JP5712143B2 - 誘電体メモリ素子を有するメモリセル - Google Patents
誘電体メモリ素子を有するメモリセル Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 89
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004770 chalcogenides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- KDSXXMBJKHQCAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N disilver;selenium(2-) Chemical compound [Se-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] KDSXXMBJKHQCAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910005933 Ge—P Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QIHHYQWNYKOHEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butyl-3-nitrobenzoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O QIHHYQWNYKOHEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910004200 TaSiN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 VB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 101100421142 Mus musculus Selenon gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229910008772 Sn—Se Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003134 ZrOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- DZXKSFDSPBRJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(2+);sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Sn+2] DZXKSFDSPBRJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N B#[Ti]#B Chemical compound B#[Ti]#B QYEXBYZXHDUPRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019918 CrB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003862 HfB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015425 Mo2B5 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003178 Mo2C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020968 MoSi2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019742 NbB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019802 NbC Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004533 TaB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DUMHRFXBHXIRTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tantalum carbide Chemical compound [Ta+]#[C-] DUMHRFXBHXIRTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010037 TiAlN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910033181 TiB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008482 TiSiN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008599 TiW Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008999 W2B5 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910007948 ZrB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052946 acanthite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
- VWZIXVXBCBBRGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;zirconium Chemical compound B#[Zr]#B VWZIXVXBCBBRGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- QRXWMOHMRWLFEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoniazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 QRXWMOHMRWLFEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005055 memory storage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001120 nichrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MFIWAIVSOUGHLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium;tin Chemical compound [Sn]=[Se] MFIWAIVSOUGHLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUARKZBEFFVFRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] XUARKZBEFFVFRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940056910 silver sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002226 superionic conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003468 tantalcarbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C13/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00
- G11C13/0002—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00 using resistive RAM [RRAM] elements
- G11C13/0009—RRAM elements whose operation depends upon chemical change
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- H10N70/00—Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
- H10N70/20—Multistable switching devices, e.g. memristors
- H10N70/24—Multistable switching devices, e.g. memristors based on migration or redistribution of ionic species, e.g. anions, vacancies
- H10N70/245—Multistable switching devices, e.g. memristors based on migration or redistribution of ionic species, e.g. anions, vacancies the species being metal cations, e.g. programmable metallization cells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C11/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor
- G11C11/56—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using storage elements with more than two stable states represented by steps, e.g. of voltage, current, phase, frequency
- G11C11/5614—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using storage elements with more than two stable states represented by steps, e.g. of voltage, current, phase, frequency using conductive bridging RAM [CBRAM] or programming metallization cells [PMC]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C13/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00
- G11C13/0002—Digital stores characterised by the use of storage elements not covered by groups G11C11/00, G11C23/00, or G11C25/00 using resistive RAM [RRAM] elements
- G11C13/0009—RRAM elements whose operation depends upon chemical change
- G11C13/0011—RRAM elements whose operation depends upon chemical change comprising conductive bridging RAM [CBRAM] or programming metallization cells [PMCs]
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- H10B—ELECTRONIC MEMORY DEVICES
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- H10B—ELECTRONIC MEMORY DEVICES
- H10B63/00—Resistance change memory devices, e.g. resistive RAM [ReRAM] devices
- H10B63/20—Resistance change memory devices, e.g. resistive RAM [ReRAM] devices comprising selection components having two electrodes, e.g. diodes
- H10B63/22—Resistance change memory devices, e.g. resistive RAM [ReRAM] devices comprising selection components having two electrodes, e.g. diodes of the metal-insulator-metal type
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- H10B—ELECTRONIC MEMORY DEVICES
- H10B63/00—Resistance change memory devices, e.g. resistive RAM [ReRAM] devices
- H10B63/80—Arrangements comprising multiple bistable or multi-stable switching components of the same type on a plane parallel to the substrate, e.g. cross-point arrays
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- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N70/00—Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
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- H10N70/00—Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
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- H10N70/821—Device geometry
- H10N70/826—Device geometry adapted for essentially vertical current flow, e.g. sandwich or pillar type devices
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- H10N70/00—Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
- H10N70/801—Constructional details of multistable switching devices
- H10N70/881—Switching materials
- H10N70/882—Compounds of sulfur, selenium or tellurium, e.g. chalcogenides
- H10N70/8822—Sulfides, e.g. CuS
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- H10N70/00—Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
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- H10N70/881—Switching materials
- H10N70/882—Compounds of sulfur, selenium or tellurium, e.g. chalcogenides
- H10N70/8825—Selenides, e.g. GeSe
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- H10N70/881—Switching materials
- H10N70/882—Compounds of sulfur, selenium or tellurium, e.g. chalcogenides
- H10N70/8828—Tellurides, e.g. GeSbTe
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- H10N70/00—Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
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- H10N70/884—Switching materials based on at least one element of group IIIA, IVA or VA, e.g. elemental or compound semiconductors
- H10N70/8845—Carbon or carbides
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- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to G11C13/00 for features not covered by this group
- G11C2213/50—Resistive cell structure aspects
- G11C2213/56—Structure including two electrodes, a memory active layer and a so called passive or source or reservoir layer which is NOT an electrode, wherein the passive or source or reservoir layer is a source of ions which migrate afterwards in the memory active layer to be only trapped there, to form conductive filaments there or to react with the material of the memory active layer in redox way
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- G—PHYSICS
- G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
- G11C—STATIC STORES
- G11C2213/00—Indexing scheme relating to G11C13/00 for features not covered by this group
- G11C2213/70—Resistive array aspects
- G11C2213/72—Array wherein the access device being a diode
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- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
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- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
Description
本出願は、2009年1月12日に出願された米国特許出願第12/352,402号の優先権を主張し、それは、参照することによって、本明細書に組み込まれる。
図2は、本発明の一実施形態に従う、メモリセル211、212、213、214、215、216、217、218、および219を含むメモリアレイ202を有する、メモリデバイス200の部分的ブロック図を示す。メモリアレイ202は、図1のメモリアレイ102に対応してもよい。図2では、メモリセル211から219はそれぞれ、信号Vx1、Vx2、Vx3を有するデータ/センス線230、231、および232(例えば、ビット線)、およびそれぞれ、信号Vy1、Vy2、およびVy3を有するアクセス線240、241、および242(例えば、ワード線)に連結させることができる。メモリセル211から219のそれぞれは、線230、231、および232のうちの1つと、線240、241、および242のうちの1つとの間に直列に連結される、メモリ素子222およびアクセスコンポーネント244を含んでもよい。
図3は、本発明の一実施形態に従う、導電路399を備える、メモリセル310の断面を示す。メモリセル310は、電極301および302と、メモリ素子333と、アクセスコンポーネント344とを含んでもよい。図3の線323上の信号Vxは、図2の信号Vx1、Vx2、およびVx3のうちの1つに対応する場合がある。図3の線324上の信号Vyは、図2の信号Vy1、Vy2、およびVy3のうちの1つに対応する場合がある。図3に示すように、メモリ素子333は、電極301と電極302との間に誘電体331を含んでもよい。
メモリ素子333および電極301のための上記の例示的材料では、SiNがAg(またはCuもしくはAu)に影響されないため、SiNは、誘電体331のための材料として、他の材料よりも選択される場合があり、それによって、Ag(またはCuもしくはAu)が絶縁破壊路の内部に存在した後に、Ag(またはCuもしくはAu)は、絶縁破壊路を囲繞する他の領域内に容易に拡散しない。さらに、SiNは、それが電極301と電極302との間に良好な電気絶縁を提供するため、選択される場合がある。
Claims (24)
- メモリセルであって、
第1の電極と、
第2の電極と、
前記第1の電極と前記第2の電極との間に位置する中間コンポーネントと、
前記第1の電極と前記中間コンポーネントとの間に位置する誘電体であって、前記メモリセルが、前記メモリセル内に記憶された情報の第1の値を表すために、前記第1の電極の材料の一部分から前記誘電体および前記中間コンポーネント内に導電路を形成することを可能にするように構成され、かつ、前記メモリセル内に記憶された情報の第2の値を表すために、前記メモリセルが前記導電路を破壊することを可能にするように構成される、誘電体と、
を備える、メモリセル。 - 前記中間コンポーネントと前記第2の電極との間にアクセスコンポーネントをさらに備え、前記アクセスコンポーネントは、前記第1の電極と前記第2の電極との間の第1の方向の第1の電圧差が第1の電圧値を超える時にターンオンするように、かつ、前記第1の電極と前記第2の電極との間の第2の方向の第2の電圧差が第2の電圧値を超える時にターンオンするように構成される、請求項1に記載のメモリセル。
- 前記第1の電極は銀を含む、請求項1に記載のメモリセル。
- 前記誘電体は窒化ケイ素を含む、請求項2に記載のメモリセル。
- 前記第2の電極は窒化チタンを含む、請求項4に記載のメモリセル。
- 前記第2の電極は、前記窒化チタンが追加の導電性材料と前記アクセスコンポーネントとの間になるように、前記追加の導電性材料をさらに含む、請求項5に記載のメモリセル。
- 前記アクセスコンポーネントはカルコゲニド材料を含む、請求項2に記載のメモリセル。
- メモリセルであって、
第1の電極と、
第2の電極と、
前記第1の電極と前記第2の電極との間に位置する中間コンポーネントと、前記第1の電極と前記中間コンポーネントとの間に位置する誘電体とを含む、メモリ素子であって、前記メモリ素子が、前記第1の電極の材料の一部分から前記誘電体および前記中間コンポーネント内に導電路を形成することを可能にするように構成される、メモリ素子と、
前記メモリ素子と前記第2の電極との間に位置するアクセスコンポーネントと、
を備える、メモリセル。 - 前記第1の電極は、銀、銅、および金のうちの1つを含み、前記中間コンポーネントは、セレン化ゲルマニウム(GeSe)およびセレン化銀(AgSe)のうちの1つを含み、前記誘電体は窒化ケイ素を含む、請求項8に記載のメモリセル。
- 前記アクセスコンポーネントはカルコゲニド材料を含む、請求項8に記載のメモリセル。
- 前記アクセスコンポーネントは、As−Te−I、TiAsSe2、TiAsTe2、Si−Te−As−Ge、Si−Te−As−Ge−P、Al−As−Te、Al−Ge−As−Te、Te39As36Si17Ge7P、As40Te(60−X)Inx(式中5<x<16.5)、As35Te(65−X)Inx(式中12.5<x<21.5)、As30Te(70−X)(式中12.5<x<21.5)、およびGe20Te(80−X)Pbx(式中2<x<8)のうちの1つを含む、請求項8に記載のメモリセル。
- 前記アクセスコンポーネントは金属・絶縁体・金属ダイオードを含む、請求項8に記載のメモリセル。
- 前記第2の電極は窒化チタンを含む、請求項11に記載のメモリセル。
- 前記第2の電極は金属材料を含み、前記窒化チタンは、前記金属材料と前記中間コンポーネントとの間にある、請求項13に記載のメモリセル。
- メモリセル内に記憶された情報の第1の値を表すために、前記メモリセルの第1の電極と第2の電極との間に、第1の方向の第1の電圧差を印加して、前記メモリセルの前記第1の電極と前記第2の電極との間の誘電体および中間コンポーネント内に導電路を形成することと、
前記第1の値を第2の値に変更するために、前記第1の電極と前記第2の電極との間に、第2の方向の第2の電圧差を印加して、前記導電路を破壊することと、
を含む、方法。 - 前記第1の電圧差は、前記第1の電極の材料の一部分が、前記誘電体および前記中間コンポーネント内に移動して、前記導電路を形成するように印加される、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の電圧差は、前記第1の電極の材料のイオンが前記誘電体および前記中間コンポーネント内に移動して、前記導電路を形成するように印加される、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の電圧差を印加することは、第1の電圧を前記第1の電極に配置することを含み、前記第2の電圧差を印加することは、第2の電圧を前記第1の電極に配置することを含み、前記第1および第2の電圧は、異なる値を有する、請求項15に記載の方法。
- メモリセルの第1の電極を形成することと、
前記メモリセルの第2の電極を形成することと、
前記第1の電極と前記第2の電極との間の中間コンポーネントを形成し、かつ、前記第1の電極と前記中間コンポーネントとの間の誘電体を形成して、前記メモリセルが、前記メモリセル内に記憶された情報の第1の値を表すために、前記第1の電極の材料の一部分から前記誘電体および前記中間コンポーネント内に導電路を形成することを可能にし、かつ前記メモリセルが、前記メモリセル内に記憶された情報の第2の値を表すために、前記導電路を破壊することを可能にすることと、
を含む、方法。 - 前記第1の電極を形成することは、導電性材料を前記誘電体の上に堆積させることを含み、前記導電性材料は、Ag、Cu、およびAuのうちの1つを含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記誘電体を形成することは、誘電材料を前記中間コンポーネントの上に堆積させることを含み、前記誘電材料は、AlxOy、MgO、AlN、SiN、CaOx、NiOx、HfO2、Ta2O5、ZrO2、NiMnOx、MgF2、SiC、SiOxNy、HfOx、Nb2O5、WOx、TiOx、ZrOx、およびCuxOのうちの1つを含む、請求項20に記載の方法。
- 材料を前記第2の電極の上に堆積させて、前記中間コンポーネントと前記第2の電極との間のアクセスコンポーネントを形成することをさらに含み、前記材料は、カルコゲニド材料を含む、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記中間コンポーネントは、セレン化ゲルマニウム(GeSe)およびセレン化銀(AgSe)のうちの1つを含む、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 前記第1の電極、前記誘電体、前記アクセスコンポーネント、および前記中間コンポーネントを形成することは、
複数の材料を基板の上に形成することと、
前記複数の材料を同一のパターン形成プロセスでパターン形成して、前記第1の電極、前記誘電体、前記中間コンポーネント、および前記アクセスコンポーネントを形成することと、
を含む、請求項22に記載の方法。
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