JP4948127B2 - 熱伸長性繊維 - Google Patents
熱伸長性繊維 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4948127B2 JP4948127B2 JP2006309513A JP2006309513A JP4948127B2 JP 4948127 B2 JP4948127 B2 JP 4948127B2 JP 2006309513 A JP2006309513 A JP 2006309513A JP 2006309513 A JP2006309513 A JP 2006309513A JP 4948127 B2 JP4948127 B2 JP 4948127B2
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Images
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Description
該繊維は、加熱処理又は捲縮処理が施されており、且つ第1樹脂成分の融点よりも低い温度において熱によって伸長可能になっている熱伸長性繊維を提供することにより前記目的を達成したものである。
配向指数(%)=A/B×100 (1)
「芯鞘型複合繊維の高速紡糸における繊維構造形成」第408頁(繊維学会誌、Vol.51、No.9、1995年)
(1)ポリプロピレンとして、そのメルトフローレート(以下、MFRともいう)が10〜35g/10minで、そのQ値が2.5〜4.0のものを用い、ポリエチレンとして、そのMFRが8〜30g/10minで、そのQ値が4.0〜7.0のものを用いる組み合わせ。
(2)ポリプロピレンとして、そのMFRが12〜30g/10minで、そのQ値が3.0〜3.5のものを用い、ポリエチレンとして、そのMFRが10〜25g/10minで、そのQ値が4.5〜6.0のものを用いる組み合わせ。
表1に示す条件にて溶融紡糸を行い同芯タイプ又は偏芯タイプの芯鞘型複合繊維の未延伸糸(未延伸トウ)を得た。得られた未延伸トウに繊維処理剤を付与した後、必要に応じて未延伸トウを1.0倍の緊張状態で約100℃の蒸気中で約3秒間トウ加熱処理を行った。次いで二次元の機械捲縮を施した。次いで、同表に示す温度の熱風を900秒間吹き付けて加熱処理(乾燥処理)を施した。この複合繊維を繊維長51mmに切断し、短繊維とした。得られた短繊維について、前述の方法で樹脂の配向指数及び融点並びに繊維の伸長率を測定した。それらの結果を表1に示す。なお表には示していないが、繊維の太さはすべて3.3dtexとした。
I.使用する分析装置
(i)クロス分別装置
ダイヤインスツルメンツ社製CFC T−100(CFCと略す)
(ii)フーリエ変換型赤外線吸収スペクトル分析
FT−IR、パーキンエルマー社製 1760X
CFCの検出器として取り付けられていた波長固定型の赤外分光光度計を取り外して代わりにFT−IRを接続し、このFT−IRを検出器として使用する。CFCから溶出した溶液の出口からFT−IRまでの間のトランスファーラインは1mの長さとし、測定の間を通じて140℃に温度保持する。FT−IRに取り付けたフローセルは光路長1mm、光路直径5mmφである。フローセルは、測定の間を通じて140℃に温度保持する。
(iii)ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)
CFC後段部分のGPCカラムは、昭和電工社製AD806MSを3本直列に接続して使用する。
II.CFCの測定条件
(i)溶媒:オルトジクロルベンゼン(ODCB)
(ii)サンプル濃度:1mg/mL
(iii)注入量:0.4mL
(iv)カラム温度:140℃
(v)溶媒流速:1mL/分
III.FT−IRの測定条件
CFC後段のGPCから試料溶液の溶出が開始した後、以下の条件でFT−IR測定を行い、GPC−IRデータを採取する。
(i)検出器:MCT
(ii)分解能:8cm-1
(iii)測定間隔:0.2分(12秒)
(iv)一測定当たりの積算回数:15回
IV.測定結果の後処理と解析
分子量分布は、FT−IRによって得られる2945cm-1の吸光度をクロマトグラムとして使用して求める。保持容量から分子量への換算は、予め作成しておいた標準ポリスチレンによる検量線を用いて行う。使用する標準ポリスチレンは何れも東ソー(株)製の以下の銘柄である。F380、F288、F128、F80、F40、F20、F10、F4、F1、A5000、A2500、A1000。各々が0.5mg/mLとなるようにODCB(0.5mg/mLのBHTを含む)に溶解した溶液を0.4mL注入して較正曲線を作成する。較正曲線は最小二乗法で近似して得られる三次式を用いる。分子量への換算は森定雄著「サイズ排除クロマトグラフィー」(共立出版)を参考に汎用較正曲線を用いる。その際使用する粘度式([η]=K×Mα)には以下の数値を用いる。
(i)標準ポリスチレンを使用する較正曲線作成時
K=0.000138、α=0.70
(ii)ポリプロピレンのサンプル測定時
K=0.000103、α=0.78
なお分子量は、前記GPC(ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー)により測定するが、別の機種により分子量を測定することもできる。その場合には、2005年度プラスチック成形材料商取引便覧(化学工業日報社、2004年8月30日発行)に記載の、日本ポリプロ社製「MG03B」と同時に分子量を測定し、MG03Bが3.5を示すときの値をブランク条件とし、条件を調整して分子量を測定する。
測定台上に12cm×12cmのプレートを載置し、この状態でのプレートの上面の位置を測定の基準点Aとする。次にプレートを取り除き、測定台上に測定対象となる不織布試験片を載置し、その上に前記プレートを載置する。この状態でのプレート上面の位置をBとする。AとBの差から測定対象となる不織布試験片の厚みを求める。プレートの重さは測定目的により種々変更可能であるが、ここでは重さ54gのプレートを用いて測定した。測定機器にはレーザー変位計((株)キーエンス製、CCDレーザー変位センサLK−080)を用いた。これに代えてダイヤルゲージ式の厚み計を用いてもよい。但し、厚み計を用いる場合は不織布試験片に加わる圧力を調整する必要がある。また、上述の方法で測定された不織布の厚みは、その不織布の坪量に大きく依存する。そこで、嵩高さの指標として、厚みと坪量から算出される比容積(cm3/g)を採用している。坪量の測定方法は任意であるが、厚みを測定する試験片そのものの重さを計量し、測定した試験片の寸法から算出される。
不織布を目視し、次の基準により判定した。
◎:明確な立体形状となっている
○:立体形状となっている
△:殆ど立体形状とは認められない
×:立体形状ではない
1A,2A 押出機
1B,2B ギアポンプ
3 紡糸口金
4 巻取装置
10 不織布
11 凸部
12 凹部
20 ウエブ
21 ヒートエンボス装置
22,23 ロール
24 ヒートボンド不織布
25 熱圧着部
26 熱風吹き付け装置
Claims (9)
- 配向指数が30〜70%の第1樹脂成分と、該第1樹脂成分の融点よりも低い融点又は軟化点を有し且つ配向指数が40%以上の第2樹脂成分とからなり、第2樹脂成分が繊維表面の少なくとも一部を長さ方向に連続して存在している複合繊維からなり、
該繊維は、加熱処理又は捲縮処理が施されており、且つ第1樹脂成分の融点よりも低い温度において熱によって伸長可能になっている熱伸長性繊維。 - 第1樹脂成分の融点と第2樹脂成分の融点との差、又は第1樹脂成分の融点と第2樹脂成分の軟化点との差が20℃以上である請求項1記載の熱伸長性繊維。
- 第2樹脂成分の融点における繊維の伸長率よりも、第2の樹脂成分の融点から10℃高い温度における繊維の伸長率の方が3%以上大きいものである請求項1又は2記載の熱伸長性繊維。
- 第1樹脂成分がポリプロピレンであり、第2樹脂成分がポリエチレンである請求項1ないし3の何れかに記載の熱伸長性繊維。
- 請求項1ないし4の何れかに記載の繊維を含み、熱の付与によって該繊維が伸長した状態になっている不織布。
- 前記繊維が部分的に圧着又は接着されている多数の圧接着部を有し、熱の付与によって該圧接着部間の繊維が伸長した状態になっている請求項5記載の不織布。
- 前記繊維が伸長していることで、嵩高な及び/又は立体的な外観を有している請求項5又は6記載の不織布。
- 請求項1記載の熱伸長性繊維の製造方法であって、ポリエチレンと、メルトフローレートが10〜35g/10minで、Q値が2.5〜4.0のポリプロピレンとを、引き取り速度2000m/分未満で溶融紡糸して複合繊維を得た後、該複合繊維に加熱処理又は捲縮処理を施す(但し延伸処理は行わない)工程を有する熱伸長性繊維の製造方法。
- 前記ポリエチレンにおけるメルトフローレートが8〜30g/10minで、Q値が4.0〜7.0である請求項8記載の熱伸長性繊維の製造方法。
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US12/086,131 US8968859B2 (en) | 2005-12-07 | 2006-12-01 | Heat extensible fiber |
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