒子径は、前記熱伝導性粒子の粒子径の1/100以上1/10以下である請求項1ないし請求項3のいずれかに記載のウレタン発泡成形体。
- 前記熱伝導性粒子は、天然黒鉛粒子および膨張黒鉛粒子の少なくとも一方である請求項1ないし請求項4のいずれかに記載のウレタン発泡成形体。
- 前記バインダーは、メチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、ポリビニルアルコールから選ばれる一種以上である請求項1ないし請求項5のいずれかに記載のウレタン発泡成形体。
- 熱伝導率は1W/m・K以上、かつ、1kVの電圧印加時の体積抵抗率は108Ω・cm以上である請求項1ないし請求項6のいずれかに記載のウレタン発泡成形体。
- さらに、前記基材中に分散される前記絶縁性無機粒子を有する請求項1ないし請求項7のいずれかに記載のウレタン発泡成形体。
- 請求項1ないし請求項8のいずれかに記載のウレタン発泡成形体の製造方法であって、
撹拌造粒機を用いて、前記熱伝導性粒子の粉末、前記磁性粒子の粉末、前記絶縁性無機粒子の粉末、および前記バインダーを含む粉末原料を撹拌し、前記複合粒子の粉末を製造する複合粒子製造工程と、
製造された該複合粒子の粉末と、発泡ウレタン樹脂原料と、必要に応じて前記絶縁性無機粒子の粉末と、を混合して混合原料とする原料混合工程と、
該混合原料を発泡型のキャビティ内に注入し、該キャビティ内の磁束密度が略均一になるように磁場をかけながら発泡成形する発泡成形工程と、
を有することを特徴とするウレタン発泡成形体の製造方法 - 前記複合粒子製造工程は、前記熱伝導性粒子の粉末、前記磁性粒子の粉末、および前記バインダーを含む第一粉末原料を撹拌する第一撹拌工程と、撹拌物に、前記絶縁性無機粒子の粉末および該バインダーを添加して、さらに撹拌する第二撹拌工程と、を有する請求項9に記載のウレタン発泡成形体の製造方法。
- 前記複合粒子製造工程において、前記絶縁性無機粒子の粉末の配合量は、前記熱伝導性粒子の粉末100質量部に対して150質量部以上250質量部以下である請求項9または請求項10に記載のウレタン発泡成形体の製造方法。
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