JP5782019B2 - 切削工具 - Google Patents
切削工具 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5782019B2 JP5782019B2 JP2012500258A JP2012500258A JP5782019B2 JP 5782019 B2 JP5782019 B2 JP 5782019B2 JP 2012500258 A JP2012500258 A JP 2012500258A JP 2012500258 A JP2012500258 A JP 2012500258A JP 5782019 B2 JP5782019 B2 JP 5782019B2
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- Prior art keywords
- metal oxide
- oxide layer
- cutting tool
- tool according
- layer
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims description 42
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 50
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000002003 electron diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical group O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000168 high power impulse magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RHBRWKIPYGZNMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Cr+3] Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Cr+3] RHBRWKIPYGZNMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000608 laser ablation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 oxoboron nitride Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SHQFDSGEMAALDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si+4].[Cr+3].[O-2].[Al+3].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2] Chemical compound [Si+4].[Cr+3].[O-2].[Al+3].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2] SHQFDSGEMAALDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000313 electron-beam-induced deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- DVRNRDTVWXDESI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cr+3].[Zr+4].[O-2].[Y+3].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2] Chemical compound [Cr+3].[Zr+4].[O-2].[Y+3].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2] DVRNRDTVWXDESI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- NYWITVDHYCKDAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-) yttrium(3+) zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[Y+3].[Zr+4] NYWITVDHYCKDAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 76
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007542 hardness measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000992 sputter etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910025794 LaB6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005513 bias potential Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018557 Si O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XKIPKUMKVHOMGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Y].[Cr].[Zr] Chemical compound [Y].[Cr].[Zr] XKIPKUMKVHOMGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IHNDUGMUECOVKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum chromium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical group [O-2].[Cr+3].[O-2].[Al+3] IHNDUGMUECOVKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005068 cooling lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005566 electron beam evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002524 electron diffraction data Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MOWNZPNSYMGTMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidoboron Chemical compound O=[B] MOWNZPNSYMGTMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXSUUUWRUITOQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);yttrium(3+);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Y+3].[Y+3].[Zr+4].[Zr+4] JXSUUUWRUITOQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004627 transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/08—Oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/02—Cutting tools with straight main part and cutting edge at an angle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/08—Oxides
- C23C14/081—Oxides of aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/08—Oxides
- C23C14/083—Oxides of refractory metals or yttrium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
- C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
- B23B2228/08—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner applied by physical vapour deposition [PVD]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
- B23B2228/10—Coatings
- B23B2228/105—Coatings with specified thickness
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/256—Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof
- Y10T428/257—Iron oxide or aluminum oxide
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
- Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
- Y10T428/264—Up to 3 mils
- Y10T428/265—1 mil or less
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Description
基板温度 300〜800℃、好ましくは450〜650℃、特に好ましくは約550℃
基板バイアス −300〜0V、好ましくは約−150V
電力 5〜50KW、好ましくは約20KW
酸素流 50〜300sccm、好ましくは150sccm(Arガス0.2〜0.6Pa)
本発明のさらなる態様において、少なくとも1つの金属酸化物層の厚さは、0.2〜20μmの範囲、好ましくは0.5〜10μmの範囲、特に好ましくは1〜5μmの範囲である。
1.電子線回折(TEM)
ここで電子線回折について言及されるとき、次の条件、測定パラメータ、装置等で実行された。
透過型電子顕微鏡:
a)Zeis 912 Omega
Source LaB6
電子線回折用微細領域絞り:750nm、または
b)Jeol 2000FXII
Source LaB6
電子線回折用微細領域絞り:200nm
試料調製:平行な表面
コーティングされた基板本体を用いて、堆積層を有する厚さ300μmの試料が製造され、基板表面に平行に、100μmまで薄くし、超音波コアホール穴あけで形状に切削し、研磨ホルダー上にコーティング面を密着した。ついで、試料は、基板側が種々の粒径(50μm、25μm、9μm、および3μm)で、ダイアモンド膜上で研磨することにより20μmに手作業で薄くした。Al環が密着され、試料は、アルゴンイオンで基板側から4KV、25mAでイオンエッチング装置(Baltec RES 100)内でエッチングされ、電子透過性となるまで薄くされた。
試料調製:断面
コーティングされた基板本体を用いて、堆積されたコーティングを有し、残り厚さ1mmの試料が基板表面に平行な基板材料を分離することにより製造された。1mm厚さの、2つの残り部分が表面(コーティングの外側;対向して)で一緒に密着され、小さな細片部分はサンドイッチから切り出され、その細片部分は小さな管部分に埋め込まれる。管部分はディスク状に切り出され、そのディスクはダイアモンド膜で両側から研磨され、両側が凹む。エッチングは4KV、25mAでイオンエッチング装置PIPSを用いて両側から作用される。
2.XRD
ここでXRD測定について言及されるとき、次の条件、測定パラメータ、装置等で実行された。
3.ビッカース硬さの測定
ここでビッカース硬さ測定について言及されるとき、次の条件、測定パラメータ、装置等で実行された。
4.熱伝導度の測定
ここで熱伝導度測定について言及されるとき、次の条件、測定パラメータ、装置等で実行された。
カーバイド金属基板が、PVDコーティング装置(Flexicoat; Hauzer Techno Coating BV, Venlo,オランダ国 )を用いてデュアルマグネトロンプロセスで単層コーティングされた。基板の形態はSEHW 120408またはADMT 160608-F56 (DIN-ISO 1832による)であった。層の堆積の前に、装置は1×10−5mbarに排気され、カーバイド金属表面は170Vバイアス電圧でアルゴンイオンエッチングにより洗浄された。
例1
金属酸化物:Al2O3
−PVDプロセス:デュアルマグネトロン
−ターゲット:Al長方形ターゲット(81cm×16cm)
−堆積:基板温度:550℃
基板バイアス電圧:−150ボルト(DCパルス100KHz、2μsオフタイム)
電力:20KW
酸素流:150sccm(Arガス0.6Pa)
層厚さ:2.1μm
比較例1
金属酸化物:Al2O3
−PVDプロセス:シングルマグネトロン
−ターゲット:Al長方形ターゲット(81cm×16cm)
−堆積:基板温度:550℃
基板バイアス電圧:−120ボルト
電力:10KW
酸素流:150sccm(Arガス0.6Pa)
層厚さ:1.9μm
例2
金属酸化物:(Al,Cr)2O3
−PVDプロセス:デュアルマグネトロン
−ターゲット:Al/Cr−(70/30 原子%)長方形ターゲット(81cm×16cm)
−堆積:基板温度:550℃
基板バイアス電圧:−100ボルト(DCパルス70KHz、4μsオフタイム)
電力:20KW
酸素流:150sccm(Arガス0.2Pa)
層厚さ:3.3μm
比較例2
金属酸化物:(Al,Cr)2O3
−PVDプロセス:アーク蒸着
−ターゲット:Al/Cr−(70/30 原子%)円形ソース(径16cm)
−堆積:基板温度:550℃
蒸発器電流:2×160A
バイアス電圧:−60ボルト(双極)
酸素流:500sccm(Arガスなし)
層厚さ:2.5μm
TEM測定の結果は、例1および2によるAl2O3および(Al,Cr)2O3の層は、本発明による構造を有し、そこでは大部分の粒子内で構造的無秩序があることを示すが、それにもかかわらず長範囲の秩序または結晶性がある。XRDにおいて、コーティングは、ほとんどないがブロードな反射を示し、そしてバックグラウンドに関して非常に高いレベルの強度を示す。
上述の方法にしたがって、層厚さに関して、例1によるAl2O3コーティングの熱伝導度はCVDプロセスで堆積された粗結晶性のα−Al2O3コーティング(層厚さ:5μm)と比較された。例1による本発明のAl2O3コーティングの熱伝導度は、CVDプロセスを用いたコーティングの熱伝導度よりも約10%低かった。
ミル加工試験
42CrMoV4 スチール (1.7226;強度: 850 MPa)を含む工作物のミル加工試験において、例および比較例の切削工具が試験された。これらの試験において、ミル加工は、ダウンカットモードで、冷却潤滑剤なしに、切削速度Vc = 235m/分、刃送りfz = 0.2 mm/刃および切削深さ3mmで行った。工具径は125mm、切削幅は98mm、張り出しは5mm、傾斜角κは45度、そして前方傾斜角は0度であった。磨耗は、逃げ面で、(主切刃における)平均磨耗マークの幅VB mmとして、800mm、1600mm、2400mm、3200mm、4000mm、および4800 mmの距離のミル加工後に、測定された。以下の磨耗マークの幅VBmaxが見られた(表3)。
Claims (17)
- 基板本体とそれに付着された単層または多層コーティングを有する切削工具であり、コーティングの少なくとも1つの層はPVD法またはCVD法において作製された金属酸化物層であり、その金属酸化物層は粒子構造を有し、多数の存在する粒子構造の無秩序内に存在し、
その粒子構造の無秩序は、点形状反射が最大格子面間隔dGrenzまで粒子の電子線回折画像において生じ、そしてdGrenzより大きい格子面間隔では点形状反射は生じないが、アモルファス構造の代表的な強度分布を生じることを特徴とする、切削工具。 - 点形状反射が粒子の電子線回折画像において生じる最大格子面間隔dGrenzが0.1nm〜0.6nmの範囲である請求項1に記載の切削工具。
- 最大格子面間隔d Grenz が0.15nm〜0.40nmの範囲である請求項2に記載の切削工具。
- 少なくとも1つの金属酸化物層が、同一の組成と厚さの、純結晶性金属酸化物層と比較して、少なくとも5%低い、熱伝導度を有する請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の切削工具。
- 少なくとも1つの金属酸化物層が、同一の組成と厚さの、純結晶性金属酸化物層と比較して、少なくとも15%低い熱伝導度を有する請求項4に記載の切削工具。
- 少なくとも1つの金属酸化物層が、同じ組成と厚さの、純結晶性金属酸化物層と比較して、10%〜70%高いビッカース硬さを有する請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の切削工具。
- 金属酸化物層が、酸化アルミニウム、酸化アルミニウム−クロム、酸化アルミニウム−クロム−ケイ素、酸化クロム、酸化ケイ素、酸化イットリウム−ジルコニウム、酸化イットリウム−ジルコニウム−クロム;もしくはAl,Cr,Y,V,W,Ni,Ta,Mo,Zr,Hfおよび/またはSi金属の混合酸化物;の粒子を含む請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の切削工具。
- 金属酸化物層は、さらに不可避の不純物および/または製造に起因する残渣を含む請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の切削工具。
- 不可避の不純物および/または製造に起因する残渣が、アルゴン(Ar)、窒素(N 2 )および/またはヘリウム(He)である請求項8に記載の切削工具。
- 金属酸化物層の粒子は、2nm〜5000nmの範囲の平均粒径を有する請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の切削工具。
- 金属酸化物層の粒子は、20nm〜100nmの範囲の平均粒径を有する請求項10に記載の切削工具。
- 少なくとも1つの金属酸化物層は、次のパラメータを有するデュアルマグネトロンPVD法により堆積され得る請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の切削工具。
基板温度 450〜650℃、
基板バイアス −300〜0V、
電力 5〜50KW、
酸素流 50〜300sccm(Arガス0.2〜0.6Pa) - 少なくとも1つの金属酸化物層の厚さは、0.2〜20μmの範囲である請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の切削工具。
- 少なくとも1つの金属酸化物層の厚さは、1〜5μmの範囲である請求項13に記載の切削工具。
- 少なくとも1つの金属酸化物層は、高出力インパルスマグネトロンスパッタリング(HIPIMS)、反応マグネトロンスパッタリング(rMS),アーク蒸着(アークPVD),イオンプレーティング,電子ビーム蒸着,およびレーザーアブレーションから選択
されるPVDプロセスにより製造される請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の切削工具。 - 少なくとも1つの金属酸化物層のほかに、コーティングは、元素周期系のIVaからVIIa族の元素および/またはアルミニウムおよび/またはケイ素の元素の、カーバイド,窒化物,酸化物,炭窒化物,オキシ窒化物,オキシカーバイド,オキシ炭窒化物,ホウ化物,ホウ素窒化物,ホウ素カーバイド,ホウ素炭窒化物,ホウ素オキシ窒化物,ホウ素オキソカーバイド,ホウ素オキソ炭窒化物,およびオキソホウ素窒化物、ならびにそれらの混合金属相および相混合物から選択された層をさらに含む請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の切削工具。
- 基板本体は、カーバイド金属、サーメット、スチールまたは高速度鋼(HSS)から製造される請求項1〜16のいずれか1項に記載の切削工具。
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US8741158B2 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2014-06-03 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Superhydrophobic transparent glass (STG) thin film articles |
US11292919B2 (en) | 2010-10-08 | 2022-04-05 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Anti-fingerprint coatings |
JP5876755B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-21 | 2016-03-02 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 高速断続切削加工においてすぐれた潤滑性、耐チッピング性、耐摩耗性を発揮する表面被覆切削工具 |
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US9771656B2 (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2017-09-26 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Superhydrophobic films and methods for making superhydrophobic films |
DE102012017809A1 (de) * | 2012-09-10 | 2014-03-13 | Oerlikon Trading Ag, Trübbach | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Metallborocarbidschicht auf einem Substrat |
US20150239773A1 (en) | 2014-02-21 | 2015-08-27 | Ut-Battelle, Llc | Transparent omniphobic thin film articles |
RU2585565C1 (ru) * | 2014-12-01 | 2016-05-27 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Ульяновский государственный технический университет" | Способ получения многослойного покрытия для режущего инструмента |
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