JP4487268B2 - バイオマスからの燃料およびクレーの回収 - Google Patents
バイオマスからの燃料およびクレーの回収 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4487268B2 JP4487268B2 JP2006500426A JP2006500426A JP4487268B2 JP 4487268 B2 JP4487268 B2 JP 4487268B2 JP 2006500426 A JP2006500426 A JP 2006500426A JP 2006500426 A JP2006500426 A JP 2006500426A JP 4487268 B2 JP4487268 B2 JP 4487268B2
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- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002761 deinking Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283086 Equidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013330 chicken meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011860 particles by size Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 sawdust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
- F26B3/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried
- F26B3/08—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed
- F26B3/092—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed agitating the fluidised bed, e.g. by vibrating or pulsating
- F26B3/0923—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed agitating the fluidised bed, e.g. by vibrating or pulsating by mechanical means, e.g. vibrated plate, stirrer
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B1/00—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids
- F26B1/005—Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids by means of disintegrating, e.g. crushing, shredding, milling the materials to be dried
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/24—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by shooting or throwing the materials, e.g. after which the materials are subject to impact
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
- F26B3/10—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour carrying the materials or objects to be dried with it
- F26B3/12—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour carrying the materials or objects to be dried with it in the form of a spray, i.e. sprayed or dispersed emulsions or suspensions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Description
出発原料は通常はバイオマスであり、特に、製材所または製紙工場の廃棄物または副産物として出るのこ屑、木片および樹皮などの製材屑燃料である。それは単独のまたはその他の有機物と組み合わせたきゅう肥でもよい。そのきゅう肥はウマ、ウシ、ブタ、ヒツジ、ニワトリからのものでよい。競馬場から出る廃棄物は例えばウマのきゅう肥、藁および木材チップを含むのが普通であり、このような廃棄物は本発明の方法のための適切な出発原料である。
(1)供給速度:この速度が大きければ大きいほど、最終産物中の水分レベルは高くなる。
(2)衝突の瞬間の材料の速度:その速度が大きければ大きいほど、水分抽出速度は大きくなる。上記のように、ローターが速く回転すればするほど、材料の速度は高くなる。
(3)チャンバ内およびサイクロン分離器内の温度:好ましい温度範囲は約45℃ないし約80℃であり、より好ましい範囲は約50℃ないし約65℃である。大抵の場合、チャンバ内および分離器内の温度は、本来それらが好適に運転しているならばこの範囲内になり、よってそれらの温度を制御する必要はない。
(4)微粉砕チャンバ内の空気の流速。速度が大きければ大きいほど、チャンバおよびサイクロンを通る材料の処理量は大きくなり、この製法の生産量は高くなる。その上、空気の流速が大きければ大きいほど、固体粒子からより多くの水分が除去される。
Claims (18)
- 廃棄有機物質の水分含有量を、前記廃棄有機物質を燃料として適切に使用できるレベルにまで減らす方法であって;
(i)前記廃棄有機物質の水分含有量を約60重量パーセント以下に調節した出発原料を用意し;
(ii)一部は側壁および下壁によって規定される内部空間を有する微粉砕チャンバに前記廃棄有機物質を導入し、前記廃棄有機物質を前記内部空間に落下させ;
(iii)落下された前記廃棄有機物質を主に水を含む第一フラクションと;前記第一フラクションより水分が少ない物質を含む第二フラクションとに分離させ得る十分な力で前記廃棄有機物質を前記側壁に衝突せしめ;
(iv)前記第一フラクションの一部を前記チャンバに設けられたベントから大気中に排出させ;
(v)前記第二フラクションと未排出の第一フラクションとを前記チャンバから運び出して内壁を有する分離器に導入するのに十分な速度で、空気を前記チャンバに流入させ;
(vi)前記分離器内の空気によって、工程(v)からの前記第二フラクションを前記分離器の内壁と接触させ、その結果として工程(v)からの空気および未排出の第一フラクションから前記第二フラクションを分離し;
(vii)(a)前記廃棄有機物質が工程(iii)の側壁に衝突する速度;(b)工程(ii)の前記廃棄有機物質をチャンバに供給する速度;(c)分離器内の空気温度;および(d)工程(v)における空気の流速の少なくも一つを調節して、さらに(e)チャンバ内温度を約45ないし約80℃の範囲の数値に調節して、工程(vi)からの第二フラクション中の水の割合を約15重量パーセント未満に減らし;
(viii)工程(vi)からの前記第二フラクションを最終産物として回収する諸工程を含む方法。 - 工程(i)の出発原料の水分含有量を約40重量パーセント以下に調節する工程をさらに含む請求項1記載の方法。
- (ix)工程(viii)からの前記最終産物を実質的に完全に木材繊維からなる約250ミクロンより大きい第一部分と、実質的に完全にクレーからなる約250ミクロンより小さい第二部分とに分離する工程をさらに含む請求項1記載の方法。
- (x)工程(iii)の前記落下された廃棄有機物質を前記側壁に衝突させる推進手段が前記チャンバの前記内部空間に配設されてなる請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記推進手段は、モータによって回転されるハブに鎖が取り付けられてなる請求項4記載の方法。
- 前記推進手段は、モータによって回転されるハブにピボット状に複数の刃が取り付けられてなる請求項4記載の方法。
- 前記刃は、比較的低い抗力係数を有する硬質要素で形成されてなる請求項6記載の方法。
- 前記刃は、涙滴形の横断面を有する硬質要素で形成されてなる請求項6記載の方法。
- 円錐形の上壁と平らな下壁を有するトーラスを前記チャンバ内に備え、前記トーラスは前記落下された廃棄有機物質が前記チャンバの中心を通るように開口が設けられてなる請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記トーラスの前記下壁に複数のバッフルプレートを備え、前記トーラスの下の前記廃棄有機物質の流れを方向づけるようにしてなる請求項9記載の方法。
- 前記各バッフルプレートが前方壁および後方壁を有し、隣接する前方バッフルの前方壁間の角度が約45度である請求項10記載の方法。
- 前記各バッフルプレートの前方壁と前記トーラスの底部との間の角度が約120度である請求項11記載の方法。
- (xi)紙パルプスラッジを含む主材料と実質的な量の細菌を含む木材パルプを含む二次的材料との混合物を少なくも等重量の脱墨材料と組み合わせて工程(i)の出発原料を生成する工程をさらに含む請求項1記載の方法。
- (xii)工程(viii)からの第二フラクションの十分な量を工程(i)の材料に再循環して前記出発原料を生成する工程をさらに含む請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記チャンバ内温度を約50ないし約65℃の範囲の数値に調節する請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記分離器がサイクロン分離器である請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記有機物質が紙パルプスラッジである請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記有機物質がきゅう肥である請求項1記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002416402A CA2416402A1 (en) | 2003-01-15 | 2003-01-15 | Recovery of fuel and clay from a biomass |
PCT/CA2004/000012 WO2004063649A1 (en) | 2003-01-15 | 2004-01-14 | Recovery of fuel and clay from a biomass |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2006518396A JP2006518396A (ja) | 2006-08-10 |
JP4487268B2 true JP4487268B2 (ja) | 2010-06-23 |
Family
ID=32660928
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006500426A Expired - Fee Related JP4487268B2 (ja) | 2003-01-15 | 2004-01-14 | バイオマスからの燃料およびクレーの回収 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7481385B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4487268B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101117918B1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2416402A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004063649A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (36)
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JP2005305448A (ja) * | 2004-04-16 | 2005-11-04 | Jfe Engineering Kk | 円錐型脱水装置 |
JP4546409B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-25 | 2010-09-15 | ファースト アメリカン サイエンティフィック コーポレーション | 乾燥方法及び乾燥装置 |
JP5017992B2 (ja) * | 2006-09-29 | 2012-09-05 | 住友大阪セメント株式会社 | 木質系廃棄物の燃料化装置、及び木質系廃棄物の処理方法、並びにセメント焼成設備 |
US11001776B2 (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2021-05-11 | Richard B. Hoffman | System and method of preparing pre-treated biorefinery feedstock from raw and recycled waste cellulosic biomass |
JP5289785B2 (ja) * | 2008-01-28 | 2013-09-11 | 株式会社バイオマス・プロダクツ | リグノセルロース系原料の微細粉製造方法 |
JP5594941B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-04 | 2014-09-24 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | バイオマス粉砕装置、及び該装置の制御方法 |
WO2010053397A1 (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2010-05-14 | Yunita-M Limited | A method to grind polymeric substances and a device to perform it |
US9340741B2 (en) * | 2009-09-09 | 2016-05-17 | Gas Technology Institute | Biomass torrefaction mill |
FI124016B (fi) * | 2009-10-26 | 2014-01-31 | Vapo Oy | Menetelmä biomassakuivattimessa käytetyn kuivatusilman lämmittämiseksi välipiirinesteen avulla sekä vesi-glykoliseoksen tai sitä vastaavan jäätymättömän välipiirinesteen käyttö biomassakuivattimessa käytetyn kuivatusilman lämmittämiseksi |
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DE1604934B1 (de) | 1966-10-27 | 1970-07-30 | Haag Eugen | Schleuderrad fuer einen Flugschichttrockner |
US4213407A (en) * | 1978-12-27 | 1980-07-22 | Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corporation | Flash drying sludge derived fuel process |
US4384787A (en) | 1979-06-28 | 1983-05-24 | Yasuro Ito | Method and apparatus for adjusting the quantity of liquid deposited on fine granular materials and method of preparing mortar or concrete |
US4507127A (en) * | 1981-12-21 | 1985-03-26 | Nippon Furnace Kogyo Co., Ltd. | System for recovering resources from sludge |
US4599954A (en) * | 1985-02-22 | 1986-07-15 | Williams Patent Crusher And Pulverizer Company | Sewage sludge disposal process and apparatus therefor |
US4702927A (en) | 1986-02-03 | 1987-10-27 | Fuji Oil Company, Ltd. | Method for drying water retentive substance |
DE4133642C1 (ja) | 1991-10-11 | 1993-02-25 | Alb. Klein Gmbh & Co. Kg, 5241 Niederfischbach, De | |
EP0862718B1 (en) * | 1995-11-21 | 1999-07-14 | APV Anhydro A/S | A process and an apparatus for producing a powdered product by spin flash drying |
US5839671A (en) | 1996-10-19 | 1998-11-24 | Spectrasonic Disintegration Equipment Corp. | Device and method for comminution |
JP3710333B2 (ja) | 1999-07-29 | 2005-10-26 | ホソカワミクロン株式会社 | 気流乾燥装置 |
-
2003
- 2003-01-15 CA CA002416402A patent/CA2416402A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2004
- 2004-01-14 KR KR1020057009932A patent/KR101117918B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-01-14 JP JP2006500426A patent/JP4487268B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-01-14 US US10/542,188 patent/US7481385B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-01-14 WO PCT/CA2004/000012 patent/WO2004063649A1/en active Application Filing
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KR20050089806A (ko) | 2005-09-08 |
JP2006518396A (ja) | 2006-08-10 |
US7481385B2 (en) | 2009-01-27 |
CA2416402A1 (en) | 2004-07-15 |
WO2004063649A1 (en) | 2004-07-29 |
US20060108459A1 (en) | 2006-05-25 |
KR101117918B1 (ko) | 2012-03-20 |
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