JP4730351B2 - 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 - Google Patents
内燃機関の排気浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4730351B2 JP4730351B2 JP2007201076A JP2007201076A JP4730351B2 JP 4730351 B2 JP4730351 B2 JP 4730351B2 JP 2007201076 A JP2007201076 A JP 2007201076A JP 2007201076 A JP2007201076 A JP 2007201076A JP 4730351 B2 JP4730351 B2 JP 4730351B2
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- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- exhaust
- reducing agent
- fuel
- internal combustion
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
- F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
- F01N3/106—Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2033—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using a fuel burner or introducing fuel into exhaust duct
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
- B01D2255/91—NOx-storage component incorporated in the catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
- B01D2258/012—Diesel engines and lean burn gasoline engines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
- B01D53/9477—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on separate bricks, e.g. exhaust systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2340/00—Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses
- F01N2340/04—Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses characterised by the arrangement of an exhaust pipe, manifold or apparatus in relation to vehicle frame or particular vehicle parts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Description
内燃機関に接続されたエキゾーストマニホールドと、
該エキゾーストマニホールドに一端が接続された排気通路に設けられた排気浄化触媒と
、
前記エキゾーストマニホールドに設けられた酸化機能を有する前段触媒と、
前記エキゾーストマニホールドに設けられた排気中に還元剤を添加する還元剤添加弁と、を備え、
前記前段触媒が、その外周面と前記エキゾーストマニホールドの内壁面との間を排気が流れるように形成されており、
前記還元剤添加弁から還元剤が添加されたときに形成される該還元剤の噴霧先に前記前段触媒が位置するように前記前段触媒および前記還元剤添加弁が配置されていることを特徴とする。
媒における発熱量の増加に伴ってターボチャージャの回転数が変化しないようにノズルベーンの開度を制御してもよい。
<内燃機関およびその吸排気系の概略構成>
図1は、本実施例に係る内燃機関およびその吸排気系の概略構成を示す図である。内燃機関1は4つの気筒2を有する車両駆動用のディーゼルエンジンである。各気筒2には該気筒2内に燃料を直接噴射する燃料噴射弁3がそれぞれ設けられている。
部が酸化触媒13の外周面とエキゾーストマニホールド7の内壁面との間を通過する。
本実施例においては、NOx触媒9を昇温させるとき、および、NOx触媒9に吸蔵されたNOxまたはSOxを還元するときに、燃料添加弁12から燃料を添加する。燃料添加弁12から添加された燃料が酸化触媒13に流入する。酸化触媒13に流入した燃料の少なくとも一部が酸化触媒13において改質される。そして、酸化触媒13において改質された燃料がNOx触媒9に供給される。
そのため、エキゾーストマニホールド7に酸化触媒13が設けられることに起因する内燃機関1の運転状態への影響を小さくすることが出来る。また、酸化触媒13がタービンハウジング8bへの排気の流入の妨げとなることが抑制されるため、過給圧が変化するときの応答性の悪化を招くことを抑制することが出来る。
よび3においても、斜線部が、燃料添加弁12から燃料が添加されたときに形成される燃料の噴霧を表している)。
<ターボチャージャの概略構成>
図4は、本実施例に係るターボチャージャ8の概略構成を示す図である。本実施例に係るターボチャージャ8のタービンハウジング8bにおいては、羽形状のノズルベーン17がタービンホイールの円周方向に複数取り付けられている。このノズルベーン17はアクチュエータ18によって駆動される。
燃料添加弁12から添加された燃料が酸化触媒13に流入すると、該燃料の一部が酸化触媒13において酸化される。そのため、燃料添加弁12からの燃料添加が実行されるとタービンハウジング8bに流入する排気の温度が上昇する場合がある。その結果、ターボチャージャ8の回転数が上昇する虞がある。
、所定の間隔で繰り返し実行される。
2・・・気筒
3・・・燃料噴射弁
4・・・吸気通路
5・・・インテークマニホールド
6・・・排気通路
7・・・エキゾーストマニホールド
8・・・ターボチャージャ
8a・・コンプレッサハウジング
8b・・タービンハウジング
9・・・吸蔵還元型NOx触媒
10・・ECU
11・・エアフローメータ
12・・燃料添加弁
13・・酸化触媒
14・・空燃比センサ
15・・温度センサ
17・・ノズルベーン
18・・アクチュエータ
Claims (4)
- 内燃機関に接続されたエキゾーストマニホールドと、
該エキゾーストマニホールドに一端が接続された排気通路に設けられた排気浄化触媒と、
前記エキゾーストマニホールドに設けられた酸化機能を有する前段触媒と、
前記エキゾーストマニホールドに設けられた排気中に還元剤を添加する還元剤添加弁と、を備え、
前記前段触媒が、その外周面と前記エキゾーストマニホールドの内壁面との間を排気が流れるように形成されており、
前記還元剤添加弁から還元剤が添加されたときに形成される該還元剤の噴霧先に前記前段触媒が位置するように前記前段触媒および前記還元剤添加弁が配置されていることを特徴とする内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 - 前記内燃機関がターボチャージャ付内燃機関であって、
前記排気通路における前記排気浄化触媒よりも上流側に前記ターボチャージャのタービンハウジングが設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 - 前記ターボチャージャが、ノズルベーンを有する可変容量型ターボチャージャであって、
前記還元剤添加弁から還元剤が添加されたときに、前記前段触媒における発熱量の増加に伴って前記ターボチャージャの回転数が変化しないように前記ノズルベーンの開度を制御することを特徴とする請求項2記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。 - 前記前段触媒が吸蔵還元型NOx触媒であることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化装置。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007201076A JP4730351B2 (ja) | 2007-08-01 | 2007-08-01 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
PCT/JP2008/063640 WO2009017145A1 (ja) | 2007-08-01 | 2008-07-30 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
US12/670,970 US20100186379A1 (en) | 2007-08-01 | 2008-07-30 | Exhaust gas purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine |
EP08791871A EP2184456B1 (en) | 2007-08-01 | 2008-07-30 | Exhaust gaz purification apparatus for an internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007201076A JP4730351B2 (ja) | 2007-08-01 | 2007-08-01 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2009036094A JP2009036094A (ja) | 2009-02-19 |
JP4730351B2 true JP4730351B2 (ja) | 2011-07-20 |
Family
ID=40304375
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2007201076A Expired - Fee Related JP4730351B2 (ja) | 2007-08-01 | 2007-08-01 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100186379A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2184456B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4730351B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009017145A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2485363A (en) * | 2010-11-11 | 2012-05-16 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Diesel engine with a downstream reforming catalyst |
DE102010064020B4 (de) * | 2010-12-23 | 2013-03-07 | Bosch Emission Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Abgasanlage und Aufheizverfahren |
FI20115130A0 (fi) * | 2011-02-10 | 2011-02-10 | Waertsilae Finland Oy | Pakokaasusäiliö, polttomoottori ja scr-menetelmä |
GB2518360B (en) | 2013-09-17 | 2018-01-24 | Jaguar Land Rover Ltd | Exhaust treatment apparatus and method |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0913955A (ja) * | 1995-06-27 | 1997-01-14 | Komatsu Ltd | ディーゼルエンジンの排気ガス浄化装置 |
JP3385874B2 (ja) | 1996-09-19 | 2003-03-10 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | ディーゼル機関の排気浄化装置 |
JP3796919B2 (ja) | 1997-03-19 | 2006-07-12 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 筒内直接噴射式内燃機関の燃料噴射制御装置 |
US6314735B1 (en) * | 2000-02-23 | 2001-11-13 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Control of exhaust temperature in lean burn engines |
JP3951899B2 (ja) * | 2002-11-15 | 2007-08-01 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | ディーゼルエンジンの排気浄化装置 |
JP4045935B2 (ja) * | 2002-11-25 | 2008-02-13 | 三菱ふそうトラック・バス株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
JP4443839B2 (ja) * | 2003-02-12 | 2010-03-31 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
JP4054862B2 (ja) * | 2003-08-29 | 2008-03-05 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 排気浄化装置及び燃料改質触媒 |
JP4320582B2 (ja) * | 2003-10-24 | 2009-08-26 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
JP4161903B2 (ja) * | 2003-12-25 | 2008-10-08 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 排ガス浄化装置 |
SE527023C2 (sv) * | 2004-04-27 | 2005-12-06 | Koenigsegg Automotive Ab | Avgasrenare för förbränningsmotorer med förkatalysator, huvudkatalysator samt en förbiledningskanal |
JP2006348905A (ja) * | 2005-06-20 | 2006-12-28 | Toyota Motor Corp | 内燃機関の排気浄化システム |
-
2007
- 2007-08-01 JP JP2007201076A patent/JP4730351B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-07-30 WO PCT/JP2008/063640 patent/WO2009017145A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2008-07-30 US US12/670,970 patent/US20100186379A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-07-30 EP EP08791871A patent/EP2184456B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20100186379A1 (en) | 2010-07-29 |
EP2184456B1 (en) | 2012-07-11 |
EP2184456A1 (en) | 2010-05-12 |
WO2009017145A1 (ja) | 2009-02-05 |
JP2009036094A (ja) | 2009-02-19 |
EP2184456A4 (en) | 2011-03-30 |
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