JP5306354B2 - 色素増感型光電変換素子 - Google Patents
色素増感型光電変換素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5306354B2 JP5306354B2 JP2010525715A JP2010525715A JP5306354B2 JP 5306354 B2 JP5306354 B2 JP 5306354B2 JP 2010525715 A JP2010525715 A JP 2010525715A JP 2010525715 A JP2010525715 A JP 2010525715A JP 5306354 B2 JP5306354 B2 JP 5306354B2
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- photoelectric conversion
- conversion element
- metal complex
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 74
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000000434 metal complex dye Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 21
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
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- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 8
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001434 methanylylidene group Chemical group [H]C#[*] 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen thiocyanate Natural products SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
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- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 8
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- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 5
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 5
- RUDATBOHQWOJDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3beta,5beta,7alpha)-3,7-Dihydroxycholan-24-oic acid Natural products OC1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(CCC(O)=O)C)C1(C)CC2 RUDATBOHQWOJDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- QMPSUPWBJMOGPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ru].CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 Chemical class [Ru].CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 QMPSUPWBJMOGPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MXQOYLRVSVOCQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;tritert-butylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C.CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C MXQOYLRVSVOCQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazole Chemical compound C=1C=NNC=1 WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000005129 aryl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 3
- RUDATBOHQWOJDD-BSWAIDMHSA-N chenodeoxycholic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1C[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C)[C@@]2(C)CC1 RUDATBOHQWOJDD-BSWAIDMHSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- WEHWNAOGRSTTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylamine Chemical group CCCNCCC WEHWNAOGRSTTBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003754 ethoxycarbonyl group Chemical group C(=O)(OCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011245 gel electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006038 hexenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-O hydron piperazine Chemical compound [H+].C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 1
- MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CN1 MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodide Chemical compound [I-] XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002510 isobutoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005929 isobutyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000000555 isopropenyl group Chemical group [H]\C([H])=C(\*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003253 isopropoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(O*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005928 isopropyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(OC(*)=O)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QDLAGTHXVHQKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N lichenxanthone Natural products COC1=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C3=C(C)C=C(OC)C=C3OC2=C1 QDLAGTHXVHQKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001160 methoxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- RKORCSRHFXMGEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-bis(2-methylpropyl)acetamide Chemical group CC(C)CN(C(C)=O)CC(C)C RKORCSRHFXMGEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MEXKFCWMWJZDMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dibutylacetamide Chemical group CCCCN(C(C)=O)CCCC MEXKFCWMWJZDMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AJFDBNQQDYLMJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethylacetamide Chemical group CCN(CC)C(C)=O AJFDBNQQDYLMJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IFTIBNDWGNYRLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dipropylacetamide Chemical group CCCN(C(C)=O)CCC IFTIBNDWGNYRLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FILVHGGOUFZULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butan-2-ylacetamide Chemical group CCC(C)NC(C)=O FILVHGGOUFZULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006606 n-butoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GYLDXXLJMRTVSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butylacetamide Chemical group CCCCNC(C)=O GYLDXXLJMRTVSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OHLUUHNLEMFGTQ-AZXPZELESA-N n-methylacetamide Chemical group C[15NH]C(C)=O OHLUUHNLEMFGTQ-AZXPZELESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003506 n-propoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- IHPHPGLJYCDONF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propylacetamide Chemical group CCCNC(C)=O IHPHPGLJYCDONF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACYFWRHALJTSCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-tert-butylacetamide Chemical group CC(=O)NC(C)(C)C ACYFWRHALJTSCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXAYOCVHDCXPAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalen-1-yl(phenyl)methanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 CXAYOCVHDCXPAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001038 naphthoyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)C(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- QEKXARSPUFVXIX-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);triphenylphosphane;dibromide Chemical compound [Ni+2].[Br-].[Br-].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 QEKXARSPUFVXIX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-biphenylenemethane Natural products C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxadiazole Chemical compound C1=CON=N1 WCPAKWJPBJAGKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001148 pentyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 230000002165 photosensitisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003504 photosensitizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001197 polyacetylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004368 propenyl group Chemical group C(=CC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001501 propionyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical group CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002568 propynyl group Chemical group [*]C#CC([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- USPWKWBDZOARPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazolidine Chemical compound C1CNNC1 USPWKWBDZOARPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJDYCCHRZIFCGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridin-1-ium;iodide Chemical compound I.C1=CC=NC=C1 BJDYCCHRZIFCGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O pyridinium Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinazoline Chemical compound N1=CN=CC2=CC=CC=C21 JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXAHUXSHRWNTOD-UHFFFAOYSA-K rhodium(3+);triiodide Chemical compound [Rh+3].[I-].[I-].[I-] KXAHUXSHRWNTOD-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005920 sec-butoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BHRZNVHARXXAHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butylamine Chemical group CCC(C)N BHRZNVHARXXAHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005930 sec-butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(OC(*)=O)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- NRHMKIHPTBHXPF-TUJRSCDTSA-M sodium cholate Chemical compound [Na+].C([C@H]1C[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC([O-])=O)C)[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C1 NRHMKIHPTBHXPF-TUJRSCDTSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BLCMLUBEMSPJHU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloroform;hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O.ClC(Cl)Cl BLCMLUBEMSPJHU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000003637 steroidlike Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004213 tert-butoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(O*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylamine Chemical group CC(C)(C)N YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005207 tetraalkylammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UQFSVBXCNGCBBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylammonium iodide Chemical compound [I-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC UQFSVBXCNGCBBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VJYJJHQEVLEOFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N thieno[3,2-b]thiophene Chemical compound S1C=CC2=C1C=CS2 VJYJJHQEVLEOFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ARYHTUPFQTUBBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophen-2-ylboronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=CS1 ARYHTUPFQTUBBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- JMXKSZRRTHPKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium ethoxide Chemical compound [Ti+4].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-] JMXKSZRRTHPKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005580 triphenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylmethane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RUDATBOHQWOJDD-UZVSRGJWSA-N ursodeoxycholic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1C[C@@H]2O)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C)[C@@]2(C)CC1 RUDATBOHQWOJDD-UZVSRGJWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001661 ursodiol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZQJYTTPJYLKTTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M zinc;2h-pyridin-2-ide;bromide Chemical compound Br[Zn+].C1=CC=N[C-]=C1 ZQJYTTPJYLKTTI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D409/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/78—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D213/79—Acids; Esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D495/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D495/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D495/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
- C07F15/0006—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table compounds of the platinum group
- C07F15/0046—Ruthenium compounds
- C07F15/0053—Ruthenium compounds without a metal-carbon linkage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B57/00—Other synthetic dyes of known constitution
- C09B57/10—Metal complexes of organic compounds not being dyes in uncomplexed form
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/341—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes
- H10K85/344—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes comprising ruthenium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2027—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode
- H01G9/2031—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode comprising titanium oxide, e.g. TiO2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2059—Light-sensitive devices comprising an organic dye as the active light absorbing material, e.g. adsorbed on an electrode or dissolved in solution
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Description
(1)基板上に設けられた酸化物半導体微粒子の薄膜に、下記式(1)で表される金属錯体色素又はその塩を担持させてなる光電変換素子。
(2)式(1)におけるX1が硫黄原子である(1)に記載の光電変換素子。
(3)式(1)におけるn1が1である(2)に記載の光電変換素子。
(4)式(1)におけるY1及びY2がいずれもイソチオシアネート基(−NCS)である(3)に記載の光電変換素子。
(5)式(1)におけるR3及びR4が、それぞれ独立に、炭素数3〜5の直鎖アルキル基である(4)に記載の光電変換素子。
(6)式(1)におけるR3及びR4がいずれもn−ブチル基である(5)に記載の光電変換素子。
(7)式(1)におけるm1が2である(6)に記載の光電変換素子。
(8)式(1)におけるm1が1である(6)に記載の光電変換素子。
(9)基板上に設けられた酸化物半導体微粒子の薄膜に、(1)に記載の式(1)で表される金属錯体色素又はその塩の一種以上と、メチン系色素及び/又は前記式(1)以外の構造を有する金属錯体色素とを担持させた光電変換素子。
(10)前記薄膜が二酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛又は酸化スズを含有する(1)乃至(9)のいずれか一項に記載の光電変換素子。
(11)包摂化合物の存在下で金属錯体色素又はその塩を担持させてなる(1)乃至(10)のいずれか一項に記載の光電変換素子。
(12)(1)乃至(11)のいずれか一項に記載の光電変換素子を用いてなる太陽電池。
(13)(1)に記載の式(1)で表される金属錯体色素又はその塩。
(14)基板上に設けられた酸化物半導体微粒子の薄膜に、下記式(1)で表される金属錯体色素又はその塩を担持させてなる光電変換素子。
本発明の光電変換素子は、基板上に設けられた酸化物半導体微粒子の薄膜に下記式(1)で表される金属錯体色素(その塩を含む。以下同様)を担持させたものである。なお本明細書において、「化合物」とは、特に断りの無い場合には化合物又はその塩を表すものとする。
置換基としては、例えば、置換基を有していてもよい芳香族残基、置換基を有していてもよい脂肪族炭化水素残基、ヒドロキシル基、リン酸基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、ハロゲン原子、カルボキシル基、カルボンアミド基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アリールカルボニル基、アルコキシル基、アリールオキシ基、置換アミド基、アシル基及び置換もしくは非置換アミノ基等が挙げられる。
上記における「ハロゲン原子」としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素、ヨウ素原子等が挙げられ、フッ素原子又は塩素原子であることが好ましく、塩素原子であることが更に好ましい。
上記における、「アルコキシカルボニル基」とは、例えば炭素数1〜10のアルコキシカルボニル基等が挙げられる。その具体例としては、メトキシカルボニル基、エトキシカルボニル基、n−プロポキシカルボニル基、イソプロポキシカルボニル基、n−ブトキシカルボニル基、イソブトキシカルボニル基、sec−ブトキシカルボニル基、t−ブトキシカルボニル基、n−ペントキシカルボニル基、n−ヘキシルオキシカルボニル基、n−ヘプチルオキシカルボニル基、n−ノニルオキシカルボニル基、n−デシルオキシカルボニル基等が挙げられる。
尚、式(1)中、R1、R2、R3及びR4は、酸化物半導体微粒子に色素を担持する際に用いる溶媒に対する溶解度や、分子間での凝集に対する抑制効果等を考慮して、適宜選択される。
このようにして得られた酸化物半導体薄膜は酸化物半導体の微粒子から成っている。
前記式(1)の金属錯体色素を担持させる方法としては、該金属錯体色素を溶解しうる溶媒に金属錯体色素を溶解して得た溶液、又は溶解性の低い金属錯体色素にあっては金属錯体色素を分散せしめて得た分散液に上記酸化物半導体微粒子の薄膜の設けられた基板を浸漬する方法が挙げられる。浸漬温度はおおむね常温から溶媒の沸点迄であり、また浸漬時間は1分間から48時間程度である。金属錯体色素を溶解させるのに使用しうる溶媒の具体例として、メタノール、エタノール、アセトニトリル、ジメチルスルホキシド、ジメチルホルムアミド、アセトン、t−ブタノール等が挙げられる。これらの溶媒は2種以上を任意の割合で混合して用いてもよい。また、前記式(1)の金属錯体色素がこれらの溶媒に対して十分な溶解度を示さない場合は、テトラブチルアンモニウムヨーダイド等のアンモニウム塩を添加し、色素の溶解を促進させることもできる。溶液又は分散液中の金属錯体色素濃度は、金属錯体色素に応じて適宜決めればよいが、通常1×10−6M〜1M、好ましくは1×10−5M〜1×10−1Mである。このようにして、式(1)の金属錯体色素で増感された酸化物半導体微粒子の薄膜を有する本発明の光電変換素子が得られる。
吸光度は分光光度計UV−3150(島津製作所製)により、核磁気共鳴分析はジェミニ 300(バリアン社製)により、質量分析は高速液体クロマトグラフ質量分析計LCMS−2010EV(島津製作所製)によりそれぞれ測定した。
窒素雰囲気下、カリウム−tert−ブトキシド20.8部をジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)102部に溶解させた溶液に、2−ブロモフルオレン15.4部をジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)153部に溶解させた溶液を滴下した。30分間撹拌後、反応液温度を40〜45℃に保ちながらヨウ化ブチル27.8部を滴下した。40℃で40分間撹拌後、反応液を氷水に加えた。反応混合物をクロロホルム−水で抽出し、クロロホルム相を硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、クロロホルムを留去して褐色タール状固体を得た。この褐色タール状固体を少量のクロロホルムに溶解し、カラムクロマト(ヘキサン)で分離、精製し、2−ブロモ−9,9−ジブチルフルオレン12.6部を無色の結晶として得た。
2−チオフェンボロン酸2.7部と2−ブロモ−9,9−ジブチルフルオレン6部を1,2−ジメトキシエタン78部に溶解した後、テトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0)を0.59部と20%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液を47部加え、還流下5時間反応させた。反応混合物をトルエンで抽出し、トルエン相を硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、トルエンを留去して褐色タール状混合物を得た。得られた褐色タール状混合物をカラムクロマト(ヘキサン−酢酸エチル)で分離、精製し、下記化合物(1001)5.9部を無色結晶として得た。
上記化合物(1001)5.9部をクロロホルムと酢酸の1:1混合液635部に溶解した後、N−ブロモスクシンイミドを1.9部加え、還流下1時間反応させた。さらにN−ブロモスクシンイミド0.94部を追加した後、還流下1時間反応させた。反応混合物を5%炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液−クロロホルムで抽出し、クロロホルム相を硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、クロロホルムを留去した。得られた混合物をカラムクロマト(ヘキサン−酢酸エチル)で分離、精製し、下記化合物(1002)6.8部を無色結晶として得た。
上記化合物(1002)5.0部と2−クロロ−4−ピリジンボロン酸2.2部を1,2−ジメトキシエタン40部に溶解した後、テトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0)を0.38部と20%炭酸ナトリウム水溶液を25部加え、還流下5時間反応させた。反応混合物をクロロホルムで抽出し、クロロホルム相を硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、クロロホルムを留去した。得られた混合物をカラムクロマト(クロロホルム)で分離、精製し、下記化合物(1003)5.0部を淡黄色固体として得た。
窒素雰囲気下、ジブロモビス(トリフェニルホスフィン)ニッケル(II)1.6部、亜鉛粉末1.2部、塩化リチウム0.78部、テトラエチルアンモニウムヨージド2.7部をテトラヒドロフラン39部に加え撹拌した。上記化合物(1003)5.0部をテトラヒドロフラン20部に溶解させた溶液を滴下し、還流下20時間反応させた。反応液を室温まで冷却した後、30%アンモニア水44部、水32部、ジクロロメタン178部を加え、15分撹拌した。反応混合物をジクロロメタンで抽出し、ジクロロメタン相を硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、ジクロロメタンを留去した。得られた混合物をカラムクロマト(クロロホルム)で分離、精製し、下記化合物(1004)3.3部を淡黄色固体として得た。
窒素雰囲気下、上記化合物(1004)1部とルテニウム−p−シメンダイマー0.35部をクロロホルム75部中、4時間加熱還流した。反応終了後、クロロホルムを留去し、60℃で14時間乾燥し、下記化合物(1005)1.35部を褐色結晶として得た。
核磁気共鳴の測定値;
1H−NMR(PPM:d6−DMSO):0.515−0.562(m,6H),0.614−0.663(t,12H),
1.012−1.098(m,16H),2.086(m,8H),2.233(s,3H),2.634−2.728(m,1H),
6.020−6.040(d,2H),6.259−6.279(d,2H),7.364−7.392(m,4H),
7.479−7.508(m,2H),7.821−7.953(m,10H),7.988−8.008(d,2H),
8.371−8.384(d,2H),9.045(s,2H),9.454−9.475(d,2H)
遮光及び窒素雰囲気下、上記化合物(1005)0.521部と2,2’−ビピリジン−4,4’−ジカルボン酸0.099部を脱水ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)20部中、140℃で4時間攪拌した。チオシアン酸アンモニウム0.65部を添加し、更に4時間攪拌した。反応終了後、室温まで放冷、36時間放置した。その後、反応液をろ過し、ろ液を水100部に注加し、析出した結晶をろ取した。得られた結晶を水2部で2回洗浄後、70℃で14時間乾燥し、前記表1の化合物番号(6)の化合物(金属錯体色素)0.522部を黒褐色結晶として得た。
吸光度の測定
最大吸収波長(λmax)=388nm、分子吸光係数(ε)=56625(溶媒:N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド)
尚、この化合物は、553nmに極大吸収波長を有した。
核磁気共鳴の測定値;
1H−NMR(PPM:d6−DMSO):0.534−0.670(m,16H),0.989−1.083(m,12H),2.081(m,8H),
7.089−7.102(d,2H),7.361−7.461(m,8H),7.656−7.744(dd,2H),
7.843−7.950(m,8H),8.155−8.384(m,4H),8.967−9.018(d,2H),
9.123−9.171(d,2H),9.216−9.235(d,1H),9.459−9.478(d,1H)
質量分析測定値;
Mass(M−1)=1334
酸化チタン分散液PASOL HPW−18NR(触媒化成工業株式会社製)をペースト化し、透明導電性ガラス電極上に塗布して酸化チタン膜を形成した。該酸化チタン膜を450℃で30分間焼結して得られた半導体の薄膜に、0.04M四塩化チタン水溶液を約1cc滴下して60℃で30分間静置し、水洗を施した後に再度450℃で30分間焼成することにより、四塩化チタン処理半導体薄膜(膜厚7μm、表面粗さ形状測定機 サーフコム570A 東京精密社製で測定)を有する多孔質基板を得た。
実施例1で得られた化合物番号(6)の金属錯体色素を3.0×10−4Mになるようにtert−ブタノール:アセトニトリル(1:1)の混合溶媒に溶解し、更にケノデオキシコール酸を40mMになるように添加した。この溶液に、前述の方法で得られた多孔質基板を室温(20℃)で12時間浸漬して色素を担持させ、前記混合溶媒で洗浄した後に乾燥させることで、色素増感された半導体微粒子の薄膜からなる本発明の光電変換素子を得た。同様にして、下記式(2001)で表される化合物(特許第3731752号の例2に記載)を用いて比較用の光電変換素子を得た。
このようにして得られた本発明及び比較用の光電変換素子の半導体微粒子の薄膜と、白金でスパッタされた導電性ガラスのスパッタ面とを対峙させて20マイクロメーターの空隙を設けて固定し、その空隙に電解質を含む溶液(電解液)を注入して空隙を満たすことにより、本発明及び比較用の太陽電池をそれぞれ得た。電解液としては、(1,2−ジメチル−3−プロピルイミダゾリウムヨーダイド 0.6M)+(LiI 0.1M)+(I2 0.1M)+(tert−ブチルピリジン 0.5M)の3−メトキシプロピオニトリル溶液を使用した。
また、本発明の金属錯体色素は精製過程や二酸化チタン電極上に吸着させる際の有機溶媒への溶解性も高いことから、これら作業性に優れた性質も備えている。
窒素雰囲気下、上記化合物(1003)4.7部とビス(トリ−tert−ブチルホスフィン)パラジウム(0)0.1部をテトラヒドロフラン27部に加えて撹拌した。2−ピリジルジンクブロミドのテトラヒドロフラン溶液(0.5mol/L)30部を滴下し、還流下1時間反応させた。さらに、ビス(トリ−tert−ブチルホスフィン)パラジウム(0)0.1部を加えて2時間還流させることを2回繰り返した。反応液を室温まで冷却した後、反応混合物をクロロホルムで抽出し、クロロホルム相を硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、クロロホルムを留去した。得られた混合物をクロロホルム/ヘキサン混合液で再結晶させ、下記化合物(1006)4.5部を淡黄色固体として得た。
核磁気共鳴の測定値;
1H−NMR(PPM:CD2Cl2):0.65(m.10H),1.15(m.4H),2.10(t.4H),7.41(m.4H),7.53(d.1H),7.62(dd.1H),7.78(m.5H),7.91(m.1H),8.53(d.1H),8.71(d.1H),8.76(m.2H)
窒素雰囲気下、上記化合物(1006)2.00部とルテニウム−p−シメンダイマー1.19部をクロロホルム200ml中、4時間加熱還流した。反応終了後、クロロホルムを留去し、60℃で14時間乾燥し、下記化合物(1007)3.18部を褐色結晶として得た。
核磁気共鳴の測定値;
1H−NMR(PPM:d−DMSO):0.58(m.10H),1.03(m.10H),2.06(m.4H),2.21(s.3H),2.61(m.1H),6.01(d.2H),6.26(t.2H),7.37(m.2H),7.48(m.1H),7.88(m.7H),8.35(m.2H),8.93(m.2H),9.51(dd.2H)
遮光及び窒素雰囲気下、上記化合物(1007)3.00部と2,2’−ビピリジン−4,4’−ジカルボン酸0.82部を脱水ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)166ml中、140℃で4時間攪拌した。チオシアン酸アンモニウム5.38部を添加し、更に4時間攪拌した。反応終了後、室温まで放冷、36時間放置した。その後、反応液をろ過し、ろ液を水830部に注加し、析出した結晶をろ取した。得られた結晶を水2部で2回洗浄後、70℃で14時間乾燥し、化合物番号(46)の化合物(金属錯体色素)2.78部を黒褐色結晶として得た。
吸光度の測定
最大吸収波長(λmax)=387nm、分子吸光係数(ε)=40563(溶媒:ジメチルスルホキシド:エタノール=1:9混合溶液)
尚、この化合物は530nmにも極大吸収波長を有し、530nmにおける分子吸光係数(ε)は17750であった。
酸化チタン分散液PASOL HPW−18NR(触媒化成工業株式会社製)をペースト化し、透明導電性ガラス電極上に塗布して酸化チタン膜を形成した。該酸化チタン膜を450℃で30分間焼結して得られた半導体の薄膜に、0.04M四塩化チタン水溶液を約1cc滴下して60℃で30分間静置し、水洗を施した後に再度450℃で30分間焼成することにより、四塩化チタン処理半導体薄膜(膜厚7μm、表面粗さ形状測定機 サーフコム570A 東京精密社製で測定)を有する多孔質基板を得た。
実施例1で得られた化合物番号(6)及び実施例3で得られた化合物番号(46)の金属錯体色素を3.0×10−4Mになるようにtert−ブタノール:アセトニトリル(1:1)の混合溶媒に溶解し、化合物番号(6)に対してケノデオキシコール酸を10mMになるように、また化合物番号(46)に対しては、ウルソデオキシコール酸を10mMになるようにそれぞれ添加した。この溶液に、前述の方法で得られた多孔質基板を室温(20℃)で12時間浸漬して各色素をそれぞれ担持させ、前記混合溶媒で洗浄した後に乾燥させることで、色素増感された半導体微粒子の薄膜からなる本発明の光電変換素子を得た。
このようにして得られた本発明の光電変換素子の半導体微粒子の薄膜と、白金でスパッタされた導電性ガラスのスパッタ面とを対峙させて20マイクロメーターの空隙を設けて固定し、その空隙に電解質を含む溶液(電解液)を注入して空隙を満たすことにより、本発明の太陽電池をそれぞれ得た。電解液としては、(1,2−ジメチル−3−プロピルイミダゾリウムヨーダイド 0.6M)+(LiI 0.1M)+(I2 0.1M)+(tert−ブチルピリジン 0.5M)の3−メトキシプロピオニトリル溶液を使用した。
また、本発明の金属錯体色素は精製過程や二酸化チタン電極上に吸着させる際の有機溶媒への溶解性も高いことから、これら作業性に優れた性質も備えている。
Claims (14)
- 式(1)におけるX1が硫黄原子である請求項1に記載の光電変換素子。
- 式(1)におけるn1が1である請求項2に記載の光電変換素子。
- 式(1)におけるY1及びY2がいずれもイソチオシアネート基(−NCS)である請求項3に記載の光電変換素子。
- 式(1)におけるR3及びR4が、それぞれ独立に、炭素数3〜5の直鎖アルキル基である請求項4に記載の光電変換素子。
- 式(1)におけるR3及びR4がいずれもn−ブチル基である請求項5に記載の光電変換素子。
- 式(1)におけるm1が2である請求項6に記載の光電変換素子。
- 式(1)におけるm1が1である請求項6に記載の光電変換素子。
- 基板上に設けられた酸化物半導体微粒子の薄膜に、請求項1に記載の式(1)で表される金属錯体色素又はその塩の一種以上と、メチン系色素及び/又は前記式(1)以外の構造を有する金属錯体色素とを担持させた光電変換素子。
- 前記薄膜が二酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛又は酸化スズを含有する請求項1乃至9のいずれか一項に記載の光電変換素子。
- 包摂化合物の存在下で金属錯体色素又はその塩を担持させてなる請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項に記載の光電変換素子。
- 請求項1乃至11のいずれか一項に記載の光電変換素子を用いてなる太陽電池。
- 請求項1に記載の式(1)で表される金属錯体色素又はその塩。
- 基板上に設けられた酸化物半導体微粒子の薄膜に、下記式(1)で表される金属錯体色素又はその塩を担持させてなる光電変換素子。
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CN104823254A (zh) | 2012-11-30 | 2015-08-05 | 日本化药株式会社 | 染料敏化太阳能电池 |
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