JP5332539B2 - 浄化触媒 - Google Patents
浄化触媒 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5332539B2 JP5332539B2 JP2008297571A JP2008297571A JP5332539B2 JP 5332539 B2 JP5332539 B2 JP 5332539B2 JP 2008297571 A JP2008297571 A JP 2008297571A JP 2008297571 A JP2008297571 A JP 2008297571A JP 5332539 B2 JP5332539 B2 JP 5332539B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- oxide
- transition metal
- purification catalyst
- metal oxide
- oxygen
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 135
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 117
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 85
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 71
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 26
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 26
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 21
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 19
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 15
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+);cobalt(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Co+2].[Co+3].[Co+3] UBEWDCMIDFGDOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 9
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 6
- HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C(CN1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 4
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MVFCKEFYUDZOCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium nitrate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910020599 Co 3 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002296 dynamic light scattering Methods 0.000 description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 for example Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nd+3].[Nd+3] PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MMKQUGHLEMYQSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);praseodymium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Pr+3].[Pr+3] MMKQUGHLEMYQSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical group [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound C1CN(CC2=NNN=C21)CC(=O)N3CCN(CC3)C4=CN=C(N=C4)NCC5=CC(=CC=C5)OC(F)(F)F LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910015902 Bi 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical group [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PJVJCBRBSVDHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Zr+4].[O-2].[Fe+2] Chemical compound [O-2].[Zr+4].[O-2].[Fe+2] PJVJCBRBSVDHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron;methyl 4-methoxypyridine-2-carboxylate;chloride Chemical compound Cl.COC(=O)C1=CC(OC)=CC=N1 RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003447 praseodymium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YWECOPREQNXXBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Pr+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YWECOPREQNXXBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYXGAEYDKFCVMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium oxide Chemical compound O=[Sc]O[Sc]=O HYXGAEYDKFCVMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/75—Cobalt
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/945—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/745—Iron
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/83—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with rare earths or actinides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/40—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0215—Coating
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/03—Precipitation; Co-precipitation
- B01J37/031—Precipitation
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Description
(実施例1−1)
硝酸コバルト水溶液にアンモニアを滴下し、沈殿物を形成後、ろ過、洗浄、乾燥、焼成、粉砕工程を経て、酸化コバルト(Co3O4)から成る本例の浄化触媒を得た。
硝酸コバルト水溶液にアンモニアを滴下し、沈殿物を形成後、ろ過、洗浄、乾燥、焼成、粉砕工程を経て、酸化コバルト(Co3O4)から成る本例の浄化触媒を得た。
比較のために、和光純薬工業株式会社製の酸化コバルト(Co3O4)を本例の浄化触媒として用いた。なお、この酸化コバルトの平均粒子径は、2.1μmであった。また、上記装置により、この酸化コバルトの結合エネルギを測定したところ、その結合エネルギのピーク値は531.5eVであった。
<一酸化炭素の酸化性能評価>
実施例1−1及び比較例1−1の浄化触媒を用いて、一酸化炭素の酸化開始温度を測定した。具体的には、BET比表面積を同程度にした実施例1−1及び比較例1−1の浄化触媒について、一酸化炭素の酸化開始温度を測定した。なお、各浄化触媒のBET比表面積は、各触媒を空気中で焼成することにより同程度にすることができる。
(実施例2−1−1)
上記実施例1で得られた、平均粒子径が500nmの酸化コバルト90gを、酸化物換算で10gのジルコニアゾルと混合した。次いで、酢酸水溶液を添加し、ボールミルでジルコニアボールと共に振とう粉砕した。これにより、触媒スラリを得た。更に、この触媒スラリをハニカム担体にコートし、余剰の触媒スラリを空気流にて除去した。この後、スラリが付着したハニカム担体を空気中、120℃で乾燥し、さらに空気中、400℃で焼成することにより、本例の排ガス浄化触媒を得た。なお、酸化コバルトと酸化ジルコニウムの比率(Co3O4:ZrO2)は、0.37mol:0.08molである。また、ハニカム担体の材質はコージェライトであり、セル数は900セルであり、壁厚は2.5ミルであり、容量は0.06Lである。
上記実施例1で得られた、平均粒子径が500nmの酸化コバルトと、ジルコニアゾルとを混合した。次いで、酢酸水溶液を添加し、ボールミルでジルコニアボールと共に振とう粉砕した。これにより、触媒スラリを得た。更に、この触媒スラリを、上記実施例2−1−1と同様のハニカム担体にコートし、余剰の触媒スラリを空気流にて除去した。この後、スラリが付着したハニカム担体を空気中、120℃で乾燥し、さらに空気中、400℃で焼成することにより、本例の排ガス浄化触媒を得た。なお、酸化コバルトと酸化ジルコニウムの比率(Co3O4:ZrO2)は、0.42mol:0.32molである。
上記実施例1−1で得られた酸化コバルトに替えて、比較例1−1における平均粒子径が2.1μmの和光純薬工業株式会社製の酸化コバルトを用いたこと以外は、実施例2−1−1と同様の操作を繰り返し、本例の排ガス浄化触媒を得た。
まず、酸素ガス雰囲気中で鉄を高周波誘導加熱して蒸発させることにより、平均粒子径が500nmの酸化鉄(III)(γFe2O3)を調製した。次に、得られた酸化鉄90gを、酸化物換算10gのジルコニアゾルと混合した。次いで、酢酸水溶液を添加し、ボールミルでジルコニアボールと共に振とう粉砕した。これにより、触媒スラリを得た。更に、この触媒スラリを上記実施例2−1−1と同様のハニカム担体にコートし、余剰の触媒スラリを空気流にて除去した。この後、スラリが付着したハニカム担体を空気中、120℃で乾燥し、さらに空気中、400℃で焼成することにより、本例の排ガス浄化触媒を得た。なお、酸化鉄と酸化ジルコニウムの比率(Fe2O3:ZrO2)は5.64mol:8.1molであった。
まず、酸素ガス雰囲気中で鉄を高周波誘導加熱して蒸発させることにより、平均粒子径が500nmの酸化鉄(III)(αFe2O3)を調製した。次に、得られた酸化鉄90gを、酸化物換算10gのジルコニアゾルと混合した。次いで、酢酸水溶液を添加し、ボールミルでジルコニアボールと共に振とう粉砕した。これにより、触媒スラリを得た。更に、この触媒スラリを上記実施例2−1−1と同様のハニカム担体にコートし、余剰の触媒スラリを空気流にて除去した。この後、スラリが付着したハニカム担体を空気中、120℃で乾燥し、さらに空気中、400℃で焼成することにより、本例の排ガス浄化触媒を得た。なお、酸化鉄と酸化ジルコニウムの比率(Fe2O3:ZrO2)は、5.64mol:8.1molであった。
実施例2−2−1で得られたγFe2O3に替えて、平均粒子径が2.1μmの株式会社高純度化学研究所製のγFe2O3を用いたこと以外は、実施例2−2−1と同様の操作を繰り返し、本例の排ガス浄化触媒を得た。
まず、硝酸コバルト水溶液と硝酸セリウム水溶液を混合し、次に水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を滴下することにより、沈殿物を形成した。その後、沈殿物をろ過し、洗浄、乾燥、焼成、粉砕工程を経て、本例の浄化触媒を得た。
まず、硝酸コバルト水溶液と硝酸ジルコニウム水溶液を混合し、次に水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を滴下することにより、沈殿物を形成した。その後、沈殿物をろ過し、洗浄、乾燥、焼成、粉砕工程を経て、本例の浄化触媒を得た。
まず、硝酸鉄水溶液と硝酸セリウム水溶液を混合し、次に水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を滴下することにより、沈殿物を形成した。その後、沈殿物をろ過し、洗浄、乾燥、焼成、粉砕工程を経て、本例の浄化触媒を得た。
まず、硝酸鉄水溶液と硝酸ジルコニウム水溶液を混合し、次に水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を滴下することにより、沈殿物を形成した。その後、沈殿物をろ過し、洗浄、乾燥、焼成、粉砕工程を経て、本例の浄化触媒を得た。
まず、硝酸鉄水溶液と硝酸プラセオジム水溶液を混合し、次に水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を滴下することにより、沈殿物を形成した。その後、沈殿物をろ過し、洗浄、乾燥、焼成、粉砕工程を経て、本例の浄化触媒を得た。
まず、硝酸鉄水溶液と硝酸ビスマス水溶液を混合し、次に水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を滴下することにより、沈殿物を形成した。その後、沈殿物をろ過し、洗浄、乾燥、焼成、粉砕工程を経て、本例の浄化触媒を得た。
実施例2−1−1の酸化コバルトに替えて、平均粒子径が2.1μmの和光純薬工業株式会社製の酸化コバルトを用いたこと以外は、実施例2−1−1と同様の操作を繰り返し、本例の排ガス浄化触媒を得た。
<三元性能評価>
上記実施例2−1−1及び比較例2−1−1の浄化触媒を用いて、一酸化炭素(CO)、炭化水素(HC)及び窒素酸化物(NOx)の浄化性能(転化率)を測定した。具体的には、実施例2−1−1及び比較例2−1−1の浄化触媒について、下記測定条件1の下、各温度におけるCO、HC及びNOxの転化率を測定した。実施例2−1−1及び比較例2−1−1の各成分の転化率の測定結果を図5に示す。
・反応ガス流量:40L/分
・反応ガスのZ値:0.97
・反応ガスのA/F:14.53
・反応ガスの組成(ストイキ):NO;1000ppm、CO;0.60vol%、H2;0.20vol%、O2;0.58vol%、CO2;13.9vol%、C3H6;1665ppmC、H2O;10vol%、N2(バランス);残部
なお、「ppmC」とは、炭素換算を意味し、例えばベンゼン1ppm=6ppmCとなる。
・反応ガス流量:40L/分
・反応ガス(ストイキ)[Z値:0.97、A/F:14.53、組成:NO;1000ppm、CO;0.60vol%、H2;0.20vol%、O2;0.58vol%、CO2;13.9vol%、C3H6;1665ppmC、H2O;10vol%、N2(バランス);残部]
・反応ガス(リッチ)[Z値:0.28、A/F:14.03、組成:NO;1000ppm、CO;1.30vol%、H2;0.43vol%、O2;0.27vol%、CO2;13.9vol%、C3H6;1665ppmC、H2O;10vol%、N2(バランス);残部]
・反応ガス(リーン)[Z値:2.08、A/F:15.01、組成:NO;1000ppm、CO;0.60vol%、H2;0.20vol%、O2;1.30vol%、CO2;13.9vol%、C3H6;1665ppmC、H2O;10vol%、N2(バランス);残部]
Claims (2)
- 平均粒子径が1nm〜2μmであり、且つ、酸素の電子の結合エネルギが531.3eVより低エネルギ側にシフトしている遷移金属酸化物から成る触媒粉末と、酸素放出材料と、無機酸化物を含有し、
上記酸素放出材料は、上記遷移金属酸化物の表面に担持され、又は上記遷移金属酸化物と固溶体を形成しており、
上記酸素放出材料が、セリウム、プラセオジム、ネオジム、イットリウム及びスカンジウムから成る群より選ばれた少なくとも1種の希土類元素を含む希土類酸化物であり、
上記遷移金属酸化物が、鉄及びコバルトから成る群より選ばれた少なくとも1種の遷移元素を含む遷移金属酸化物であり、
上記無機酸化物が、ジルコニウム、チタン、ケイ素及びタングステンから成る群より選ばれた少なくとも1種の元素を含み、
上記遷移金属酸化物が、上記無機酸化物中に分散した状態で担持されている
ことを特徴とする浄化触媒。 - 請求項1に記載の浄化触媒を含有する触媒層と、
上記触媒層を内面に形成した一体構造型担体と、
を備えることを特徴とする排ガス浄化触媒。
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