JP5520817B2 - メンテナンスフリーの曇り防止レスピレータ - Google Patents
メンテナンスフリーの曇り防止レスピレータ Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B23/00—Filters for breathing-protection purposes
- A62B23/02—Filters for breathing-protection purposes for respirators
- A62B23/025—Filters for breathing-protection purposes for respirators the filter having substantially the shape of a mask
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
- A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
- A41D13/11—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D27/00—Details of garments or of their making
- A41D27/24—Hems; Seams
- A41D27/245—Hems; Seams made by welding or gluing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
- A62B18/02—Masks
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
- A62B18/02—Masks
- A62B18/025—Halfmasks
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
- A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
- A41D13/11—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
- A41D13/1107—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres characterised by their shape
- A41D13/1115—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres characterised by their shape with a horizontal pleated pocket
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
- A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
- A41D13/11—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
- A41D13/1161—Means for fastening to the user's head
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D2400/00—Functions or special features of garments
- A41D2400/52—Disposable
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
Description
本書では、下記の語がそれぞれ記載の定義で用いられる:
「本質的構造の改変」は、マスク本体の部品(ウェブ、繊維、フィラメント、又はストランドなど)の配列及び/又は相互関係の本質的な性質又は構造をある形態から別の形態へ変更することを意味する。ここで、呼気バルブ、ノーズフォーム、又はハーネスの取り付けを適応させるために、マスク本体の外縁にさまざまな層を付加する変更、又は層を改変することは除外される。
マスク本体には任意に、1つ又はそれより多くのマスクパネルにおいて、硬化層を含めることができる。硬化層の目的は、その名の通り、特定のパネルの剛性を、マスク本体の他のパネル又は他の部分よりも高めることである。硬化層は、着用者の顔からマスク本体を離して支えるのに役立つことがある。硬化層はどのパネルの組み合わせでも配置できるが、マスク本体の中央パネルに配置するのが好ましい。上部パネル及び下部パネルはユーザーの顔に密着させやすくするため比較的柔軟性をもたせておき、同時にマスク本体の中央を支えることにより、マスクの形が崩れて着用者の鼻及び口を塞いでしまうのを防ぐのに役立つ。硬化層はパネルの層構造内のどこにでも配置でき、最も典型的には外側カバーウェブの上又は近くに配置される。
本発明のマスク本体に使用されるフィルター層は、粒子捕捉タイプ、又は気体及び蒸気タイプのいずれであってもよい。フィルター層にはまた、フィルター層の反対側に液体が移動するのを防ぐバリヤー層を含めることができ、これにより例えば、液体エアロゾル又は液体の飛沫がフィルター層に浸透するのを防止できる。個々の用途に応じて、本発明のフィルター層の構築にはまた、類似又は異なるフィルター種類の複数の層を使用することもできる。本発明の層状マスク本体に有効なフィルターとしては、マスク着用者の呼吸労力を最小限に抑えるため、一般に、圧力低下が少ない(例えば、面速度13.8センチメートル/秒で196〜294Pa(20〜30mm H2O))ものが採用される。フィルター層は更に、予想される使用条件において裂けてしまうことのないよう、柔軟であり十分な剪断強さを有する。一般にこの剪断強さは、接着層又は成型層のどちらかの剪断強さよりも低い。粒子捕捉フィルターの例としては、微細な無機繊維(グラスファイバーなど)又はポリマー合成繊維の1枚又はそれより多くのウェブが含まれる。合成繊維ウェブには、メルトブローン法などのプロセスによって製造されるエレクトレット帯電ポリマーマイクロファイバーが含まれる。非極性捕捉電荷を生成するためにエレクトレット帯電したポリプロピレンから形成されたポリオレフィンマイクロファイバーは、粒子捕捉用途に特に有用である。フィルター層はまた、呼吸空気中の危険な気体や悪臭のある気体を除去するための吸着剤を備えることもできる。吸着剤は、接着剤、結合剤、又は繊維性構造によりフィルター層に結合させた粉末又は顆粒を含んでもよい(ブラウン(Braun)所有の米国特許第3,971,373号を参照)。吸着剤層は、繊維性フォーム又は網状発泡体などの基材にコーティングすることにより、薄く密着した層を形成することができる。本発明の適用に有用な吸着剤の例としては、活性炭(化学処理済み、あるいは未処理)、多孔質アルミナ−シリカ触媒基質、及びアルミナ粒子等の吸着材料が挙げられる。
内側カバーウェブは、着用者の顔に接触する表面を滑らかにするのに用いることができ、また外側カバーウェブは、外側成型層の遊離繊維を押さえるため、又は審美的理由から用いることができる。カバーウェブは通常、マスク本体の形状保持には大きな寄与はしない。適度な快適さを得るため、内側カバーウェブは比較的坪量が低く、比較的細い繊維で形成されている。より具体的には、カバーウェブの坪量は約5〜50g/m2(典型的には10〜30g/m2)、繊維は3.5デニール未満(典型的には2デニール未満、より典型的には1デニール未満)である。カバーウェブに用いられる繊維はしばしば、平均繊維直径が約5〜24マイクロメートルで、典型的には約7〜18マイクロメートル、より典型的には約8〜12マイクロメートルである。
マスク本体が図示のような折りたたみ形状ではなく、カップ形に成型された形状である場合は、マスク本体はフィルター層の内側あるいは外側に、フィルター層を支える成型層を備えることがある。フィルター層を挟んで両側に、第1成型層と全体的に同じ形状をもつ第2成型層が使用されることもある。成型層の機能は主に、マスク本体の形を維持し、フィルター層を支えることである。外側成型層も、マスクに流入する空気に対する粗い初期フィルターとして機能することができるが、レスピレータの主な濾過作用はフィルター媒体によりもたらされるものである。
この試験の目的は、メンテナンスフリーレスピレータマスク本体の、改変した副鼻腔部分と改変していない副鼻腔部分、及び改変した副鼻腔部分と主要フィルタリング部分の圧力低下の違いを測定することである。
スリー・エム社(3M Company)(ミネソタ州セントポール(St. Paul))から販売されている3Mモデル9322メンテナンスフリーレスピレータを改変して副鼻腔部分に図1〜7に示すパターンに類似する接合パターンを形成した。このレスピレータの副鼻腔部分総面積は約4,750平方mmであった。この接合パターンは次の方法で形成された:
模様付きアンビルを有する超音波溶着プランジプレスを用いて、接合パターンが適用された。副鼻腔部分のパネル構造を模様付きアンビルに当て、6個の位置決めドエルピンを用いて定位置に保持した。プランジプレスを作動させ、溶着ホーンを下げて、アンビルとホーンとの間にある副鼻腔部分パネルを圧縮した。このようにして、接合パターンが副鼻腔部分に適用された。溶着サイクルは、副鼻腔部分に得られる接合パターンが最適になるよう、溶着時間を400ミリ秒(ms)に設定して制御した。接合することのできる副鼻腔部分全体のうち3パーセント(%)が、超音波溶着によって本質的構造改変を受けた。
この実施例では、上記の実施例1と同様に準備が行われ、ただし実際に溶着を行う合計面積の割合を、実施例2においては利用できる合計表面積のうち5%へ、実施例3においては合計表面積のうち9%へと拡げた。
改変されていない3Mモデル9322レスピレータが使用された。
Claims (3)
- (a)ハーネスと、
(b)副鼻腔部分と主要フィルタリング部分とを含み、かつ少なくとも1枚の不織布繊維ウェブを備えるマスク本体であって、前記1枚の不織布繊維ウェブはフィルター層を含み、前記マスク本体の前記副鼻腔部分に対する本質的構造改変によって、厚み方向において前記副鼻腔部分を横切って発生する圧力低下を顕著に増大させ、本質的構造改変はマスク本体を構成する個々の層及び繊維を融合させることであり、前記少なくとも1枚の不織布繊維ウェブの本質的構造改変によって達成された圧力低下の前記増大が、前記マスク本体の前記副鼻腔部分に材料又は物品を追加せずに行われるようにした、マスク本体とを含み、
前記マスク本体の外縁において前記マスク本体を構成する層が結合されており、
前記副鼻腔部分における前記外縁の結合部分よりも内側に、前記本質的構造改変が設けられている、
メンテナンスフリーレスピレータ。 - 前記本質的構造改変が、多数のスポット溶着を含む、請求項1に記載のメンテナンスフリーレスピレータ。
- 前記スポット溶着が、前記副鼻腔部分の前記不織布繊維ウェブに対し、熱及び圧力を適用することにより行われる、請求項2に記載のメンテナンスフリーレスピレータ。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/743,716 | 2007-05-03 | ||
US11/743,716 US9770611B2 (en) | 2007-05-03 | 2007-05-03 | Maintenance-free anti-fog respirator |
PCT/US2008/058207 WO2008137224A1 (en) | 2007-05-03 | 2008-03-26 | Maintenance-free anti-fog respirator |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2010525876A JP2010525876A (ja) | 2010-07-29 |
JP2010525876A5 JP2010525876A5 (ja) | 2014-04-17 |
JP5520817B2 true JP5520817B2 (ja) | 2014-06-11 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2010506368A Active JP5520817B2 (ja) | 2007-05-03 | 2008-03-26 | メンテナンスフリーの曇り防止レスピレータ |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (4) | US9770611B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2146595B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5520817B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101471224B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101668444B (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0809787B1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2449146T3 (ja) |
PL (1) | PL2146595T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008137224A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (64)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9770611B2 (en) | 2007-05-03 | 2017-09-26 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Maintenance-free anti-fog respirator |
US20080271739A1 (en) | 2007-05-03 | 2008-11-06 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Maintenance-free respirator that has concave portions on opposing sides of mask top section |
US11083916B2 (en) | 2008-12-18 | 2021-08-10 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Flat fold respirator having flanges disposed on the mask body |
USD667541S1 (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2012-09-18 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Bond pattern on a personal respiratory protection mask |
US8881729B2 (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2014-11-11 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Horizontal flat-fold filtering face-piece respirator having indicia of symmetry |
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US11904191B2 (en) | 2024-02-20 |
CN101668444A (zh) | 2010-03-10 |
US20230356011A1 (en) | 2023-11-09 |
US20210316174A1 (en) | 2021-10-14 |
KR101471224B1 (ko) | 2014-12-09 |
JP2010525876A (ja) | 2010-07-29 |
KR20100017287A (ko) | 2010-02-16 |
WO2008137224A1 (en) | 2008-11-13 |
BRPI0809787A2 (pt) | 2014-12-30 |
EP2146595B1 (en) | 2013-12-11 |
EP2146595A1 (en) | 2010-01-27 |
US20080271737A1 (en) | 2008-11-06 |
US11135460B2 (en) | 2021-10-05 |
US9770611B2 (en) | 2017-09-26 |
PL2146595T3 (pl) | 2014-04-30 |
US20170368384A1 (en) | 2017-12-28 |
ES2449146T3 (es) | 2014-03-18 |
BRPI0809787B1 (pt) | 2023-12-19 |
CN101668444B (zh) | 2022-06-03 |
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