KR102517883B1 - 화합물 반도체 및 그 제조 방법 - Google Patents
화합물 반도체 및 그 제조 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102517883B1 KR102517883B1 KR1020197038085A KR20197038085A KR102517883B1 KR 102517883 B1 KR102517883 B1 KR 102517883B1 KR 1020197038085 A KR1020197038085 A KR 1020197038085A KR 20197038085 A KR20197038085 A KR 20197038085A KR 102517883 B1 KR102517883 B1 KR 102517883B1
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- H10D62/85—Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers characterised by the materials being Group III-V materials, e.g. GaAs
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- H01S5/343—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser
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- H01S5/343—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser
- H01S5/34333—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser with a well layer based on Ga(In)N or Ga(In)P, e.g. blue laser
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Abstract
Description
[도 2]본 발명에 있어서의, 비저항과 성장 레이트의 상대적 관계를 나타내는 그래프.
[도 3]본 발명에 있어서의, 비저항과 성장 레이트의 지수 피팅을 나타내는 그래프.
[도 4]본 발명에 있어서의, 전자농도와 비저항의 산포도.
[도 5]본 발명과 종래예를 포함하는, 고농도 n형-질화물반도체의 전자농도와 비저항의 산포도.
[도 6A]고농도 n형-질화물반도체의 전자농도와 비저항의 산포도(확대도).
[도 6B]고농도 n형-질화물반도체의 전자농도와 비저항의 산포도(보조도).
[도 7]본발명에 있어서의, 전자농도(n (RT))의 함수로서 고농도 n형 GaN에 관한 전자이동도의 실험 결과와 보상비θ을 변화시켜 관계식 (1)로 계산된 전자의 이동도를 나타내는 그래프(비특허문헌 13:APL MATERIALS 5, 126102(2017),” Electron transport properties of degenerate n-type GaN prepared by pulsed sputtering”으로부터 인용).
[도 8]본발명에 있어서의, 실온에서의 전자농도가 3.3×1020cm-3의 경우 Si도핑-GaN의 전자의 이동도의 온도의존성(a), Si도핑한 샘플과 Ge도핑한 샘플에 관한 전자의 이동도의 온도의존성과 피팅 커브(b), 실온에서의 전자농도의 함수로서 피팅한 비포물선계수α과 보상비θ의 그래프(c) (비특허문헌 13:APL MATERIALS 5, 126102(2017), “Electron transport properties of degenerate n-type GaN prepared by pulsed sputtering”으로부터 인용).
[도 9]Mg도핑 GaN박막의 표면AFM상(Fig.1),및 Mg억셉터(accepter)의 활성화에너지를 평가하기 위한 그래프(Fig.2) (제60회 응용 물리학회 춘계 학술강연회강연 예고집 30a-G21-1015-190으로부터 인용).
[도 10A]PSD법을 이용해서 제작한 AlGaN/GaN헤테로 접합FET의 (a)광학 현미경 사진과 (b)IV커브(일본과학기술진흥기구 CREST연구 영역 「프로세스 인테그레이션에 의한 기능 발현 나노 시스템의 창제」의 연구 종료 보고서로부터 인용).
[도 10B](a)펄스 스퍼터 퇴적법에 의해 제작한 GaN박막의 전자농도와 이동도의 관계, (b)Mg도핑 GaN 홀농도의 온도의존성(일본과학기술진흥기구 CREST연구 영역 「프로세스 인테그레이션)에 의한 기능 발현 나노 시스템의 창제」의 연구 종료 보고서으로부터 인용).
[도 11] PSD법으로 제작한 Si 도핑된 n형 GaN막의 전자 농도(Ne)와 전자 이동도(μe)의 관계를 나타내는 그래프.
[도 12] Si 농도가 2×1020cm-3인 GaN막의 산소 농도의 깊이 방향의 프로파일을 나타내는 SIMS 데이터의 그래프.
[도 13] 도 12에 도시한 Si 도핑된 GaN 스퍼터링 막의 표면 AFM 상.
[도 14] Si 농도(전자 농도)가 2×1020cm-3인 GaN막의 흡수 계수와 굴절률을 엘립소미터로 측정한 결과를 나타내는 그래프.
[도 15] GaN의 결정 구조를 나타내는 모식도(A), 평면 방향의 모식도(B).
[도 16A] 본 발명에서 사용하는 스퍼터 장치의 구성을 나타내는 모식도.
[도 16B] 본 발명에서 사용하는 스퍼터건의 모식측면도.
[도 17] 본 발명에서 스퍼터링 시에 스퍼터 장치의 전극에 인가하는 펄스 시퀀스의 일례를 나타내는 그래프.
[도 18] 본 발명에서 사용하는 스퍼터링 장치의 내부 구조를 나타내는 종단면의 모식도.
[도 19] 본 발명의 실시형태 1과 관련되는 반도체 장치의 단면 모식도.
[도 20] 본 발명의 실시형태 2와 관련되는 콘택트 구조를 나타내는 단면 모식도.
[도 21] 본 발명의 실시형태 3과 관련되는 콘택트 구조를 나타내는 단면 모식도.
[도 22] 본 발명을 적용할 수 있는 박막 트랜지스터의 단면 모식도.
[도 23] 본 발명을 적용할 수 있는 AlGaN/GaN·HEMT의 단면 모식도.
[도 24] 본 발명을 적용할 수 있는 LED 장치의 단면 모식도.
[도 25] 본 발명을 적용할 수 있는 면 발광 레이저 장치의 단면 모식도.
[도 26] 본 발명과 관련되는 GaN의 전자 농도와 저항율의 관계를 설명하기 위한 도면이다.
[도 27] 본 발명과 관련되는 GaN에 있어서, SIMS 측정으로 얻은 도너 불순물의 농도와 전자 농도의 관계를 정리한 도면이다.
[도 28] GaN의 표면 상태의 예로서, Ge 도핑된 GaN의 시료 표면의 AFM 상이다.
[도 29] 종형 파워 MOSFET의 단면 개략도이다.
[도 30] GaN계 LED의 단면 개략도이다.
[도 31] 쇼트키 다이오드의 단면 개략도이다.
2: 풀리는 롤
3: 감기는 롤
4: 기판 필름
5: 성막실
10: 연속 성막 장치
11: 챔버
12: 기판 전극
13: 스퍼터원
14: 직류 전원
15: 전원 제어부
16: 질소 공급원
17: 가열 장치
12a: 방열 시트
21: 기판
22: GaN
31: 기판
32: GaN
33: 절연층
34: 절연층
35: 콘택트홀부
41: n형 GaN 콘택트층
42: Ti층
43: Al층
44: Ni층
45: Au층
100: 종형 파워 MOSFET
101: 드레인
102: n+-GaN층
103: n--GaN층
104: p-GaN층
105: n+-GaN층
106: 절연막
107: 소스
108: 게이트
200: LED
201: 기판
202: n형 질화물 반도체층
203: 활성층
204: p형 질화물 반도체층
205: n측 전극
206: p측 전극
300: 쇼트키 다이오드
301: n+-GaN기판
302: n--GaN층
303: 오믹 전극
304: 쇼트키 전극
305: 절연막
306: n+-GaN층
Claims (20)
- 질소와 13족 원소인 B, Al, Ga 또는 In으로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택된 하나의 원소를 함유하는 2원계, 3원계 또는 4원계, 또한 Ge 또는 Si 중 어느 하나를 도너로서 함유하는 화합물반도체로서,
전자농도와 비저항의 두 물성값의 조합에 대해서,
(a)전자농도가 1.8×1020cm-3, 또한, 비저항이 0.25×10-3Ω·cm,
(b)전자농도가 3.6×1020cm-3, 또한, 비저항이 0.25×10-3Ω·cm,
(c)전자농도가 6×1020cm-3, 또한, 비저항이 0.15×10-3Ω·cm, 및,
(d)전자농도가 3×1020cm-3, 또한, 비저항이 0.15×10-3Ω·cm의 4점으로 둘러 싸여진 수치조건을 만족하는 화합물반도체. - 제1항에 있어서,
비저항이 0.190×10-3Ω·cm이하인 화합물반도체. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 화합물반도체는, Si를 도너로서 함유하고, Ge를 도너로서 함유하지 않는 화합물반도체. - 제1항에 있어서,
AFM에 의한 표면거칠기 측정으로 얻어진 RMS값이 1.5nm이하인 화합물반도체. - 제1항에 있어서,
n형 도전성이며, 전자이동도가 80cm2/ (V·s)이상인 화합물반도체. - 제1항에 있어서,
n형 도전성이며, 전자이동도가 130cm2/ (V·s)이하인 화합물반도체. - 제1항에 있어서,
Ga와 N을 함유하는 화합물반도체. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 13족 원소로서 Ga를 포함하고, Al 및/또는 In을 더 함유하는 화합물반도체. - 제1항에 있어서,
상기 화합물반도체는, Ge를 도너로서 함유하고, Si를 도너로서 함유하지 않는 화합물반도체. - 제1항 내지 제9항 중 어느 한 항에 기재된 화합물반도체가 사용된 도전부와 전극이 접속되어 이루어지는 콘택트 구조.
- 제10항에 따른 콘택트 구조를 구비하는 반도체 소자.
- 제1항 내지 제9항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 화합물 반도체가 사용된 투명 전극.
- 질소와 13족 원소인 B, Al, Ga 또는 In으로 이루어지는 군으로부터 선택된 하나의 원소를 함유하는 2원계, 3원계 또는 4원계, 또한 Ge 또는 Si 중 어느 하나를 도너로서 함유하는 화합물반도체의 제조방법이며,
희가스, 질소 가스, 및 산소를 포함하는 프로세스 분위기에서, 적어도 Ga를 포함하는 타겟 금속을 챔버내에서 펄스 스퍼터링하고,
성장 레이트를 450nm/h이하로 하여,
전자농도와 비저항의 두 물성값의 조합에 대해서,
(a)전자농도가 1.8×1020cm-3, 또한, 비저항이 0.25×10-3Ω·cm,
(b)전자농도가 3.6×1020cm-3, 또한, 비저항이 0.25×10-3Ω·cm,
(c)전자농도가 6×1020cm-3, 또한, 비저항이 0.15×10-3Ω·cm, 및,
(d)전자농도가 3×1020cm-3, 또한, 비저항이 0.15×10-3Ω·cm의 4점으로 둘러 싸여진 수치조건을 만족하는 화합물반도체를 성막하는 화합물반도체의 제조방법. - 제13항에 있어서, 성막시의 기판온도를 700℃ 이하에서 행하는 화합물반도체의 제조방법.
- 제13항에 있어서, 성장 레이트를 90∼450nm/h로 설정하는 화합물반도체의 제조방법.
- 제13항에 있어서, 프로세스 분위기에 산소 가스를 공급하는 화합물반도체의 제조방법.
- 제13항에 있어서, 산소 가스를 챔버내에 공급하지 않고, 챔버내의 잔류 성분에 포함되는 산소 성분, 또는, 다른 원료 가스 또는 타겟 금속에 포함되는 미량인 산소 성분을 사용하여 스퍼터링을 행하는 화합물반도체의 제조방법.
- 제13항에 있어서, 화합물반도체를 성막하는 면과 타겟 금속과의 거리를 10∼50cm로 설정하는 화합물반도체의 제조방법.
- 제13항 내지 제18항 중 어느 한 항의 화합물반도체의 제조방법에 이용할 수 있는 스퍼터건이며,
타겟 금속이 스퍼터건의 헤드부에 마련되며, 헤드부가 기판전극에 대향하게 챔버에 조립되고,
헤드부의 유효 사이즈가 1인치 ∼ 4인치인 스퍼터건. - 제19항에 있어서, 평면형상이 원형 또는 직사각형인 타겟 금속을 헤드부에 탑재하도록 구성되어 이루어진 스퍼터건.
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