JP5766930B2 - 窒化ガリウム発光ダイオードの形成方法 - Google Patents
窒化ガリウム発光ダイオードの形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5766930B2 JP5766930B2 JP2010235788A JP2010235788A JP5766930B2 JP 5766930 B2 JP5766930 B2 JP 5766930B2 JP 2010235788 A JP2010235788 A JP 2010235788A JP 2010235788 A JP2010235788 A JP 2010235788A JP 5766930 B2 JP5766930 B2 JP 5766930B2
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- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 143
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 138
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004151 rapid thermal annealing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007725 thermal activation Methods 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005224 laser annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/005—Processes
- H01L33/0095—Post-treatment of devices, e.g. annealing, recrystallisation or short-circuit elimination
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/36—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the electrodes
- H01L33/40—Materials therefor
- H01L33/42—Transparent materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/005—Processes
- H01L33/0062—Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds
- H01L33/0066—Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds with a substrate not being a III-V compound
- H01L33/007—Processes for devices with an active region comprising only III-V compounds with a substrate not being a III-V compound comprising nitride compounds
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
- H01L33/025—Physical imperfections, e.g. particular concentration or distribution of impurities
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Led Devices (AREA)
- Recrystallisation Techniques (AREA)
Description
(a)p型GaN層50におけるドーパント活性化の程度が高い。
(b)n型コンタクト90nがレーザスパイクアニール(LSA)の使用により合金化されている。
(c)p型コンタクト90pがLSAの使用により合金化されている。
以下、上記相違点を実現するためのGaN LED10の処理方法を詳細に説明する。
p型GaN層50における活性化を高めるためには、アニールを高温で短期間実施することが望ましい。従来の高速熱アニール(RTA)を採用した場合、適用可能な最高温度は、GaN材料の特性劣化により制限される。MOCVD成長過程において(例えば、Mgの使用により)ドープされたp型GaN層50が分解されることが、そのような劣化のメカニズムの一つとして挙げられる。Mgを効果的に活性化させるためには比較的高いアニール温度が必要となるが、高温で長期間アニールを実行した場合、窒素の外方拡散によりGaNが分解されると共に、p型GaN中の自由正孔濃度が減少する。典型的なRTPアニール過程では、基板が窒素雰囲気下700℃で数十秒から数分の間保持される。
図5は、GaN LED10の形成過程において形成されるGaN LED構造100に適用されるLSAの第1の方法例に関する模式図である。GaN LED構造100は、基板20及びGaN多層構造30を備えている。走査レーザ光120は、p型GaN層50の表面52上に入射される。レーザ光120の走査は、レーザ光の走査または窒化ガリウムLED構造100の走査、例えば、GaN LED10の形成過程で使用されるウエハ(図示せず)の走査により実現される。滞留時間td=W/VSは、例えば、約10マイクロ秒(μs)から約10ミリ秒(ms)の範囲である。最大アニール温度TAMは、例えば、約900℃から約1500℃の範囲である。最大アニール温度TAMは、GaN LED構造100におけるGaN解離量、格子不整合による歪み緩和及び転位によって決定される。アニールの深さは、滞留時間とレーザ光の強度とに依存する。レーザ光の強度は、例えば、400W/mm2である。GaN多層構造30は、例えば、数μmから約10μmの厚みを有し、アニールは、典型的には10μmから100μmに達する(つまり、アニールは、一般的には、GaN多層構造の全厚みに施され、場合によっては基板20まで達する)。このようにしてp型GaN層50のドーパント活性化が高められるが、実施形態の一例では、下層のn型GaN層40のドーパント活性化も高められるという点でさらに有利である。
Claims (5)
- 多層体を形成する工程であって、前記多層体は、基板と、p型コンタクト層と、GaN多層構造とを有し、前記p型コンタクト層は、反射層としても機能し、前記基板上に配置され、前記GaN多層構造は、活性層を挟むn型GaN層およびp型GaN層を有し、前記p型GaN層が前記p型コンタクト層に隣接するように前記p型コンタクト層上に配置されるものである、多層体を形成する工程と、
前記n型GaN層上にn型コンタクトを形成する工程と、
前記n型コンタクトに対してレーザ光を走査することにより前記n型コンタクトに対してレーザスパイクアニール(LSA)を実行する工程と
を備える、窒化ガリウム(GaN)発光ダイオード(LED)の形成方法。 - 前記LSAを実行する工程は、前記n型GaN層対して前記レーザ光を走査する工程をさらに有する
請求項1に記載の窒化ガリウム発光ダイオードの形成方法。 - 前記n型コンタクトは、n型コンタクト抵抗を有し、
前記n型コンタクト抵抗は、前記n型コンタクトに対するLSAの実行により約1x10−4Ωcm2から約1x10−6Ωcm2の範囲となる
請求項2に記載の窒化ガリウム発光ダイオードの形成方法。 - 約900℃から約1500℃の範囲の最大アニール温度TAMを有するように前記LSAを実行すると共に、約10μsから約10msの範囲の滞留時間を有するように前記レーザ光を走査する工程をさらに備える
請求項1に記載の窒化ガリウム発光ダイオードの形成方法。 - 前記レーザ光は、約100:1のアスペクト比を有するライン型ビーム形状を有する
請求項1に記載の窒化ガリウム発光ダイオードの形成方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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US12/590,360 US8592309B2 (en) | 2009-11-06 | 2009-11-06 | Laser spike annealing for GaN LEDs |
US12/590,360 | 2009-11-06 |
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JP2015098901A Division JP5969656B2 (ja) | 2009-11-06 | 2015-05-14 | 窒化ガリウム発光ダイオード |
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JP2011101000A JP2011101000A (ja) | 2011-05-19 |
JP5766930B2 true JP5766930B2 (ja) | 2015-08-19 |
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JP2010235788A Expired - Fee Related JP5766930B2 (ja) | 2009-11-06 | 2010-10-20 | 窒化ガリウム発光ダイオードの形成方法 |
JP2015098901A Expired - Fee Related JP5969656B2 (ja) | 2009-11-06 | 2015-05-14 | 窒化ガリウム発光ダイオード |
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JP2015098901A Expired - Fee Related JP5969656B2 (ja) | 2009-11-06 | 2015-05-14 | 窒化ガリウム発光ダイオード |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US8592309B2 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP5766930B2 (ja) |
KR (2) | KR101704036B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102110748B (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI467799B (ja) |
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- 2010-10-19 KR KR1020100101732A patent/KR101704036B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2010-10-20 JP JP2010235788A patent/JP5766930B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-11-05 CN CN201010533083.2A patent/CN102110748B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN102110748A (zh) | 2011-06-29 |
US8592309B2 (en) | 2013-11-26 |
KR101706888B1 (ko) | 2017-02-14 |
US20110108796A1 (en) | 2011-05-12 |
KR20110050357A (ko) | 2011-05-13 |
KR20160032081A (ko) | 2016-03-23 |
JP2015167252A (ja) | 2015-09-24 |
JP5969656B2 (ja) | 2016-08-17 |
JP2011101000A (ja) | 2011-05-19 |
TW201143131A (en) | 2011-12-01 |
KR101704036B1 (ko) | 2017-02-07 |
CN102110748B (zh) | 2015-06-17 |
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