JP5059832B2 - 三次元物体をプロトタイピングするための方法及び装置 - Google Patents
三次元物体をプロトタイピングするための方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5059832B2 JP5059832B2 JP2009256211A JP2009256211A JP5059832B2 JP 5059832 B2 JP5059832 B2 JP 5059832B2 JP 2009256211 A JP2009256211 A JP 2009256211A JP 2009256211 A JP2009256211 A JP 2009256211A JP 5059832 B2 JP5059832 B2 JP 5059832B2
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Description
システムはプリンタの操作期間中オーバーフローキャビテイから空気を吸い込む。ユーザは吸引を入口に転向するように選んで、移動可能な小型真空クリーナとして作用させることができる。
ボックスは形成される。曲がった内側コーナは複数のロッドのまわりにベルトを巻き付けてコーナを規定することにより形成される。次いでベルトをある容積の硬化したウレタンにより所定の位置に固定させそしてロッドを除去して滑らかな内表面を有するピストンボックスを形成する。
た表示をハイレベル・ソフトウエア・プログラム18に伝える。次いでユーザはハイレベル・プログラム18からプログラム18を指令してプリントする。プログラム18はデジタル表示17を、各々所定の厚さの複数の別々の二次元の層に区分する。
本発明の好ましい態様に従えば、空気を機械全体にわたって循環させて湿度が制御された雰囲気を維持しそして様々の問題を解決することができる。本発明が取り組んだ主要な問題の1つは信頼性の問題を引き起こすことがありうる空気中浮遊粉末の問題である。空気中浮遊粉末はバインダジェットに入り、それによりジェットを詰まらせそしてプリンティングを妨げることがある。粉末はプリンタエレクトロニクス及び他の鋭敏なハードウエアに損傷を引き起こすことがある。最後に、ゆるく固まった粉末はプリンタを覆っている頂部の囲いが開いている場合に環境中に放出されることがあり、これはユーザを悩ます。
湿されたろ過された空気は流出導管37によってクリーン区域50に通じている口に与えられる。
図5A〜5Dは形成粉末を取り扱うための好ましいプロセスを例示する略図である。頂部デッキ22において凹んだフィード貯蔵部24、形成室26及びオーバーフローキャビテイ28が例示される。形成粉末60の供給物は移動可能なフィードピストン25によりフィード貯蔵部24において支持されておりそして形成テーブル27は形成室26内に示される。当業界で知られているように、フィードピストン25は操作期間中z軸において増分的に上向きに移動し、一方形成テーブル27はz軸において増分的に下向きに移動する。オーバーフローキャビテイ28の下方への一定の空気流は真空ポンプ34(図2)により形成される。
27の頂部にスプレッディングさせる。このような距離にわたって粉末62を移動させることにより、この方法は潜在的に最も多くの空気中浮遊粉末を生じさせる方法である。
形成速度を最大にすることはユーザには極めて重要である。形成時間は2つの主要な構成部分、即ち、粉末のスプレッディンク及びバインダ液の付着を有する。粉末をスプレッディンクする速度は、滑らかな頂部層を維持し且つ空気中浮遊粉末を最小にする必要を包
含するいくつかのファクターにより制限される。故に、形成速度を増加させる好ましい方法はバインダ付着の速度を増加させることである。バインダを付着させる速度を増加させる好ましい方法は多数のバインダカートリッジを使用することである。
されたように、バインダカートリッジ45′′′a、...、45′′′mはx軸に対して例えば45°の角度で並べて配列される。このようなものとして、バインダジェット47′′′a、...、47′′′mはy軸に沿って連続線において配列されて、連続プリント区域78をプリントする。この方法の利点は、ヘッド形状に依存して、プリンティングが1つのストロークでなされうるか又は最小数のストロークでなされうるということである。
本発明に従えば、カラーインクジェットプリントヘッドはバインダカートリッジに組み込まれ、それにより広い範囲のカラー又はインクをプリントする能力を与える。好ましいシステムはこれらのヘッドを使用して液体バインダを付着させるので、これらのヘッドは多孔性材料を結合させる物質としてのカラーバインダを付着させるのに使用することができる。好ましくは、粉末材料は白色又は無色であり、そしてインクを吸収して粉末を着色することができる。結果として、本発明の好ましい態様は、カラーが部品全体にわたって変わる着色している三次元部品を形成することができる。
取り扱われるとき薄片にならず、そして良好な最終外観のために仕上げられる(例えばサンディングされ、又は塗装され又は孔あけされる)べき潜在力を有する強い部品を得ることが望ましい。しかしながら、形成室26から出て来たものは弱いことがありうる多孔性部分を有することがある。更に、部品表面は粗くそしてフレーク状でありうる。好ましくは後処理方法7(図1)が三次元物体プロトタイプ9を仕上げるのに使用される。
から水分を除去し、それにより部品を硬化させ、これは処理後のたるみの量を減少させることができる。第2に、それは部品から水分を除去し、これは物質をその後浸透させることができる追加の容積を増加させる。これは部品の最終浸透密度を増加させ、それにより部品の強度を改良する結果となる。第3に、全体の部品の予熱は、部品を浸漬するとき部品の外殻に浸透物質が融着するのを防止する。部品を加熱すると、物質は部品中にはるかに深く浸透することができ、これは最終部品強度を改良する。
フィード貯蔵部24及び形成室26は両方共通常粉末状形成材料を含む。この粉末がこれらのピストンボックス24、26の底部を通して落ちるのを防止することが望ましい。何故ならば、これは下のピストン機構に関する問題を引き起こすことがあり、そしてボッ
クスの下に粉末の蓄積を生じさせることもあるからである。更に、上記したように、空気中浮遊粉末は種々の他の問題を引き起こすことがある。
該物体を形成するための形成材料の供給物が貯蔵されているフィード貯蔵部と、
該フィード貯蔵部から該形成材料の増分層を受け取るための形成テーブルと、
該フィード貯蔵部から移送されたが該形成テーブルにより受け取られなかった余分の量の形成材料を受け取るためのオーバーフローキャビテイを具備する装置。
形成材料の各増分層の制御された位置にバインダ溶液の制御された量を付着させるように各バインダジェットを制御するための制御ユニットを更に具備する上記1の装置。
該ガントリーは、
該形成テーブル上の形成材料上の選ばれた位置にバインダを付着させるための、バインダの供給物にカップリングされた複数のバインダジェットと、
該バインダジェットから形成材料を除去するための清浄化組立体を具備する上記1の装置。
形成材料から該物体を製造するための製造組立体を収容する作業区域を具備し、該作業区域はその中に空気中浮遊形成材料を有しており、
更に、該製造組立体にカップリングされておりそして該空気中浮遊形成材料により損傷されうる装置を収容するクリーン区域と、
該クリーン区域から作業区域を分離する部分シールを具備し、該部分シールを通して機械的カップリングがあることを特徴とする装置。
粉末材料の層を形成するための層化装置と、
該粉末材料と反応して固体構造を形成するバインダ液の供給物と、
複数の識別されたカラーをつくるための組み合わせ可能な染料の供給物と、
粉末材料の層上の選ばれた位置に該バインダ液及び染料を付着させるためのプリンティング装置を具備し、該バインダ液は該粉末材料の領域を固めて該物体の断面を形成することを特徴とする装置。
フィード貯蔵部を設け、
該フィード貯蔵部において該物体を形成するための形成材料の供給物を貯蔵し、
形成テーブル上で、該フィード貯蔵部から該形成材料の増分層を受け取り、そして
オーバーフローキャビテイで、該フィード貯蔵部から移送されたが該形成テーブルにより受け取られなかった余分の量の形成材料を受け取る工程を含むことを特徴とする方法。
該真空ポンプを移動可能な入口にカップリングさせる工程を更に含む上記25の方法。
各バインダジェットをバインダ溶液の供給物にカップリングさせ、そして、
各バインダジェットを制御して、形成材料の各増分層上の制御された位置で該バインダ溶液の制御された量を付着させる工程を更に含む上記24の方法。
形成材料の層上の制御された位置にカラー添加剤の制御された量を付着させる工程を更に含む上記32の方法。
該ガントリーは、
該形成テーブル上の形成材料上の選ばれた位置にバインダを付着させるためのバインダの供給物にカップリングされた複数のバインダジェットと、
該バインダジェットから形成材料を除去するための清浄化組立体を具備する上記24の方法。
形成材料から該物体を製造するための製造組立体を収容する作業区域を設け、該作業区域は空気中浮遊形成材料をその中に有しており、該製造組立体にカップリングされておりそして該空気中浮遊形成材料により損傷されうる装置を収容するクリーン区域を設け、
該クリーン区域から作業区域を分離する部分シールを設ける工程を含み、該部分シールを通して機械的カップリングがあることを特徴とする方法。
粉末材料の層を形成し、
該粉末材料と反応して固体構造を形成するバインダ液の供給物を設け、
複数の識別されたカラーをつくるための組み合わせ可能な染料の供給物を設け、そして
粉末材料の層上の選ばれた位置に該バインダ液及び該染料を付着させる工程を含み、該バインダ液は該粉末材料の領域を固めて該物体の断面を形成することを特徴とする方法。
或る高さの単一材料からボックス構造物を形成し、該形成されたボックス構造物は複数の側面と開いた頂部及び底部を有し、各側面は各隣接した側面を曲がった内部コーナで接合しており、
ピストン構造物を該ボックス構造物の内部に挿入し、該ピストン構造物は該ボックス構造物の内表面に従うような形状であり、そして
該ピストン構造物の外側縁と該ボックス構造物の内表面との間にシールを設ける工程を含むことを特徴とする方法。
形成材料の第1の層にバインダを適用して該第1の層における該物体の第1の二次元断面を形成し、
該バインダジェットをずらし、そして
形成材料の第2の層にバインダを適用して該第2の層における該物体の第2の二次元断面を形成する工程を含んで成ることを特徴とする方法。
該第1の方向に対して横に該バインダジェットをずらす工程を更に含む上記51の方法。
該ジェットの路にワイパ要素を設け、
該ワイパ要素を横切って移動するように該ジェットを位置決めし、そのため該ワイパ要素は該ジェットから残留物を除去する工程を含んで成ることを特徴とするジェットから残留物を除去する方法。
形成材料の層を設け、
該形成材料と反応して固体構造を形成するバインダの供給物を設け、そして、
形成材料の層における選ばれた位置に様々の容積のバインダを適用して該物体の二次元断面を形成する工程を含んで成ることを特徴とする方法。
該物体を三次元プリンタにおいて形成し、そして
該物体に物質を浸透させる工程を含んで成ることを特徴とする方法。
Claims (4)
- メモリに記憶された三次元物体の表示から三次元物体を製造するための装置であって、
粉末材料の層を形成するための層化装置と、
該粉末材料と反応して固体構造を形成するバインダ液の供給装置と、
複数の識別されたカラーを作るための組み合わせ可能な染料の供給装置と、そして
該バインダ液が該粉末材料の領域を一緒に固めて該物体の断面を形成するように粉末材料の層上の選ばれた位置に該バインダ液及び該染料を付着させるプリント装置と、
を備えることを特徴とする装置。 - a)染料の供給物が三原色の供給物と黒色の供給物とを含み、任意に、
b)該バインダ液が着色されていないか、又は
c)該選ばれた位置が該物体の外側表面を規定する、かのいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の装置。 - メモリに記憶された三次元物体の表示から三次元物体を製造する方法であって、
粉末材料の層を形成する過程と、
該粉末材料と反応して固体構造を形成するバインダ液の供給物を設ける過程と、
複数の識別されたカラーを作るための組み合わせ可能な染料の供給物を設ける過程と、そして
該バインダ液が該粉末材料の領域を一緒に固めて該物体の断面を形成するように粉末材料の層上の選ばれた位置に該バインダ液及び該染料を付着させる工程と、
を備えることを特徴とする方法。 - a)染料の供給物が三原色の供給物と黒色の供給物とを含み、そして、任意に、
該バインダ液が着色されていないか、又は
染料の供給物がバインダ液を含み、或は
b)該選ばれた位置が該物体の外側表面を規定することを特徴とする請求項3記載の方法。
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