JP5313423B2 - 燃料電池および電力チップ - Google Patents
燃料電池および電力チップ Download PDFInfo
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- JP5313423B2 JP5313423B2 JP2001553607A JP2001553607A JP5313423B2 JP 5313423 B2 JP5313423 B2 JP 5313423B2 JP 2001553607 A JP2001553607 A JP 2001553607A JP 2001553607 A JP2001553607 A JP 2001553607A JP 5313423 B2 JP5313423 B2 JP 5313423B2
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- VLJQDHDVZJXNQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-n-(oxomethylidene)benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)N=C=O)C=C1 VLJQDHDVZJXNQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910008479 TiSi2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910008814 WSi2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- DFJQEGUNXWZVAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis($l^{2}-silanylidene)titanium Chemical compound [Si]=[Ti]=[Si] DFJQEGUNXWZVAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
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- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明の最適な実施形態を以下に説明する。図1には、従来の半導体ウェーハ10の平面図が示されている。この半導体ウェーハ上には複数の半導体燃料電池12が形成されている。複数の電池が、ウェーハ上で電気的に相互接続された上でガスが供給されて一つの電力チップ15を形成する場合もある。簡略化のために、燃料電池12およびチップ15は倍率どおりに示されていないが、4インチウェーハ上には少なくとも8000万個の電池を形成することができる。そのような電池の一つが図2の部分断面図に示されている。この電池の最も簡略な形では、各電池12は基板14、接触子16A,16Bおよび導電性重合体ベース18から成っている。この伝導性重合体ベース18が、非導電性の重合体層支持構造体20の第1層20(a)の両側上で形成されており、かつ前記金属電気接触子と密接している。
に接続されるように配置されており、かつチャネル60A,60B側の基板140上に沿って上方へ延び、さらに電池外へ延びている。
用基板がガラス,プラスチックまたはフェノールのようなアモルファス材料から成っていてもよい。この場合、電池の制御回路を別の半導体ダイ上で形成し、電池群に電気的に接続してハイブリッド構造体を形成することができる。PEM構造体間のインターフェイスは、好ましくは金から成っている集合単層(SAM)インターフェイスである。しかしながら、銀または白金のような金属を使用してもよい。同様に、PEMは多数の分子鎖から成っているが、好ましくは、金との親和力を備えた塩ベースを有していて、その結果、金から成るSAM構造体に接続できる。また、白金および銀のような純金属を代わりに使用してもよい。SAMに使用して、別の触媒を使用することも可能である。そのような触媒およびPEMを、捨て鋳型または蒸着およびエッチングを用いて基板に付着させてもよい。
Claims (42)
- a)基板と、
b)前記基板内に形成された、燃料導入用の第1のチャネルおよび酸化剤導入用の第2のチャネルと、
c)第1および第2の側面を有する柱状のプロトン交換膜であって、前記基板上に形成され、前記第1のチャネルを前記第2のチャネルから分離する膜と、
d)前記膜の第1の側面にある第1の電極および前記膜の第2の側面にある第2の電極と、
e)前記膜の各側面に埋め込まれて前記電極に電気的に接続されている触媒と、
f)前記膜の頂部に接合されて前記膜とともに気密封止を形成するガス不浸透性素材から成るカバーと、
を備える燃料電池。 - a)基板と、
b)前記基板内に形成された、燃料導入用の第1の流路および酸化剤導入用の第2の流路と、
c)前記基板上に形成され、内側の流路を形成する領域を囲み、かつ前記内側の流路を外側の流路から分離する第1および第2の側面を有するプロトン交換膜と、
d)前記膜の第1の側面にある第1の電極および前記膜の第2の側面にある第2の電極と、
e)前記膜の各側面に埋め込まれて前記電極に電気的に接続されている触媒と、
f)前記膜の頂部に接合されて前記膜とともに気密封止を形成するガス不浸透性素材から成るカバーと、
を備える燃料電池。 - 請求項1または2において、前記触媒が前記膜の第1および第2の側面に導入されている燃料電池。
- 請求項1または2において、前記触媒が前記電極内に導入されている燃料電池。
- 請求項1または2において、前記電極が導電性重合体から成る燃料電池。
- 請求項1または2において、前記膜が重合体から成る燃料電池。
- 請求項6において、前記重合体が層を形成している燃料電池。
- 請求項1または2において、前記膜が鋳造品である燃料電池。
- 請求項1または2において、前記膜がフィルム膜である燃料電池。
- 請求項9において、前記膜がエッチングされて、前記第1および第2の側面が造られる燃料電池。
- 請求項9において、前記膜が、スピンコーティング法を用いて形成されている燃料電池。
- 請求項1または2において、前記膜を波形にして、表面積を増大させる燃料電池。
- 請求項1または2において、外部の負荷が、前記電極に電気的に接続された金属の接触子を介して接続されている燃料電池。
- 請求項13において、PtSi,WSi2,TiSi2,Ti:WおよびTiNのいずれかを用いて、前記接触子が造られている燃料電池。
- 請求項13において、Al,Cu,Au,Agまたは金属合金を用いて、前記接触子が造られている燃料電池。
- 請求項13において、ポリシリコン、けい化ポリシリコンまたは前記基板を用いて、前記接触子が造られている燃料電池。
- 請求項1または2において、前記基板が、燃料または酸化剤が流れる孔を有しており、この孔が該基板面に対して垂直である燃料電池。
- 請求項17において、前記孔が燃料または酸化剤を燃料電池の内側または外側に供給する燃料電池。
- 請求項1または2において、前記電極への相互接続のために少なくとも1つの電気回路の導電性素材が前記膜の下を横断して延びている燃料電池。
- a)一体化基板と、b)電力チップを形成するために電気的に相互接続されるように配列された複数の燃料電池のアレイであって、i)複数の、前記基板内に形成された燃料導入用の第1の流路および酸化剤導入用の第2の流路と、ii)第1および第2の側面を有する複数の柱状のプロトン交換膜であって、前記基板上に形成され、前記第1の流路を前記第2の流路から分離する膜と、iii)前記各膜の第1の側面にある第1の電極および前記各膜の第2の側面にある第2の電極と、iv)前記膜の第1および第2の側面に埋め込まれて前記電極に電気的に接続された触媒と、v)前記膜の頂部に接合されて前記アレイの膜と気密封止を形成するガス不浸透性素材から成るカバーと、を含む前記燃料電池のアレイと、c)前記アレイを囲んで、燃料および酸化剤を前記複数の燃料電池に分配する複数のマニフォルドと、d)複数の電力ターミナルと、を備える電力チップ。
- 請求項20において、前記基板が絶縁体から成っている電力チップ。
- 請求項21において、前記絶縁体がガラスからなる電力チップ。
- 請求項20において、前記基板が半導体素材から成っている電力チップ。
- 請求項23において、前記半導体素材がSi,GeおよびGaAsから成る一群から選択されている電力チップ。
- 請求項20において、前記アレイ内の燃料電池のカバーが前記マニフォルドと一体化されている電力チップ。
- 請求項20において、複数の燃料電池が、電池間の接続構成を調整可能な方法で、スイッチ,ヒューズまたは金属リンクを介して電気的に相互接続されている電力チップ。
- 請求項26において、スイッチが前記基板上に一体形成された半導体トランジスタである電力チップ。
- 請求項26において、前記電池間の接続構成が一回でプログラム可能である電力チップ。
- 請求項26において、前記電池間の接続構成がマイクロコントローラの制御下にある電力チップ。
- 請求項20において、一以上のマイクロコントローラが電力出力、温度または燃料消費である動作パラメータを監視する電力チップ。
- 請求項20において、一以上のマイクロコントローラが前記基板上に形成されている電力チップ。
- 温度、電圧、電流、ガス圧力および流れセンサである複数の一体化されたセンサを含む請求項20に記載の電力チップ。
- a)平板状の基板と、b)i)燃料および酸化剤導入用の複数の流路、ii)燃料電池のアレイ、およびiii)複数の電力ターミナル、を備える複数の請求項20に記載の電力チップと、c)前記燃料電池のアレイを囲み、燃料および酸化剤を前記複数の電力チップに分配する複数のマニフォルドと、d)複数の電力バス・ターミナルと、を備える電力ディスク。
- 請求項33において、前記マニフォルドが、交換可能な燃料および/または酸化剤サブシステム用のインターフェイス孔を含む電力ディスク。
- 請求項33において、電力出力がプログラムによって規定される電力ディスク。
- a)各々が互いに垂直に配置されている複数の請求項20に記載の電力チップおよび/または請求項33に記載の電力ディスクと、b)前記複数の電力チップおよび/または電力ディスク間の電気的相互接続と、c)燃料および酸化剤を前記電力チップおよび/または電力ディスクに供給するマニフォルドと、を備える電力積層体。
- a)基板を形成するステップと、b)燃料が通る第1のチャネルおよび酸化剤が通る第2のチャネルを前記基板内に形成するステップと、c)第1および第2の側面を有する柱状のプロトン交換膜であって、前記第1のチャネルを前記第2のチャネルから分離する膜を前記基板上に形成するステップと、d)前記膜の第1の側面に第1の電極および第2の側面に第2の電極を形成するステップと、e)前記膜の各側面に埋め込まれて前記電極に電気に連結されている触媒を形成するステップと、f)前記膜の頂部に接合されて前記膜とともに気密封止を形成するガス不浸透性素材から成るカバーを形成するステップと、を含む燃料電池の形成方法。
- a)平板状の基板を形成するステップと、b)i)燃料および酸化剤導入用の複数の流路、ii)請求項37に記載の方法によって形成される燃料電池のアレイ、およびiii)複数の電力ターミナル、を備える複数の電力チップおよび/または前記複数の電力チップを有する電力ディスクを形成するステップと、c)前記アレイを囲み、燃料および酸化剤を前記複数の電力チップおよび/または電力ディスクに分配する複数のマニフォルドを形成するステップと、d)複数の電力バス・ターミナルを形成するステップと、を含む電力装置を形成する方法。
- a)請求項38に記載のステップによって、各々が互いに垂直に配置されている複数の電力チップおよび/または電力ディスクを形成するステップと、b)前記電力チップおよび/または電力ディスク間の電気的相互接続を形成するステップと、c)燃料および酸化剤を前記電力チップおよび/または電力ディスクに供給するマニフォルドを形成するステップと、を含む電力積層体の形成方法。
- 請求項37において、さらに、a)基板内で、複数の垂直な切込み溝を有する壁によって各々が互いに分離されている三つの流れチャネルである、一つの内側チャネルおよび二つの外側チャネルを形成するステップと、b)各壁の外側のベース部上に電極を形成するステップと、c)前記切込み溝間に形成される複数の歯上および前記電極上に触媒を形成するステップと、を含む燃料電池の形成方法。
- 平板状の基板を用いて、請求項37に記載の方法によって燃料電池を形成する方法であって、前記燃料電池の活性表面が前記平板状の基板の面に対して垂直であり、かつ活性表面の高さに対する幅の比率が大きい燃料電池形成方法。
- 電池間の接続構成、および/または燃料消費、および/または効率を感知および/または制御するエレクトロニクスが、基板上に一体化され、その同一の基板上で、請求項37に記載の方法によって燃料電池を形成する方法。
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US9406955B2 (en) | 2016-08-02 |
US20060110636A1 (en) | 2006-05-25 |
CN100349318C (zh) | 2007-11-14 |
AU5901601A (en) | 2001-07-31 |
JP2003532977A (ja) | 2003-11-05 |
US7029779B2 (en) | 2006-04-18 |
US20050060876A1 (en) | 2005-03-24 |
US6312846B1 (en) | 2001-11-06 |
US20070116994A1 (en) | 2007-05-24 |
EP2525431A3 (en) | 2013-01-16 |
WO2001054217A9 (en) | 2002-08-01 |
US8431281B2 (en) | 2013-04-30 |
US6815110B2 (en) | 2004-11-09 |
EP1236237B1 (en) | 2017-04-12 |
US20140030621A1 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
US6991866B2 (en) | 2006-01-31 |
CN101118974A (zh) | 2008-02-06 |
EP1236237A2 (en) | 2002-09-04 |
WO2001054217A3 (en) | 2002-05-02 |
CN1421054A (zh) | 2003-05-28 |
US20080292920A1 (en) | 2008-11-27 |
US20050130021A1 (en) | 2005-06-16 |
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