JP5315008B2 - 光電変換装置 - Google Patents
光電変換装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5315008B2 JP5315008B2 JP2008284159A JP2008284159A JP5315008B2 JP 5315008 B2 JP5315008 B2 JP 5315008B2 JP 2008284159 A JP2008284159 A JP 2008284159A JP 2008284159 A JP2008284159 A JP 2008284159A JP 5315008 B2 JP5315008 B2 JP 5315008B2
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- semiconductor layer
- electrode
- layer
- unit cell
- photoelectric conversion
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- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/036—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes
- H01L31/0368—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including polycrystalline semiconductors
- H01L31/03682—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including polycrystalline semiconductors including only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
- H01L31/03685—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including polycrystalline semiconductors including only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table including microcrystalline silicon, uc-Si
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- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/02002—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations
- H01L31/02005—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/02008—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells or solar cell modules
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- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/036—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes
- H01L31/0376—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including amorphous semiconductors
- H01L31/03762—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including amorphous semiconductors including only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
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- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/06—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers
- H01L31/068—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN homojunction type, e.g. bulk silicon PN homojunction solar cells or thin film polycrystalline silicon PN homojunction solar cells
- H01L31/0687—Multiple junction or tandem solar cells
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Description
図1は、本形態に係る光電変換装置100の平面図を示す。この光電変換装置100は、支持基板101上に固定された第1ユニットセル104及び第2ユニットセル105が設けられている。第1ユニットセル104及び第2ユニットセル105は半導体接合を含有し、それにより光電変換を行うように構成されている。なお、第1ユニットセル104と第2ユニットセル105の間には、導電性クラスターが分散している。
次に、図1のA−B切断線に対応する断面構造として、図2の場合を前提として光電変換装置100の製造方法について説明する。
H2+e− → H2 ++2e− −Q (Q=15.39eV) (1)
H2 ++H2 → H3 ++H +Q (Q=1.49eV) (2)
実施の形態2において、図6(B)で半導体基板119を分離することにより露出した単結晶半導体層106の表面は、損傷層121を形成したことにより結晶欠陥が残留する場合がある。その場合には単結晶半導体層106の表層部をエッチングにより除去しておくことが好ましい。エッチングはドライエッチング又はウエットエッチングで行う。また、単結晶半導体層106の劈開された面は、平均面粗さ(Ra)が7nm〜10nm、最大高低差(P−V)が300nm〜400nmの凹凸面が残留する場合がある。なお、ここでいう山谷の最大高低差とは、山頂と谷底の高さの差を示す。また、ここでいう山頂と谷底とはJIS B0101で定義されている「山頂」「谷底」を三次元に拡張したものであり、山頂とは指定面の山において最も標高の高いところ、谷底とは指定面の谷において最も標高の低いところと表現される。
本形態は、実施形態1と異なる製造工程を図12に示す。図12において、(A)保護膜120を形成して第1不純物半導体層107を形成した後、(B)保護膜120をそのまま残して損傷層121を形成しても良い。その後、(C)保護膜120を除去して第1電極103を形成する。このような工程とすることで、保護膜120を有効に利用することができる。すなわち、イオンの照射で損傷を受けた保護膜120を、第1電極103の形成前に除去することで、半導体基板119の表面の損傷を防止することができる。また、第1不純物半導体層107を通して水素のクラスターイオンが打ち込まれる損傷層121を形成することにより、第1不純物半導体層107の水素化を兼ねることができる。以降の工程は、実施の形態1と同様に行えば良い。
本形態は、実施形態1と異なる製造工程を図13に示す。図13において、(A)半導体基板119に第1電極103を形成し、(B)第1電極103を通して一導電型の不純物を添加して、第1不純物半導体層107を形成する。そして、(C)第1電極103を通して水素のクラスターイオンを打ち込み損傷層121を形成する。本工程では、第1電極103を最初に形成することにより、これをイオンドーピングにおける損傷防止層として利用することができる。また、イオンドーピングのために保護膜を形成する工程を省略することができる。以降の工程は、実施の形態1と同様に行えば良い。
本形態は、実施形態1と異なる製造工程を図14に示す。図14において、(A)半導体基板119に第1電極103を形成し、(B)第1電極103を通して水素のクラスターイオンを打ち込み損傷層121を形成する。そして、(C)第1電極103を通して一導電型の不純物を添加して第1不純物半導体層107を形成する。本工程では、第1電極103を最初に形成することにより、これをイオンドーピングにおける損傷防止層として利用することができる。本形態では、イオンドーピングのために保護膜を形成する工程を省略することができる。また、第1不純物半導体層107を通して水素のクラスターイオンが打ち込まれる損傷層121を形成することにより、第1不純物半導体層107の水素化を兼ねることができる。以降の工程は、実施の形態1と同様に行えば良い。
本形態は、実施形態1と異なる製造工程を図15に示す。図15において、(A)保護膜120を形成して水素のクラスターイオンを打ち込み損傷層121を形成し、(B)保護膜120をそのまま残して第1不純物半導体層107を形成する。そして、(C)保護膜120を除去して第1電極103を形成する。このような工程とすることで、保護膜120を有効に利用することができる。また、損傷層121を形成した後に、第1不純物半導体層107を形成することにより、該第1不純物半導体層107の不純物濃度を高濃度化することができ、浅い接合を形成することができる。それにより、裏面電界(BSF:Back Surface Field)効果により光生成キャリアの収集効率の高い光電変換装置を製造することができる。以降の工程は、実施の形態1と同様に行えば良い。
本形態は、実施形態1と異なる製造工程を図16に示す。図16において、(A)保護膜120を形成して水素のクラスターイオンを打ち込み損傷層121を形成し、(B)保護膜120を除去して第1電極103を形成する。そして、(C)第1電極103を通して一導電型の不純物を添加して第1不純物半導体層107を形成する。第1電極103を通して第1不純物半導体層107を形成することにより、第1不純物半導体層107の厚さを制御することが容易となる。以降の工程は、実施の形態1と同様に行えば良い。
実施形態1乃至8により製造される光電変換装置を用いた太陽光発電モジュールの一例を図17(A)に示す。この太陽光発電モジュール128は、支持基板101上に設けられた第1ユニットセル104と第2ユニットセル105により構成されている。
図18は太陽光発電モジュール128を用いた太陽光発電システムの一例を示す。一又は複数の太陽光発電モジュール128の出力電力は、充電制御回路129により蓄電池130を充電する。蓄電池130の充電量が多い場合には、負荷131に直接出力される場合もある。
101 支持基板
102 絶縁層
103 第1電極
104 第1ユニットセル
105 第2ユニットセル
106 単結晶半導体層
107 第1不純物半導体層
108 第2不純物半導体層
109 非単結晶半導体層
110 第3不純物半導体層
111 第4不純物半導体層
112 第2電極
113 第1補助電極
114 第2補助電極
115 第3ユニットセル
116 非単結晶半導体層
117 第5不純物半導体層
118 第6不純物半導体層
119 半導体基板
120 保護膜
121 損傷層
122 イオンビーム
123 バリア層
124 パッシベーション層
125 レーザビーム
126 第1裏面電極
127 第2裏面電極
128 太陽光発電モジュール
129 充電制御回路
130 蓄電池
131 負荷
132 導電性クラスター
133 金属クラスターイオンビーム
200 イオン源
201 フィラメント
202 フィラメント電源
203 電源制御部
204 ガス供給部
205 引出し電極系
206 載置台
207 質量分析管
208 質量分析計
209 排気系
210 レーザ発振器
211 光学系
212 ガス噴射筒
213 ガス供給部
214 流量制御部
215 ガス加熱部
216 ガス供給部
217 シリンドリカルレンズアレイ
218 シリンドリカルレンズ
219 ミラー
220 ダブレットシリンドリカルレンズ
221 光導入窓
222 基板ステージ
224 スライダ
225 ターゲット
226 バイアス電源
Claims (1)
- 基板と、絶縁層と、第1ユニットセルと、第2ユニットセルと、導電性クラスターと、第1電極と、第2電極と、第3電極と、第4電極と、第1補助電極と、第2補助電極と、を有し、
前記第1ユニットセルは、単結晶半導体層と、一導電型の第1不純物半導体層と、一導電型とは逆の導電型の第2の不純物半導体層と、を有し、
前記第2ユニットセルは、非単結晶半導体層と、一導電型の第3不純物半導体層と、一導電型とは逆の導電型の第4の不純物半導体層と、を有し、
前記絶縁層は、前記基板の第1面に設けられ、
前記第1電極は、前記絶縁層上に設けられ、
前記第1不純物半導体層と、前記第1補助電極とは、前記第1電極上に設けられ、
前記単結晶半導体層は、前記第1不純物半導体層上に設けられ、
前記第2不純物半導体層は、前記単結晶半導体層上に設けられ、
前記導電性クラスターは、前記第2不純物半導体層上に設けられ、
前記第3不純物半導体層は、前記導電性クラスター上に設けられ、
前記非単結晶半導体層は、前記第3不純物半導体層上に設けられ、
前記第4不純物半導体層は、前記非単結晶半導体層上に設けられ、
前記第2電極は、前記第4不純物半導体層上に設けられ、
前記第2補助電極は、前記第2電極上に設けられ、
前記第3電極と、前記第4電極とは、前記基板の第2面に設けられ、
前記基板の第1面は、第1領域と、第2領域と、第3領域と、第4領域と、を有し、
前記第1領域は、前記絶縁層と重なり、且つ、前記第1電極と重なり、且つ、前記第1ユニットセルと重ならず、且つ、前記導電性クラスターと重ならず、且つ、前記第2ユニットセルと重ならず、且つ、前記第2電極と重ならならず、且つ、前記第2補助電極と重ならない領域であり、
前記第2領域は、前記第1領域中において、前記第1補助電極と重なる領域であり、
前記第3領域は、前記第1補助電極と重なり、且つ、前記絶縁層と重ならず、且つ、前記第1電極と重ならず、且つ、前記第1ユニットセルと重ならず、且つ、前記導電性クラスターと重ならず、且つ、前記第2ユニットセルと重ならず、且つ、前記第2電極と重ならならず、且つ、前記第2補助電極と重ならない領域であり、
前記第4領域は、前記第2補助電極と重なり、且つ、前記絶縁層と重ならず、且つ、前記第1電極と重ならず、且つ、前記第1ユニットセルと重ならず、且つ、前記導電性クラスターと重ならず、且つ、前記第2ユニットセルと重ならず、且つ、前記第2電極と重ならならない領域であり、
前記基板は、前記第3領域において第1貫通口を有し、
前記基板は、前記第4領域において第2貫通口を有し、
前記第1補助電極は、前記第2領域から前記第3領域まで引き回して設けられ、
前記第2補助電極は、前記第2電極上から前記第4領域まで、引き回して設けられ、
前記第1補助電極は、前記第1貫通口において、前記第3電極と電気的に接続され、
前記第2補助電極は、前記第2貫通口において、前記第4電極と電気的に接続され、
前記第1貫通口と前記第2貫通口は、前記基板の一辺に沿って設けられていることを特徴とする光電変換装置。
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JP2013058562A (ja) | 2011-09-07 | 2013-03-28 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | 光電変換装置 |
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- 2008-11-14 CN CN201210459210.8A patent/CN102931240B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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TW200941738A (en) | 2009-10-01 |
JP2009141331A (ja) | 2009-06-25 |
CN101436618A (zh) | 2009-05-20 |
CN101436618B (zh) | 2013-01-02 |
US20110204360A1 (en) | 2011-08-25 |
US20090127555A1 (en) | 2009-05-21 |
US7915611B2 (en) | 2011-03-29 |
US8093590B2 (en) | 2012-01-10 |
CN102931240A (zh) | 2013-02-13 |
CN102931240B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
TWI452703B (zh) | 2014-09-11 |
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