JP5393809B2 - ナノ多孔膜及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
ナノ多孔膜及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5393809B2 JP5393809B2 JP2011550074A JP2011550074A JP5393809B2 JP 5393809 B2 JP5393809 B2 JP 5393809B2 JP 2011550074 A JP2011550074 A JP 2011550074A JP 2011550074 A JP2011550074 A JP 2011550074A JP 5393809 B2 JP5393809 B2 JP 5393809B2
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- 241000579892 Colius Species 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010802 RNA extraction kit Methods 0.000 description 1
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- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- INNSZZHSFSFSGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O INNSZZHSFSFSGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229930182478 glucoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000008131 glucosides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- PVFSDGKDKFSOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Fe+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O PVFSDGKDKFSOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- LZKLAOYSENRNKR-LNTINUHCSA-N iron;(z)-4-oxoniumylidenepent-2-en-2-olate Chemical compound [Fe].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O LZKLAOYSENRNKR-LNTINUHCSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LKZMBDSASOBTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L silver carbonate Substances [Ag].[O-]C([O-])=O LKZMBDSASOBTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol monomethyl ether Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCO JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NHXVNEDMKGDNPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;pentane-2,4-dione Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O.CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O NHXVNEDMKGDNPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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Description
H−(OR1)n−OH
R4−(OR2)m−OR3
500ml丸底フラスコに薄型多層カーボンナノチューブ(Nanotec、Thin Multi−wall CNT grade)0.3gを注入し、エチレングリコール(EG)280mlを丸底フラスコ反応器に投入した。攪拌機を装着して30分間攪拌した後、反応器を超音波洗浄機に入れて3時間超音波処理し、をエチレングリコールに分散させた。この際反応器の温度は50℃を超えないようにした。超音波処理が終了すると、攪拌機をまた装着して、温度計と冷却用コンデンサを連結した。反応器を攪拌しながらポリビニルピロリドン(PVP;Poly vinylpyrrolidone、Fluka製、平均分子量(Mw):40、000)1.68g、オレイルアミン(Oleylamine)5.6mlを投入してから硝酸銀(Silver Nitrate;AgNO3)1.102gを投入した。反応器に真空ポンプを連結し、反応器内部の空気を除去して窒素に置換した。窒素を連続して投入し、窒素が反応器内部を通過して外部に流れるようにして酸素流入を阻止した。フラスコ下部にマントルを設け、反応器内部の温度を40分間200℃にまで上げて、1時間反応させた。還元反応が終了すると、3時間にわたって反応器内の混合物の温度を常温まで徐々に下げた。合成されたカーボンナノチューブ−銀複合体を濾紙を用いて濾過し、エチルアセテート(Ethyl acetate)とヘキサン(Hexane)で数回洗浄してカーボンナノチューブ−銀複合体を得た。カーボンナノチューブ−銀複合体の走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)分析結果、銀(Silver)粒子が球状であり一定のサイズで均一に分散されていることが確認できた。
500ml丸底フラスコにカーボンナノチューブ(Hanwha nanotec、CM−95)0.3gを注入し、トリエチレングリコール(TEG)128mlを反応器に投入した。攪拌機を装着して30分間攪拌した後、反応器を超音波洗浄機に入れて3時間超音波処理し、カーボンナノチューブを分散させた。この際反応器の温度は50℃を超えないようにした。超音波処理が終了すると、攪拌機をまた装着して、温度計と冷却用コンデンサを連結した。反応器溶液を攪拌しながらメチルポリグリコール(MPG、CH3(OCH2CH2)nOH、n=4〜5、Hannong Chemicals Inc.、製品名:MPG)4.26mlをフラスコ反応器に投入してからコバルトアセチルアセトネート3.48gをさらに投入した。反応器に真空ポンプを連結し、反応器内部の空気を除去して窒素に置換した。窒素を連続して投入し、窒素が反応器内部を通過して外部に流れるようにして酸素の流入を阻止した。フラスコ下部にマントルを設け、1時間にわたって反応器内部温度を280℃にまで上げ、30分間維持した。還元反応が終了すると、3時間にわたって反応器内の混合物の温度を常温まで徐々に下げた。合成された複合体を濾紙を用いて濾過し、エタノールで数回洗浄してカーボンナノチューブ−コバルト複合体を得た。カーボンナノチューブ−コバルト複合体の走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)分析結果、コバルト粒子が球状であり一定のサイズで均一に分散されていることが確認できた。
金属塩として銅アセチルアセトネート4.04gを使用することを除いては製造例2と同一の条件下でカーボンナノチューブ−銅複合体を製造した。製造されたカーボンナノチューブ−銅複合体の走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)分析結果、銅粒子が球状に近く、一定のサイズで均一に分散されていることが確認できた。
金属塩としてニッケルアセチルアセトネート3.48gを使用することを除いては製造例2と同一の条件下でカーボンナノチューブ−ニッケル複合体を製造した。製造されたカーボンナノチューブ−ニッケル複合体の走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)分析結果、ニッケル粒子が球状に近く、一定のサイズで均一に分散されていることが確認できた。
250ml丸底フラスコに前記製造例1で製造されたカーボンナノチューブ−銀複合体0.5g、超純水100ml、塩化セチルトリメチルアンモニウム(Cetyltrimethylammonium chloride、28wt%)3mlを注入し、25〜30℃で超音波を使用して2時間分散処理した。気孔サイズ0.3μmのHEPA濾紙を直径6.2cmの円形に切断してフィルターに装着した後、前記超音波を使用して分散した分散液を30ml注入し、濾過した。濾紙を通過できなかった固形粉が前記濾紙にコーティングされると、均一なガラス板の間に入れて圧着し、150℃のオーブンで8時間熱処理を施して前記銀を濾紙に融着させた。常温に冷却した後、直径5cmに切断し、濾過装置(Advantec KP−47H)に装着して、エタノール50ml、超純水50mlで界面活性剤(cetyltrimethylammonium chloride)と微細残渣を洗浄した。また、150℃のオーブンで2次熱処理を施してカーボンナノチューブ−銀複合ナノ多孔膜を製造した。製造したカーボンナノチューブ−銀複合ナノ多孔膜を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)で撮影して下記図1に示しており、銀粒子がカーボンナノチューブに分散していることが確認できた。
250ml丸底フラスコに前記製造例2で製造されたカーボンナノチューブ−コバルト複合体0.5g、超純水100ml、塩化セチルトリメチルアンモニウム(Cetyltrimethylammonium chloride、28wt%)3mlを注入し、25〜30℃で超音波を使用して2時間分散処理した。気孔サイズ0.3μmのHEPA濾紙を直径6.2cmの円形に切断してフィルターに装着した後、前記超音波を使用して分散させた分散液を30ml注入し、濾過した。濾紙を通過できなかった固形粉が前記濾紙にコーティングされると、均一なガラス板の間に入れて圧着し、450℃のオーブンで8時間熱処理を施して前記コバルトを濾紙に融着させた。常温に冷却した後、直径5cmに切断し、濾過装置(Advantec KP−47H)に装着して、エタノール50ml、超純水50mlで界面活性剤(cetyltrimethylammonium chloride)と微細残渣を洗浄した。製造したカーボンナノチューブ−コバルト複合ナノ多孔膜を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)で撮影して下記図2に示しており、コバルト粒子がカーボンナノチューブに分散されていることが確認できた。
複合体として製造例3で合成したカーボンナノチューブ−銅複合体を使用することを除いては実施例2と同一の条件下でカーボンナノチューブ−銅複合ナノ多孔膜を製造した。製造されたカーボンナノチューブ−銅複合ナノ多孔膜を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)で分析した結果、銅粒子がカーボンナノチューブに分散されていることが確認できた。
複合体として製造例4で合成したカーボンナノチューブ−ニッケル複合体を使用することを除いては実施例2と同一の条件下でカーボンナノチューブ−ニッケル複合ナノ多孔膜を製造した。製造されたカーボンナノチューブ−ニッケル複合ナノ多孔膜を走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)で分析した結果、ニッケル粒子がカーボンナノチューブに分散されていることが確認できた。
a)黄色ブドウ球菌の抗菌性試験
BHI(Brain Heart Infusion)液体培地を用いてStaphylococcus aureus(S.aureus、黄色ブドウ球菌)を37℃で12時間培養した。この培養液の細菌数が103CFU/mlになるように希釈した液100ulをBHI平板培地上に塗抹(smear)した後、実施例1で製造したナノ分離膜の上に乗せて37℃で24時間培養した。培養後に分離膜を乗せた部分にコロニー(colony)が増殖したかを観察して抗菌力有無を判別した。下記図3は24時間培養後に観察された写真である。
Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus、黄色ブドウ球菌)の代りに大腸菌(Escherichia coli;E.coli)を使用することを除いては前記試験例1のa)と同様に実施した。下記図4は、試験例1のb)で24時間培養後に観察した写真である。カーボンナノチューブ−銀分離膜を乗せたプレート(plate)でコロニー(colony)が増殖しなかったため、カーボンナノチューブ−銀ナノ分離膜に抗菌力があることが確認できた。
BHI(Brain heart infusion)液体培地を用いてStaphylococcus aureus(S.aureus、黄色ブドウ球菌)を37℃で12時間培養した。
BHI(Brain heart infusion)液体培地を用いて大腸菌(Escherichia coli; E.colius)を37℃で12時間培養した。Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus、黄色ブドウ球菌)の代りに大腸菌(Escherichia coli;E.coli)を使用することを除いては前記試験例2と同様に実施した。
エンテロウイルスを用いてカーボンナノチューブ−銀複合ナノ多孔膜のウイルス濾過試験を行った。エンテロウイルスは、サイズが28〜30nmである単一ストランドのRNA誘電体からなるエンベロープウイルスである。コクサッキーウィルス(coxsackievirus)は、エンテロウイルス(enterovirus;EV)のうち一つであって、29種の血清型が公知されており、A群とB群に区分する。本実験ではコクサッキーウィルスA9 type(ATCC−VR186)を使用して濾過実験を行った。
Claims (23)
- マイクロまたはナノ気孔を有する分離膜支持体の片面または両面にカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合体がコーティングされ、前記金属を溶融または焼結して前記分離膜支持体にカーボンナノ構造体を網状構造に連結し、濾過用に用いられる網状構造のカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜。
- カーボンナノ構造体−金属複合体が、カーボンナノ構造体と金属または金属酸化物とが結合または混合により形成されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の網状構造のカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜。
- カーボンナノ構造体の直径サイズに応じて前記カーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜の気孔サイズを制御することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の網状構造のカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜。
- 気孔サイズが、0.1〜500nmであることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の網状構造のカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜。
- カーボンナノ構造体−金属複合体が、金属前駆体還元溶媒に分散させたカーボンナノ構造体の分散液と金属前駆体とを混合し熱処理を施して製造されることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の網状構造のカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜。
- カーボンナノ構造体−金属複合体が、分散液と金属前駆体に安定剤をさらに含めて混合し熱処理を施して製造されることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の網状構造のカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜。
- 金属前駆体還元溶媒が、多価アルコール、グリコールエーテル類またはその混合物から選択され、前記多価アルコールが、下記化学式1のグリコール類、グリセリン、トレイトール、アラビトール、グルコース、マンニトール、ガラクチトール及びソルビトールからなる群から選択され、前記グリコールエーテル類が、下記化学式2の化合物から選択されることを特徴とする請求項5又は6に記載の網状構造のカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜。
[化学式1]
H−(OR1)n−OH
[化学式2]
R4−(OR2)m−OR3
(前記化学式中、R1及びR2は、独立して直鎖または分岐鎖の(C2〜C10)アルキレンから選択され、R3は水素原子、アリル、(C1〜C10)アルキル、(C5〜C20)アリール、または(C6〜C30)アラルキル基であり、R4はアリル、(C1〜C10)アルキル、(C5〜C20)アリール、(C6〜C30)アラルキル基、または(C2〜C10)アルキルカルボニル基から選択され、前記アルキルカルボニル基のアルキルは炭素鎖に二重結合を含んでもよく、n及びmは独立して1〜100の整数である。) - カーボンナノ構造体が、単層カーボンナノチューブ、二層カーボンナノチューブ、多層カーボンナノチューブ、カーボンナノホーン、カーボングラフェン、カーボンナノファイバーまたはこれらの混合物から選択される請求項2に記載の網状構造のカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜。
- 金属が、Mg、Al、K、Ca、Sc、Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Ga、Rb、Sr、Y、Zr、Mo、Ru、Rh、Pd、Ag、Cd、In、Sn、Cs、Ba、La、Ce、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Hf、Ir、Pt、Tl、Pb及びBiからなる群から選択される一つ以上の金属を含む請求項2に記載の網状構造のカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜。
- カーボンナノ構造体−金属複合体が、分離膜支持体にコーティングされ、その後圧着、加熱または焼結に供される請求項1に記載の網状構造のカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜。
- カーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜が、抗菌水処理に使用される請求項1に記載の網状構造のカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜。
- カーボンナノ構造体−金属複合体を界面活性剤の存在下で溶媒に分散させた後、分離膜支持体の片面または両面にコーティングする段階と、
前記コーティングされた分離膜支持体に熱処理を施して前記金属を前記分離膜支持体に融着する段階と、
を含み、前記金属を溶融または焼結してカーボンナノ構造体を網状構造に連結し、濾過用に用いられる網状構造のカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜の製造方法。 - 金属が1〜500nmの大きさである請求項12に記載の網状構造のカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜の製造方法。
- 熱処理が100〜700℃で施される請求項12に記載の網状構造のカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜の製造方法。
- 金属が銀であることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の網状構造のカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜の製造方法。
- 金属が銀の場合、熱処理が100〜300℃で施される請求項12に記載の網状構造のカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜の製造方法。
- 銀がカーボンナノ構造体の全量に対して5〜70重量%含まれる請求項15に記載の網状構造のカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜の製造方法。
- コーティングが、カーボンナノ構造体−金属複合体を分離膜支持体により濾過し、前記分離膜支持体に残存するカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合体を圧着することを特徴とする請求項12に記載の網状構造のカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜の製造方法。
- カーボンナノ構造体−金属複合体が、還元性溶媒に分散したカーボンナノ構造体の分散液と金属前駆体とを混合し熱処理を施して製造されることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の網状構造のカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜の製造方法。
- カーボンナノ構造体−金属複合体が、分散液と金属前駆体に安定剤をさらに含めて混合し熱処理を施して製造されることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の網状構造のカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜の製造方法。
- カーボンナノ構造体−金属複合体が、界面活性剤100重量部に対して10〜50重量部を混合して分散させる請求項12に記載の網状構造のカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜の製造方法。
- 溶媒が、水、アルコール、多価アルコール、グリコールエーテル類及びこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される請求項12に記載の網状構造のカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜の製造方法。
- 界面活性剤が、非イオン性界面活性剤、陽イオン性界面活性剤、陰イオン性界面活性剤及びこれらの混合物から選択される請求項12に記載の網状構造のカーボンナノ構造体−金属複合ナノ多孔膜の製造方法。
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CN102316964B (zh) | 2015-08-05 |
KR101118473B1 (ko) | 2012-03-12 |
KR20100107960A (ko) | 2010-10-06 |
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