JP5209222B2 - 塗料組成物、塗膜及び塗装方法 - Google Patents
塗料組成物、塗膜及び塗装方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5209222B2 JP5209222B2 JP2007066618A JP2007066618A JP5209222B2 JP 5209222 B2 JP5209222 B2 JP 5209222B2 JP 2007066618 A JP2007066618 A JP 2007066618A JP 2007066618 A JP2007066618 A JP 2007066618A JP 5209222 B2 JP5209222 B2 JP 5209222B2
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- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Description
上記樹脂組成物を用いた塗料を水平以外の面に塗布したとき、特に鉛直な面に塗布したときには、塗布後から硬化するまでに塗料が重力によって垂れ落ちる、いわゆる「だれ」という現象が生じることがある。このような「だれ」が生じると、塗装しようとする表面に付着している塗料の量にむらが発生し、硬化したときの塗膜は、所定の厚さより厚い部分と所定の厚さより薄い部分とが生じてしまう。このような厚さのむらが生じると充分な防錆効果が得られない。
(式中、R1は、炭素数2〜5のアルキレン基、R2は、同一又は異なっても良い炭素数1〜5のアルキル基又は炭素数1〜5のアルコキシ基を示す。ただし、R2の少なくとも一つは、アルコキシ基である)
なお、従来からカップリング剤として良く使用されているアミノ基を有しないアルコキシシラン類を用いた場合については、密着性や常温硬化性に劣るものとなる。
本願発明に係る塗料組成物は、炭素数1〜5のアルコキシ基及びアミノ基を有するシランカップリング剤と、酸価が3〜100KOHmg/gのポリエステルを塩基で中和した樹脂と、水と、無機の中空粒子とを含有する。
(式中、R1 は炭素数2〜5(好ましくは炭素数3)のアルキレン基、R2 は同一又は異なっても良い炭素数1〜5(好ましくは炭素数1〜2、特には1)のアルキル基又は炭素数1〜5(好ましくは炭素数1〜2、特には1)のアルコキシ基を示す。ただし、R2 の少なくとも一つは、アルコキシ基(好ましくはジもしくはトリアルコキシ基)である。)で表される構造単位を有することが好ましい。
なお、前記樹脂はウレタン結合、エポキシ結合、アミド結合等で変性されていてもよいが、変性されていないものが好ましい。
さらにアニリン誘導体、亜硫酸ナトリウム等の硬化促進剤を添加しても良い。
そして、本発明の塗料組成物中のポリエステルの含有量は、20〜50重量%とする。シランカップリング剤の含有量は、0.1〜30重量%が好ましく、1〜20重量%がより好ましい。水の含有量は、39.9〜89.9重量%が好ましく、50〜79.9重量%がより好ましい。
本発明の塗料組成物において、前記ポリエステル/水の重量比率は、水分散性の観点から、10/90〜70/30が好ましく、更には15/75〜65/35が好ましい。
防錆用途等、厚膜を作成する際、高粘度化或いはチキソ性を確保するのみでは、垂直面で塗料が垂れ落ちるいわゆる「だれ」を生じてしまうことがあり、上記無機中空粒子を含むことによって塗料自体の比重を低くするものである。また、無機系は膜強度、耐熱性を向上させることができる。
添加量は全系の0.1〜10.0重量%が好ましい。少ないと所定の粘度に調製できず、多過ぎると塗膜の耐水性が悪化し、好ましくない。
ポリエステルの調製
ビスフェノールAプロピレンオキサイド付加物(平均付加モル数:2.2モル)3500g、及びテレフタル酸332g、酸化ジブチル錫8gを窒素気流下にて230℃で6時間反応させた後、160℃に降温し、フマル酸928g、ハイドロキノン0.2gを加え、窒素気流下にて160℃で4時間反応させた。その後、200℃まで昇温後、常圧にて1時間、9.33kPaの減圧下で1時間反応させた。得られたポリエステルは酸価(AV)が20.0mgKOH/g、水酸基価(OHV)は21.3mgKOH/g、軟化点(Tm)が109.1℃、ガラス転移点(Tg)が64.3℃、数平均分子量4200の固体であった。また、このポリエステルは水に溶解せず、疎水性を示した。軟化点は、高化式フローテスター(島津製作所製)を用い、荷重20kgf(196N)、オリフィス径10mm、オリフィス長さ1mm、3℃/分の昇温条件で測定し、半量流れ出た温度を軟化点とした。酸価、及び水酸基価は、JIS K0070の方法により測定した。また、ガラス転移点は、示差走査熱量計、DSC200(商品名、セイコー電子社製)により、10℃/分の昇温条件にて測定し、接線法で求めた。分子量はGPCにより、40℃で、溶離液としてクロロホルムを毎分1mlの流速で流し、試料濃度0.5重量%のクロロホルム溶液を100μl注入して測定した。標準試料:単分散ポリエチレン。分析カラム:GMHLX+G3000HXL(東ソー(株)製)。
ビスフェノールAプロピレンオキサイド付加物(平均付加モル数:2.2モル)2450g、ビスフェノールAエチレンオキサイド付加物(平均付加モル数:2.1モル)950g、テレフタル酸664g、ドデセニル無水コハク酸603g、及び酸化ジブチル錫11gを窒素気流下にて230℃で5時間反応させた。その後、200℃まで降温し、無水トリメリット酸480gを加え、常圧にて1時間、9.33kPaの減圧下で1時間反応させた。得られたポリエステルは酸価が23.2mgKOH/g、水酸基価は23.5mgKOH/g、軟化点が120.3℃、ガラス転移点(Tg)が63.0℃、数平均分子量4100の固体であった。また、このポリエステルは水に溶解せず、疎水性を示した。
樹脂製造例1で得られたポリエステル300g及びフタル酸ジアリル45gをメチルエチルケトン540gに溶解させた。次いで、N,N−ジメチルエタノールアミン10gを添加して中和し、攪拌下でイオン交換水680gを加えた後、減圧下40℃でメチルエチルケトンを留去し水分調整を行い、pH8.2の自己分散型水系ポリエステル樹脂(平均粒径:0.24μm、固形分:35重量%)を得た〔水分散体(A−1)〕。
樹脂製造例2で得られたポリエステルを用いる以外は水分散体(A−1)と同様にして、自己分散型水系ポリエステル樹脂(平均粒径:0.15μm、固形分35重量%)〔水分散体(A−2)〕を得た。
次に、上記水分散体(A−1)又は(A−2)と中空粒子を主成分として、表1に記載の配合で組成物を調製し、塗布直前にシランカップリング剤を添加混合し、表面の防錆油をヘキサンで拭き取った高張力鋼板(10cmx20cmx0.5cm)上に、ゴムベラを用いて25℃にて塗布した。塗布は両面2回塗りとし、各層は1m2 当たり0.4Kg程度の使用量で2枚準備した。
上記のように形成された塗装板を縦置きとして、だれの有無、5分置きに硬化時間(指触)を確認し、24時間放置乾燥後、1枚は40℃のオーブンに放置した3%食塩水に漬け、1枚は60℃に保温したオーブン中に放置し、耐温水性は3日置きに、耐熱性は30分後、60分後、1日置きに、それらの変化を観察した。結果を表1に示す。
Claims (7)
- 炭素数1〜5のアルコキシ基及びアミノ基を有するシランカップリング剤と、酸価が3〜100KOHmg/gのポリエステルを塩基で中和した樹脂と、水と、無機材料からなる中空粒子と、を含有し、
比重が0.85〜0.95であり、
樹脂/水の重量比率が10/90〜70/30であり、
前記ポリエステルの含有量が20〜50重量%であり、
前記中空粒子の含有量が3.0〜15.0重量%であることを特徴とする塗料組成物。 - 前記中空粒子を構成する無機材料は、水酸基を含有するものであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の塗料組成物。
- 樹脂/シランカップリング剤の重量比率が70/30〜99.9/0.1であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3までのいずれかに記載の塗料組成物。
- 樹脂が水に平均粒径0.01〜10μmで分散しているものを用いることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項4までのいずれかに記載の塗料組成物。
- 請求項1から請求項5までのいずれかに記載の塗料組成物を硬化させてなる塗膜。
- 請求項1から請求項5までのいずれかに記載の塗料組成物を、船舶、建築物又は橋梁の塗装に用いることを特徴とする塗装方法。
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