JP5269826B2 - プラズマ処理による酸化物又は他の還元可能な汚染物質の基板からの除去 - Google Patents
プラズマ処理による酸化物又は他の還元可能な汚染物質の基板からの除去 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims description 50
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 32
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 21
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 12
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- LBJNMUFDOHXDFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cu].[Cu] LBJNMUFDOHXDFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010849 ion bombardment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002230 thermal chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
3Cu2O+2NH3→6Cu+3H2O+N2
プラズマは、アンモニアを解離し望ましいイオン衝撃を提供するのに必要なエネルギーを提供する。イオン化粒子は、洗浄を更に強化するために還元プロセス中に酸化された表面に衝突する。化学反応とイオンの物理的衝撃との組み合わせは、小さいフィーチャの全ての表面が洗浄される可能性又は酸化物が還元される可能性を高める。
図3は、CMPプロセスの後でプラズマ還元プロセスを伴わずに銅の表面に堆積された500Åの窒化物層で検出された酸素を示す。x軸は結合エネルギーをエレクトロンボルト(ev)で表し、y軸は信号毎のカウント(c/s)を表し、z軸は窒化膜層での相対的な深さプロファイルを表す。結合エネルギーを示すx軸は要素に特定したもので、基板は、酸素の存在が検出されるように酸素の結合エネルギー準位でテストされた。y軸は酸素に特定した結合エネルギーで検出された酸素の準位を表す。z軸は相対的な為、z軸に沿った2つの最大のピークの間の距離は、おおよそ窒化物層の厚さの500Åである。500Åの窒化物層を越えると、銅が導体である為に信号カウントはおおよそゼロまで減少する。図3は、ほぼ11000c/sのz軸の原点に最も接近した第1の高いピークを示す。この第1の最も高いピークは窒化物層の表面を表し、本目的の為には無視してもよい。ほぼ500Åの深さでの最後の大きいピークは、窒化物/銅の境界面でのほぼ6000c/sの酸素の準位を表す。この境界面には、本発明の教示に従った還元をされなかった多量の酸化銅がある。
図4は図3に対応するグラフであり、本発明のアンモニアプラズマ還元プロセスにより処理された典型的な銅表面基板の結果を示す。図4は図3と比較でき、軸は同様の目盛りと値を表す。図3の基板表面と同様に、500Åの窒化物層が、本発明のアンモニアプラズマ還元プロセス適用後の銅の上に堆積されている。図4は、最初の表面ピークを越えると全体的により低い酸素の準位を示し、最初の表面ピークは本目的の為にはまた無視してもよい。注目に値するのは、深さ約500Åでの第2のピークで表される窒化物/銅の境界面での酸素の準位が、酸化物が銅の表面から除去又は還元された為にほぼ3000c/sの準位へと低下したことである。
11 ガス分配マニホルド
12 サセプタ
15 チャンバ
16 ウェーハ
17 絶縁体リング
25 RF電源
30 第1の誘電体層
32 基板
34 エッチング止め
38 第2の誘電体層
40 コンタクト/バイア開口
44 障壁層
46 相互接続
47 金属層
50 隣接層
Claims (16)
- 導電材料の酸化を減少させる方法であって、
窒素と水素を含む還元剤をチャンバへと導入するステップと、
上記還元剤のプラズマを上記チャンバ内で引き起こすステップと、
基板上に配置された導電材料からの酸化物を上記還元剤に晒すステップと、
上記基板から、上記導電材料からの酸化物を除去するステップであって、上記還元剤中にプラズマを複数サイクルの処理サイクルで発生させ、各サイクル間にプラズマを取り除くステップと、
次層を基板上にin situ堆積するステップと、
を含み、上記次層はエッチング止め層、障壁層、不活性化層、もしくは、金属層以外の他の層、である方法。 - 上記還元剤がアンモニアを含む、請求項1の方法。
- 上記次層は炭化ケイ素、窒化ケイ素、酸化ケイ素、もしくはそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるケイ素ベースの誘電体層を含む、請求項1の方法。
- 200W〜400WのRF電力を上記チャンバに供給することにより上記プラズマが引き起こされる、請求項1の方法。
- 上記酸化物を上記還元剤に晒すステップの間、基板温度が100℃〜450℃に保たれ、上記チャンバ内の圧力が1mTorr〜9mTorrに保たれる、請求項1の方法。
- キャリアガスを上記チャンバへと導入するステップを更に含む、請求項1の方法。
- 上記チャンバ内の圧力が1mTorr〜9mTorrであり、RF発電機が平方センチメートルあたり1.4W〜14.3Wの電力密度を供給し、基板温度が100℃〜450℃に保たれ、アンモニアが100sccm〜1000sccmの流量で上記チャンバへと導入される、請求項2の方法。
- キャリアガスを上記チャンバへと導入するステップを更に含む、請求項7の方法。
- 上記導電材料の層を晒すステップ及び上記次層を上記基板上にin situ堆積するステップが、同一チャンバ内で実行される、請求項1の方法。
- 金属表面の汚染物質を除去する方法であって、
還元剤を用いてチャンバ内でプラズマを引き起こすステップと、
還元可能な汚染物質を有する上記金属表面の少なくとも一部を上記還元剤に晒すステップと、
上記基板から、上記還元可能な汚染物質を除去するステップであって、上記還元剤中にプラズマを複数サイクルの処理サイクルで発生させ、各サイクル間にプラズマを取り除くステップと、
次層を基板上にin situ堆積するステップと、
を含み、上記次層はエッチング止め層、障壁層、不活性化層、もしくは、金属層以外の他の層、である方法。 - 上記金属表面は銅材料を含み、
上記次層は炭化ケイ素、窒化ケイ素、酸化ケイ素、もしくはそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択されるケイ素ベースの誘電体層を含む、請求項10の方法。 - 上記還元剤がアンモニアを含む、請求項10の方法。
- 200W〜400WのRF電力を上記チャンバに供給することにより上記プラズマが引き起こされる、請求項10の方法。
- キャリアガスを上記チャンバへと導入するステップを更に含む、請求項10の方法。
- 上記チャンバ内の圧力が1mTorr〜9mTorrであり、RF発電機が平方センチメートルあたり1.4W〜14.3Wの電力密度を供給し、基板温度が100℃〜450℃に保たれ、アンモニアが100sccm〜1000sccmの流量で上記チャンバへと導入される、請求項12の方法。
- 上記導電材料の層を晒すステップと上記次層を上記基板上にin situ堆積するステップが、同一チャンバ内で実行される、請求項10の方法。
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US09/193,920 US20010049181A1 (en) | 1998-11-17 | 1998-11-17 | Plasma treatment for cooper oxide reduction |
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JP2010057725A Expired - Lifetime JP5269826B2 (ja) | 1998-11-17 | 2010-03-15 | プラズマ処理による酸化物又は他の還元可能な汚染物質の基板からの除去 |
JP2012262850A Pending JP2013058799A (ja) | 1998-11-17 | 2012-11-30 | プラズマ処理による酸化物又は他の還元可能な汚染物質の基板からの除去 |
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- 1999-11-15 KR KR1020017006255A patent/KR100661194B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1999-11-15 EP EP99960326A patent/EP1135545B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-17 TW TW088120067A patent/TW589405B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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US20030022509A1 (en) | 2003-01-30 |
DE69937807D1 (de) | 2008-01-31 |
JP2013058799A (ja) | 2013-03-28 |
JP2002530845A (ja) | 2002-09-17 |
JP2010212694A (ja) | 2010-09-24 |
WO2000029642A1 (en) | 2000-05-25 |
US6734102B2 (en) | 2004-05-11 |
DE69937807T2 (de) | 2008-12-04 |
TW589405B (en) | 2004-06-01 |
US20010049181A1 (en) | 2001-12-06 |
JP4901004B2 (ja) | 2012-03-21 |
KR20010080483A (ko) | 2001-08-22 |
EP1135545B1 (en) | 2007-12-19 |
EP1135545A1 (en) | 2001-09-26 |
KR100661194B1 (ko) | 2006-12-22 |
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