JP5373960B2 - オルト位に官能基を有する芳香族ポリイミドから誘導される熱転位ポリマーを含むブレンドポリマー膜 - Google Patents
オルト位に官能基を有する芳香族ポリイミドから誘導される熱転位ポリマーを含むブレンドポリマー膜 Download PDFInfo
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- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IYABWNGZIDDRAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N allene Chemical compound C=C=C IYABWNGZIDDRAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ILCRHUJGVUEAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;butyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCO.CCCCOC(C)=O ILCRHUJGVUEAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000006143 cell culture medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UXTMROKLAAOEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroform;ethanol Chemical compound CCO.ClC(Cl)Cl UXTMROKLAAOEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WORJEOGGNQDSOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroform;methanol Chemical compound OC.ClC(Cl)Cl WORJEOGGNQDSOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PSLIMVZEAPALCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;ethoxyethane Chemical compound CCO.CCOCC PSLIMVZEAPALCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LJQKCYFTNDAAPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCO.CCOC(C)=O LJQKCYFTNDAAPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ONANCCRCSFDCRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;methanol;propan-2-ol Chemical compound OC.CCO.CC(C)O ONANCCRCSFDCRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BNKAXGCRDYRABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OC=C BNKAXGCRDYRABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEWLDLAARDMXSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl sulfate;hydron Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)OC=C VEWLDLAARDMXSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAFWKDXOUWXCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylurea Chemical compound NC(=O)NC=C FAFWKDXOUWXCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPDNOZNULJJDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl n-ethenylcarbamate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)NC=C HNPDNOZNULJJDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006384 oligomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N penta-1,4-dien-3-one Chemical compound C=CC(=O)C=C UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006156 poly(arylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002627 poly(phosphazenes) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001230 polyarylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000306 polymethylpentene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- AIISZVRFZVBASR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol;propyl acetate Chemical compound CCCO.CCCOC(C)=O AIISZVRFZVBASR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SAALQYKUFCIMHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-ol;2-propan-2-yloxypropane Chemical compound CC(C)O.CC(C)OC(C)C SAALQYKUFCIMHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AAZYNPCMLRQUHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-one;2-propan-2-yloxypropane Chemical compound CC(C)=O.CC(C)OC(C)C AAZYNPCMLRQUHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWWATHDPGQKSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyne Chemical compound CC#C MWWATHDPGQKSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- DCGLONGLPGISNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(prop-1-ynyl)silane Chemical compound CC#C[Si](C)(C)C DCGLONGLPGISNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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Description
ここで、前記式(I)の−X1−は、
ブレンドポリマー膜が架橋工程を施される場合、ブレンドポリマー膜中のポリマーが、UV架橋性官能基などの架橋性官能基を有する必要がある。例えば、UV放射線によってブレンドポリマー膜を高性能架橋ブレンドポリマー膜に変換するために、およびブレンドポリマー膜中の第二のポリマーがUV架橋性官能基を持たない場合、オルト位に官能基(例:−OHまたは−SH)を持つ芳香族ポリイミドは、式(I)を有するポリイミドから選択され、カルボニル(−CO−)基などのUV架橋性官能基を持つ必要があり、ここで、式(I)のX1は、
本発明のオルト位に官能基を持つ芳香族ポリイミドを含むブレンドポリマー膜中の第二のポリマーがUV架橋性官能基を有する場合、オルト位に官能基(例:−OHまたは−SH)を持つ芳香族ポリイミドは、UV架橋性官能基を持つ必要がなく、式(I)のポリイミドのいずれから選択されてもよい。
場合によっては、熱変換工程の後に、ポリシロキサン、フルオロポリマー、熱硬化性シリコーンゴム、またはUV放射線硬化性エポキシシリコーンなどの高透過性材料の薄層を、熱転位ポリマーを含むブレンドポリマー膜の選択性層表面にコーティングすることによる、膜後処理工程を追加してよい。このコーティングは、表面細孔部、および空隙部を含むその他の欠陥部を埋める(米国特許第4,230,463号;米国特許第4,877,528号;米国特許第6,368,382号を参照されたい)。
以下の実施例は、本発明の1もしくは2つ以上の好ましい態様を説明するために提供されるが、その態様に限定されるものではない。以下の実施例に対して、本発明の範囲内である数多くの変形を行うことができる。
ポリ(6FDA−HAB)ポリイミドの合成
ポリマーバックボーン中のへテロ環イミド窒素に対するオルト位にペンダント−OH官能基を含む芳香族ポリ[2,2’−ビス−(3,4−ジカルボキシフェニル)ヘキサフルオロプロパン二無水物−3,3’−ジヒドロキシ−4,4’−ジアミノ−ビフェニル](ポリ(6FDA−HAB))ポリイミドを、NMP極性溶媒中、ポリ(アミック酸)の形成、およびこれに続く溶液イミド化プロセスを含む2段階プロセスにより、2,2’−ビス−(3,4−ジカルボキシフェニル)ヘキサフルオロプロパン二無水物(6FDA)および3,3’−ジヒドロキシ−4,4’−ジアミノ−ビフェニル(HAB)から合成した。溶液イミド化反応において、無水酢酸を脱水剤として用い、ピリジンをイミド化触媒として用いた。例えば、窒素入口およびメカニカルスターラーを備えた250mL三つ口丸底フラスコに、5.9g(27.3mmol)のHABおよび40mLのNMPを投入した。HABが完全に溶解した後、40mLのNMP中の6FDA(12.1g、27.3mmol)の溶液をフラスコ内のHAB溶液へ添加した。この反応混合物を、周囲温度にてメカニカルスターラーで24時間攪拌し、粘稠なポリ(アミック酸)溶液を得た。次に、10mLのNMP中の無水酢酸11.1gを、攪拌しながらこの反応混合物へゆっくり添加し、続いて10mLのNMP中のピリジン8.6gをこの反応混合物へ添加した。反応混合物を、80℃にてメカニカルスターラーでさらに1時間攪拌し、ポリ(6FDA−HAB)ポリイミドを得た。この反応混合物を大量のメタノール中へゆっくり析出させることにより、微細繊維形状のポリ(6FDA−HAB)ポリイミド生成物を回収した。次に、得られたポリ(6FDA−HAB)ポリイミド繊維をメタノールで十分に洗浄し、真空オーブン中、150℃にて24時間乾燥させた。
ポリ(6FDA−HAB)ポリイミドおよびポリエーテルスルホン(PES)からのブレンドポリマー膜の作製(ポリ(6FDA−HAB)/PESと略す)
ポリ(6FDA−HAB)/PESブレンドポリマー膜を以下のようにして作製した:実施例1で合成したポリ(6FDA−HAB)ポリイミドの3.0gおよびポリエーテルスルホン(PES、BASF社から購入)の1.5gを12.0gのNMPおよび12.0gの1,3−ジオキソランの溶媒混合物中へ溶解した。この混合物をメカニカルスターラーで2時間攪拌して、均一なキャスト用ドープを形成させた。得られた均一なキャスト用ドープを一晩脱気させた。清浄なガラスプレート上、20−milギャップのドクターナイフを用いて、泡のないキャスト用ドープからポリ(6FDA−HAB)/PESブレンドポリマー膜を作製した。次に、この膜をガラスプレートと共に真空オーブンに投入した。真空オーブンの真空度および温度をゆっくり上昇させることで溶媒を除去した。最後に、真空下、200℃にて少なくとも48時間、この膜を乾燥させて残留溶媒を完全に除去し、ポリ(6FDA−HAB)/PESブレンドポリマー膜を形成した。
熱処理によるポリ(6FDA−HAB)/PESブレンドポリマー膜からのポリベンゾオキサゾール/PESブレンドポリマー膜(PBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−450CおよびPBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−400C)の作製
ポリ(6FDA−HAB)/PESブレンドポリマー膜を、N2気流下、5℃/分の加熱速度にて50℃から400℃または450℃まで加熱した。膜を400℃(PBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−400Cブレンドポリマー膜の作製のため)または450℃(PBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−450Cブレンドポリマー膜の作製のため)にて1時間保持し、続いてN2気流下、5℃/分の冷却速度にて50℃まで冷却して、ポリベンゾオキサゾール/PESブレンドポリマー膜(PBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−400CおよびPBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−450C)を得た。
ポリ(6FDA−HAB)純ポリイミド膜の作製
ポリ(6FDA−HAB)純ポリマー膜を以下のようにして作製した:実施例1で合成したポリ(6FDA−HAB)ポリイミドの4.0gを、12.0gのNMPおよび12.0gの1,3−ジオキソランの溶媒混合物中へ溶解した。この混合物をメカニカルスターラーで2時間攪拌して、均一なキャスト用ドープを形成させた。得られた均一なキャスト用ドープを一晩脱気させた。清浄なガラスプレート上、20−milギャップのドクターナイフを用いて、泡のないキャスト用ドープからポリ(6FDA−HAB)純ポリマー膜を作製した。次に、この膜をガラスプレートと共に真空オーブンに投入した。真空オーブンの真空度および温度をゆっくり上昇させることで溶媒を除去した。最後に、真空下、200℃にて少なくとも48時間、この膜を乾燥させて残留溶媒を完全に除去し、ポリ(6FDA−HAB)純ポリマー膜を形成した。
熱処理によるポリ(6FDA−HAB)純ポリマー膜からのポリベンゾオキサゾールポリマー膜(PBO(6FDA−HAB)−450C)の作製
ポリ(6FDA−HAB)純ポリマー膜を、N2気流下、5℃/分の加熱速度にて50℃から450℃まで加熱した。膜を450℃にて1時間保持し、続いてN2気流下、5℃/分の冷却速度にて50℃まで冷却して、ポリベンゾオキサゾール純ポリマー膜(PBO(6FDA−HAB)−450C)を得た。
PBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−450Cブレンドポリマー膜およびPBO(6FDA−HAB)−450C純ポリマー膜のCO2/CH4分離性能
PBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−450Cブレンドポリマー膜およびPBO(6FDA−HAB)−450C純ポリマー膜を、試験圧力690kPa(100psig)および温度50℃にて、CO2/CH4分離について試験した(表1)。PBO(6FDA−HAB)−450C純ポリマー膜は、非常にもろく、試験圧力下におけるクラックおよび欠陥の形成により、CO2/CH4分離に対する選択性は示さなかった。PBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−450Cブレンドポリマー膜は、PBO(6FDA−HAB)−450C純ポリマー膜よりも可撓性が高く、非常に高いCO2透過性(50℃の試験温度にてPCO2=540Barrer)および良好なCO2/CH4選択性(50℃の試験温度にて20)を示した。この結果は、PBOポリマー膜に特定の量の非PBOポリマーを導入することにより、膜の可撓性および加工性が向上することを示唆している。
UV照射によるPBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−450Cブレンドポリマー膜からの架橋ポリベンゾオキサゾール/PESブレンドポリマー膜(架橋PBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−450C)の作製
架橋PBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−450Cブレンドポリマー膜を、UVランプから発生させた波長254nmのUV光を用い、膜表面からUVランプまでの距離1.9cm(0.75インチ)および照射時間20分、50℃にてUV放射線に曝露させることによってPBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−450Cブレンドポリマー膜をUV架橋させて作製した。本明細書で述べるUVランプは、エースグラス社(Ace Glass Incorporated)製、12ワット電源を有する低圧水銀アーク浸漬型UV石英12ワットランプである。
PBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−450Cブレンドポリマー膜および架橋PBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−450Cブレンドポリマー膜のCO2/CH4分離性能
PBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−450Cブレンドポリマー膜および架橋PBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−450Cブレンドポリマー膜を、試験圧力690kPa(100psig)および温度50℃にて、CO2/CH4分離について試験した(表2)。表2から分かるように、架橋PBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−450℃ブレンドポリマー膜は、未架橋PBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−450℃ブレンドポリマー膜と比較して、CO2/CH4選択性が大きく上昇している。架橋PBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−450℃ブレンドポリマー膜のCO2透過性は、依然として300Barrerよりも高い。
PBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−400℃ブレンドポリマー膜および架橋PBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−400Cブレンドポリマー膜のCO2/CH4分離性能
PBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−400℃ブレンドポリマー膜および架橋PBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−400Cブレンドポリマー膜を、試験圧力690kPa(100psig)および温度50℃にて、CO2/CH4分離について試験した(表3)。表3から分かるように、架橋PBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−400Cブレンドポリマー膜は、未架橋PBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−400℃ブレンドポリマー膜と比較して、CO2透過性を大きく低下させることなく、CO2/CH4選択性が劇的に上昇している。この高いCO2/CH4選択性を有する架橋PBO(6FDA−HAB)/PES−400Cブレンドポリマー膜は、CO2/CH4分離用途のための膜として良好な候補である。
ポリ(ODPA−APAF)ポリイミドの合成
ポリマーバックボーン中のへテロ環イミド窒素に対するオルト位にペンダント−OH官能基を含む芳香族ポリ[4,4’−オキシジフタル酸無水物−2,2−ビス(3−アミノ−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)−ヘキサフルオロプロパン](ポリ(ODPA−APAF))ポリイミドを、NMP極性溶媒中、ポリ(アミック酸)の形成、およびこれに続く溶液イミド化プロセスを含む2段階プロセスにより、4,4’−オキシジフタル酸無水物(ODPA)および2,2−ビス(3−アミノ−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)−ヘキサフルオロプロパン(APAF)から合成した。溶液イミド化反応において、無水酢酸を脱水剤として用い、ピリジンをイミド化触媒として用いた。例えば、窒素入口およびメカニカルスターラーを備えた250mL三つ口丸底フラスコに、10.0g(27.3mmol)のAPAFおよび20mLのNMPを投入した。HABが完全に溶解した後、35mLのNMP中のODPA(8.88g、27.3mmol)の溶液をフラスコ内のAPAF溶液へ添加した。この反応混合物を、周囲温度にてメカニカルスターラーで24時間攪拌し、粘稠なポリ(アミック酸)溶液を得た。次に、10mLのNMP中の無水酢酸11.1gを、攪拌しながらこの反応混合物へゆっくり添加し、続いて10mLのNMP中のピリジン8.6gをこの反応混合物へ添加した。反応混合物を、80℃にてメカニカルスターラーでさらに1時間攪拌し、ポリ(ODPA−APAF)ポリイミドを得た。この反応混合物を大量のメタノール中へゆっくり析出させることにより、微細繊維形状のポリ(ODPA−APAF)ポリイミド生成物を回収した。次に、得られたポリ(ODPA−APAF)ポリイミド繊維をメタノールで十分に洗浄し、真空オーブン中、150℃にて24時間乾燥させた。
ポリ(ODPA−APAF)ポリイミドおよびポリビニルピロリドン(PVP)からのブレンドポリマー膜の作製(ポリ(ODPA−APAF)/PVPと略す)
ポリ(ODPA−APAF)/PVPブレンドポリマー膜を、ポリ(ODPA−APAF)/PVPのモル比を4:1とすること以外は実施例2で述べたものと類似の手順を用いて作製した。
熱処理によるポリ(ODPA−APAF)/PVPブレンドポリマー膜からのポリベンゾオキサゾール/PVPブレンドポリマー膜(PBO(ODPA−APAF)/PVP−450C)の作製
ポリ(ODPA−APAF)/PVPブレンドポリマー膜を、N2気流下、5℃/分の加熱速度にて50℃から450℃まで加熱した。膜を450℃にて1時間保持し、続いてN2気流下、5℃/分の冷却速度にて50℃まで冷却して、ポリベンゾオキサゾール/PVPブレンドポリマー膜(PBO(ODPA−APAF)/PVP−450C)を得た。
ポリ(ODPA−APAF)純ポリイミド膜の作製
ポリ(ODPA−APAF)純ポリマー膜を以下のようにして作製した:実施例10で合成したポリ(ODPA−APAF)ポリイミドの4.0gを、12.0gのNMPおよび12.0gの1,3−ジオキソランの溶媒混合物中へ溶解した。この混合物をメカニカルスターラーで2時間攪拌して、均一なキャスト用ドープを形成させた。得られた均一なキャスト用ドープを一晩脱気させた。清浄なガラスプレート上、20−milギャップのドクターナイフを用いて、泡のないキャスト用ドープからポリ(ODPA−APAF)純ポリマー膜を作製した。次に、この膜をガラスプレートと共に真空オーブンに投入した。真空オーブンの真空度および温度をゆっくり上昇させることで溶媒を除去した。最後に、真空下、200℃にて少なくとも48時間、この膜を乾燥させて残留溶媒を完全に除去し、ポリ(ODPA−APAF)純ポリマー膜を形成した。
熱処理によるポリ(ODPA−APAF)純ポリマー膜からのポリベンゾオキサゾールポリマー膜(PBO(ODPA−APAF)−450C)の作製
ポリ(ODPA−APAF)純ポリマー膜を、N2気流下、5℃/分の加熱速度にて50℃から450℃まで加熱した。膜を450℃にて1時間保持し、続いてN2気流下、5℃/分の冷却速度にて50℃まで冷却して、ポリベンゾオキサゾール純ポリマー膜(PBO(ODPA−APAF)−450C)を得た。
PBO(ODPA−APAF)/PVP−450Cブレンドポリマー膜およびPBO(ODPA−APAF)−450C純ポリマー膜のCO2/CH4分離性能
PBO(ODPA−APAF)−450C/PVP−450Cブレンドポリマー膜およびPBO(ODPA−APAF)−450C純ポリマー膜を、試験圧力690kPa(100psig)および温度50℃にて、CO2/CH4分離について試験した(表4)。表4から分かるように、PBO(ODPA−APAF)−450C/PVP−450Cブレンドポリマー膜は、PCO2が545BarrerおよびαCO2/CH4が22.0であるPBO(ODPA−APAF)−450C純ポリマー膜と比較して、CO2透過性(50℃の試験温度にてPCO2=678Barrer)およびCO2/CH4選択性(50℃の試験温度にて24.2)共に高い値を示した。これらの結果は、特定量のPVPポリマーをPBOポリマー膜に導入することで、PBOポリマー膜の分離性能を向上することができることを示唆している。
UV照射によるPBO(ODPA−APAF)/PVP−450Cブレンドポリマー膜からの架橋ポリベンゾオキサゾール/PVPブレンドポリマー膜(架橋PBO(ODPA−APAF)/PVP−450C)の作製
架橋PBO(ODPA−APAF)/PVP−450Cブレンドポリマー膜を、UVランプから発生させた波長254nmのUV光を用い、膜表面からUVランプまでの距離1.9cm(0.75インチ)および照射時間20分、50℃にてUV放射線に曝露させることによってPBO(ODPA−APAF)/PVP−450Cブレンドポリマー膜をUV架橋させて作製した。本明細書で述べるUVランプは、エースグラス社製、12ワット電源を有する低圧水銀アーク浸漬型UV石英12ワットランプである。
PBO(ODPA−APAF)/PVP−450Cブレンドポリマー膜および架橋PBO(ODPA−APAF)/PVP−450Cブレンドポリマー膜のCO2/CH4分離性能
PBO(ODPA−APAF)−450C/PVP−450Cブレンドポリマー膜および架橋PBO(ODPA−APAF)/PVP−450Cブレンドポリマー膜を、試験圧力690kPa(100psig)および温度50℃にて、CO2/CH4分離について試験した(表5)。表5から分かるように、架橋PBO(ODPA−APAF)/PVP−450Cブレンドポリマー膜は、未架橋PBO(ODPA−APAF)−450C/PVP−450Cブレンドポリマー膜よりも大幅に高いCO2/CH4選択性を示した。架橋PBO(ODPA−APAF)−450C/PVP−450℃ブレンドポリマー膜のCO2透過性は、依然として500Barrerよりも高い。
Claims (4)
- ブレンドポリマー膜を作製するための方法であって、
(1)式(I’)の第一の繰り返しユニットを複数含み、ここで、前記式(I’)は:
ここで、前記式(I’)の−X1−は、
(2)前記UV架橋性芳香族ポリイミドと、ポリエーテルスルホン及びポリビニルピロリドンから選択される第二のポリマーとからブレンドポリマー膜を作製すること、及び、
(3)前記ブレンドポリマー膜を300から600℃の温度で加熱することにより、前記ブレンドポリマー膜を熱転位ブレンドポリマー膜に変換すること、
を含む方法。 - 前記熱転位ブレンドポリマー膜に、UV架橋工程を施すことをさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- ガスまたは液体の混合物を分離する方法であって、前記ガスまたは液体の混合物を、請求項1または請求項2に従って作製したブレンドポリマー膜に接触させることを含む、方法。
- 前記ガスまたは液体が、窒素と酸素、二酸化炭素とメタン、および、水素とメタンから成る群より選択される少なくとも1つのガス対の混合物、一酸化炭素、ヘリウム、およびメタンの混合物、メタン、ならびに、二酸化炭素、酸素、窒素、水蒸気、硫化水素、ヘリウム、およびその他の微量ガスから成る群より選択される少なくとも1つのガス成分、炭化水素ガス、二酸化炭素、硫化水素、およびこれらの混合物、またはオレフィンおよびパラフィンの混合物、または、イソパラフィンおよびノルマルパラフィンの混合物、を含む、請求項3に記載の方法。
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EP2411455A2 (en) | 2012-02-01 |
JP2012521870A (ja) | 2012-09-20 |
WO2010110968A3 (en) | 2010-11-18 |
MY158335A (en) | 2016-09-30 |
US8561812B2 (en) | 2013-10-22 |
WO2010110968A2 (en) | 2010-09-30 |
US20120085233A1 (en) | 2012-04-12 |
EP2411455A4 (en) | 2013-07-24 |
CN102449041A (zh) | 2012-05-09 |
US20100242723A1 (en) | 2010-09-30 |
KR101359166B1 (ko) | 2014-02-06 |
BRPI1013586A2 (pt) | 2019-09-24 |
KR20120000086A (ko) | 2012-01-03 |
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