JP5795072B2 - Rna干渉を誘導する核酸分子及びその用途 - Google Patents
Rna干渉を誘導する核酸分子及びその用途 Download PDFInfo
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Description
前記薬学組成物は、充填剤、抗凝集剤、潤滑剤、湿潤剤、香料、乳化剤及び防腐剤等をさらに含んでもよい。また、本発明の薬学組成物は、ほ乳動物に投与された後、活性成分の迅速、持続または遅延放出を提供できるように当業界に公示された方法を使って、剤形化される。剤形は滅菌注射溶液などの形態でありうる。
第2鎖の長さは、21ntと短く維持し、第1鎖で第2鎖と二本鎖を形成する領域を19ntにして、第1鎖の3'末端を標的mRNAと相補的な配列で17ntの長さの一本鎖領域を持つように作製した。作製された長いアンチセンス鎖を持つsiRNAをロング・アンチセンス(long-antisense)siRNA(lsiRNA)と命名した。拡張配列に含まれる核酸オリゴヌクレオチドによってsiRNAが標的mRNAに誘導されるか典型的なアンチセンス機構(antisense mechanism)として作用する(図2)。
第2鎖の長さを、15ntと短く維持し、第1鎖で第2鎖と二本鎖を形成する領域を19ntにして、第1鎖の3'末端を標的mRNAと相補的な配列で17ntの長さの拡張配列を持ち5'末端は平滑末端を持つように作製した。作製された長いアンチセンス鎖を持つsiRNAは、ロング・アンチセンスasiRNA(lasiRNA)と命名した。拡張配列に含まれる核酸オリゴヌクレオチドによってsiRNAが標的mRNAに誘導されるか典型的なアンチセンス機構として作用する(図3)。
CTNNB1−2siRNA及びDz339 DNAザイムを利用して、センス鎖の長さを21ntと短く維持し、19ntの長さのアンチセンス鎖の3'末端にDNAザイムを持つように長いアンチセンス鎖を持つ構造を作製した。作製された構造体をDNAザイム−guided siRNA(siRZNA)と命名した(図4)。
癌細胞の成長に関与する遺伝子であるKRASの発現を阻害するsiRNAをデザインした。また、既存siRNA構造(19+2)のアンチセンス鎖の3'末端に各5、10、15ntが加わったロング・アンチセンスsiRNA(lsiRNA)を作製した。この時、下記の通り標的mRNAと相補的な配列のDNAに拡張された構造(21S+5d、10d、15d)と、対照群として標的mRNAと相補的でない配列のDNAに拡張された構造(21S+5c、10c、15c)を作製して、標的遺伝子発現抑制効率を比較した(図5)。またlsiRNAのシード配列(seed sequence)を変異させた構造(21+15d−mut)を作製して、lsiRNAの遺伝子抑制力がsiRNAと共にシード配列依存的であるかをテストした。各siRNA及びlsiRNAは、10nM濃度でリポフェクトアミン2000(invitrogen)を利用してAGS cell(ATCC CRL 1739、Gastric adenocarcinoma、human)にトランスフェクションした。mRNA測定のためのReal−time PCRに用いられたプライマーは下記の通りである。
KRAS
フォワード配列 5’−GAGTGCCTTGACGATACAGC−3’(配列番号15)
リバース配列 5’−CCCTCATTGCACTGTACTCC−3’(配列番号16)
実施例4に追加して、本発明に係る核酸分子構造がアシンメトリック・ショーター・デュプレックス(asymmetric shorter duplex)siRNA(asiRNA)に適用時、これの標的遺伝子発現抑制力を向上させることができるか調べた。
実施例4同様に既存asiRNA構造のアンチセンス鎖の3'末端に標的mRNAと相補的な配列のDNAに拡張された構造(16S+5d、10d、15d)及び相補的でない配列のDNAに拡張された対照群(16S+5c、10c、15c)ロング・アンチセンスasiRNA(lasiRNA)を作製してAGS細胞にトランスフェクションした後、癌細胞成長阻害力を比較した(図8)。これらのRNAをAGS細胞にトランスフェクションした後、実施例4と同様の方法でreal−time PCRを行って、標的遺伝子であるKRAS発現抑制効率を検証した(図9)。各asiRNA及びlasiRNAは、10nM濃度でリポフェクトアミン2000(invitrogen)を利用して、AGS cell(ATCC CRL 1739,Gastric adenocarcinoma,human)にトランスフェクションした。
次に、siRNA及びasiRNA対応各々向上した標的遺伝子抑制力を示すKRAS標的lsiRNA及びlasiRNA構造がAGS癌細胞の成長抑制力も増加させるかを確認した。これのために、10nMのRNAを96ウェルプレートに播種されたAGS細胞にリポフェクトアミン2000でトランスフェクションしてから5日後の細胞の生存率を顕微鏡観察で直接細胞の個数を目でカウントして測定した。
次に、lsiRNA及びlasiRNAの拡張配列がDNAでないRNAの場合にも、各々相応するsiRNA及びasiRNAに比べて標的遺伝子発現抑制力が増加するかを調べた。
図11のように10個のmRNA相補的拡張配列を持つlsiRNA(21S+10r)及びlasiRNA(16S+10r)を作製し、対照群としてmRNAに相補的でない拡張配列を持つ構造(21S+10rc、16S+10rc)も共に作製した。これらをAGS細胞にトランスフェクションした後、実施例4と同様の方法でKRAS mRNA発現抑制効率を調べた。
8−1:CTNNB1 mRNA発現レベル測定
次に、本発明に係る核酸分子構造が異なる遺伝子を標的遺伝子とするasiRNAの活性増加を誘導できるか確認するために、β−カテニン(CTNNB1)を標的にするasiRNAに対応するlasiRNA構造を作製した(図13)。その次に、Hep3B細胞(ATCC HB 8064)にリポフェクトアミン2000で10nMの濃度でトランスフェクションした後、リアルタイムPCRで標的遺伝子の発現抑制力を調べた。
CTNNB1
フォワード配列 5’−ATGTCCAGCGTTTGGCTGAA−3’(配列番号32)
リバース配列 5’−TGGTCCTCGTCATTTAGCAGTT−3’(配列番号33)
このようなlasiRNA構造による標的遺伝子抑制力増加は、Hep3B癌細胞成長阻害力測定を介して再検証された。即ち、10nMのsiRNA、asiRNA、lasiRNAをHep3B細胞に導入してから5日後、細胞成長程度を、細胞数測定を介して調べた。細胞の生存率は、顕微鏡観察を介して直接細胞の個数を目で測定して調べた。簡単に説明すると、96ウェルプレートに播種されたAGS細胞に10nMのsiRNA、asiRNA、lasiRNAをトランスフェクションさせてから5日後、生き残った細胞の数を直接目でカウントして測定した。
本発明に係る核酸分子が、従来の19+2 siRNAやasiRNAと同じRNAi機序によって遺伝子発現を抑制させるか確認するために、下記の実験を行った。即ち、標的mRNAに対する切断部位を分析するために、5’RACE分析を行った。
先ず、実施例4及び5で作製したsiKRAS、asiKRAS、LaiKRAS、LasiKRASをPEIを利用してHeLa細胞に導入してから18時間後にトリ・リージェント・キット(Tri-reagent kit)(Ambion)で全RNAを抽出した。全RNA(3μg)は、前処理なしに0.25μgのGeneRacer RNA oligoをライゲーション(ligation)させた後、GeneRacer RNA oligo−ライゲーションされた全RNAをGeneRacer oligo dT及びSuperScript(商品名)III RT kit(Invitrogen)を利用して逆転写させた。RNAオリゴライゲーションされたmRNAは、遺伝子特異的なプライマーを利用して増幅した。その次に、PCR産物は、T&A vector(RBC)でクローンした後、M13 フォワードプライマーでシーケンスした。
KRAS Gene specific Primer:
5'−CTGCATGCACCAAAAACCCCAAGACA−3'(配列番号34)
KRAS Gene Specific Primer Nested:
5'−CACAAAGAAAGCCCTCCCCAGTCCTCA−3'(配列番号35)
Claims (28)
- 第1鎖と第2鎖を含む、RNAiを誘導する核酸分子であって、
前記第1鎖が24〜121ntの長さであり、そして標的核酸と相補的な一部領域、5'末端の0乃至3ntの突出部、及び直接又はリンカーによって標的核酸と相補的に結合する前記一部領域に連結し前記の標的核酸に相補的な15乃至100ntの3'末端の一本鎖領域を含み、そして
前記第2鎖が13〜21ntの長さであり、そして標的核酸と相補的な第1鎖の前記一部領域と相補的結合を形成する領域を持つ、
前記核酸分子。 - 前記第1鎖は、5'末端に1乃至3ntの突出部を持つことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のRNAiを誘導する核酸分子。
- 前記第1鎖の5'末端が平滑末端であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のRNAiを誘導する核酸分子。
- 前記第1鎖と相補的な第2鎖の長さは、13〜16ntであることを特徴とする請求項3に記載のRNAiを誘導する核酸分子。
- 前記第1鎖の標的核酸と相補的な一部領域の長さは、19〜21ntであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のRNAiを誘導する核酸分子。
- 前記標的核酸は、mRNA、microRNA、piRNA、コードDNA配列及び非コードDNA配列のいずれか一つであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のRNAiを誘導する核酸分子。
- 前記第1鎖の第2鎖と相補的結合を形成しない一本鎖領域は、リンカーによって前記第2鎖と相補的結合を形成する領域に連結されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のRNAiを誘導する核酸分子。
- 前記リンカーは、化学的リンカーであることを特徴とする請求項7に記載のRNAiを誘導する核酸分子。
- 前記化学的リンカーは、核酸、PNA、ペプチド、ジスルフィド結合または、ポリエチレングリコールであることを特徴とする請求項8に記載のRNAiを誘導する核酸分子。
- 前記第1鎖の一本鎖領域が、アンチセンスDNA、アンチセンスRNA、リボザイム及びDNAザイムで構成された群から選択される核酸オリゴヌクレオチドを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のRNAiを誘導する核酸分子。
- 前記核酸分子は、化学的変形を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のRNAiを誘導する核酸分子。
- 前記化学的変形は、前記核酸分子に含まれる少なくとも1種のヌクレオチドのリボースの2'位置のヒドロキシル基が、水素原子、フッ素原子、−O−アルキル基、−O−アシル基、及びアミノ基のいずれか一つに置き換えられることによって得られる請求項11に記載のRNAiを誘導する核酸分子。
- 前記化学的変形は、前記核酸分子に含まれる少なくとも1種のヌクレオチドのホスフェートバックボーンがホスホロチオエート型(phosphorothioate form)、ホスホロジチオエート型(phosphorodithioate form)、アルキルホスホネート型(alkylphosphonate form)、ホスホラミデート型(phosphoramidate form)及びボラノホスフェート型(boranophosphate form)のいずれか一つに置き換えられることによって得られる請求項11に記載のRNAiを誘導する核酸分子。
- 前記化学的変形は、前記核酸分子に含まれる少なくとも1種のヌクレオチドがLNA(locked nucleic acid)、UNA(unlocked nucleic acid)、モルホリノ(Morpholino)及びPNA(peptide nucleic acid)のいずれか一つに置き換えられることによって得られる請求項11に記載のRNAiを誘導する核酸分子。
- 前記化学的変形は、前記核酸分子が、脂質、細胞透過性ペプチド及び細胞標的リガンドからなる群から選択される一つ以上と結合することによって得られる請求項11に記載のRNAiを誘導する核酸分子。
- 前記第1鎖で前記一本鎖領域を構成する塩基の少なくとも一つ以上が巨大(bulky)塩基類似体(base analog)を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のRNAiを誘導する核酸分子。
- 請求項1〜16のいずれか一項に記載のRNAiを誘導する核酸分子に細胞伝達体が結合している核酸複合体。
- 前記細胞伝達体はカチオン性ポリマー、脂質、細胞透過性ペプチド及び細胞標的リガンドからなる群から選択されることを特徴とする請求項17に記載の核酸複合体。
- 請求項17に記載の核酸複合体をインビトロの細胞内に導入させることを特徴とするRNAiを誘導する核酸分子の細胞内伝達方法。
- 請求項1〜16のいずれか一項に記載のRNAiを誘導する核酸分子を含有する遺伝子発現抑制用組成物。
- 前記核酸分子に細胞伝達体をさらに結合させたことを特徴とする請求項20に記載の遺伝子発現抑制用組成物。
- 請求項1〜16のいずれか一項に記載のRNAiを誘導する核酸分子をインビトロの細胞内に導入させる工程を含む細胞内標的遺伝子の発現抑制方法。
- 前記核酸分子に細胞伝達体を追加的に結合させたことを特徴とする請求項22に記載の細胞内標的遺伝子の発現抑制方法。
- 請求項1〜16のいずれか一項に記載のRNAiを誘導する核酸分子をインビトロの細胞内で発現させる工程を含む細胞内標的遺伝子の発現抑制方法。
- 請求項1〜16のいずれか一項に記載の構造を持つRNAiを誘導する核酸分子を含有する抗癌組成物。
- 前記核酸分子に細胞伝達体を追加的に結合させたことを特徴とする請求項25に記載の抗癌組成物。
- 前記核酸分子は、腫瘍関連遺伝子を標的遺伝子とすることを特徴とする請求項25に記載の抗癌組成物。
- 前記腫瘍関連遺伝子は、KRas、Wnt−1、Hec1、Survivin、Livin、Bcl−2、XIAP、Mdm2、EGF、EGFR、VEGF、VEGFR、Mcl−1、IGF1R、Akt1、Grp78、STAT3、STAT5a、β−catenin、WISP1及びc−mycのいずれか一つであることを特徴とする請求項27に記載の抗癌組成物。
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EP3599280A1 (en) | 2020-01-29 |
EP2631291A4 (en) | 2015-01-14 |
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