JP4398373B2 - 熱処理食品中のアクリルアミド形成を低減させる方法 - Google Patents
熱処理食品中のアクリルアミド形成を低減させる方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4398373B2 JP4398373B2 JP2004537698A JP2004537698A JP4398373B2 JP 4398373 B2 JP4398373 B2 JP 4398373B2 JP 2004537698 A JP2004537698 A JP 2004537698A JP 2004537698 A JP2004537698 A JP 2004537698A JP 4398373 B2 JP4398373 B2 JP 4398373B2
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- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 110
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title description 11
- DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Asparagine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC(N)=O DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- 229960001230 asparagine Drugs 0.000 claims description 63
- 235000009582 asparagine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 63
- DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-REOHCLBHSA-N L-asparagine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(N)=O DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 102000015790 Asparaginase Human genes 0.000 claims description 18
- 108010024976 Asparaginase Proteins 0.000 claims description 18
- 229960003272 asparaginase Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-UHFFFAOYSA-M asparaginate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(N)CC(N)=O DCXYFEDJOCDNAF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000415 inactivating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021067 refined food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims 2
- 125000002791 glucosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 claims 1
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 15
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 7
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 235000018977 lysine Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 6
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- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N L-alanine Chemical compound C[C@H](N)C(O)=O QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N L-aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960003767 alanine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000003704 aspartic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-carboxyaspartic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)C(C(O)=O)C(O)=O OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000004279 alanine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- RBMGJIZCEWRQES-DKWTVANSSA-N (2s)-2,4-diamino-4-oxobutanoic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(N)=O RBMGJIZCEWRQES-DKWTVANSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HZRUTVAFDWTKGD-JEDNCBNOSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O HZRUTVAFDWTKGD-JEDNCBNOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012020 french fries Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 papermaking Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013606 potato chips Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.OCC(N)(CO)CO QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004475 Arginine Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-alpha-Ala Natural products CC([NH3+])C([O-])=O QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-mannomethylose Natural products CC1OC(O)C(O)C(O)C1O SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 1
- QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-UWTATZPHSA-N L-Alanine Natural products C[C@@H](N)C(O)=O QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-UWTATZPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P L-argininium(2+) Chemical compound NC(=[NH2+])NCCC[C@H]([NH3+])C(O)=O ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P 0.000 description 1
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-histidine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-lysine Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-JFNONXLTSA-N L-rhamnopyranose Chemical compound C[C@@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-JFNONXLTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNNNRSAQSRJVSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N L-rhamnose Natural products CC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PNNNRSAQSRJVSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000533293 Sesbania emerus Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000299461 Theobroma cacao Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009470 Theobroma cacao Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N arginine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000009697 arginine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000613 asparagine group Chemical group N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005069 calcium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000001465 calcium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FNAQSUUGMSOBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-H calcium citrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O FNAQSUUGMSOBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000001354 calcium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004256 calcium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium lactate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001527 calcium lactate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002401 calcium lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011086 calcium lactate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016213 coffee Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013353 coffee beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014510 cooky Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012495 crackers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutamine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000004554 glutamine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N histidine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014304 histidine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940049920 malate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007269 microbial metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001243 protein synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014616 translation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013337 tricalcium citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L19/10—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops
- A23L19/12—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops of potatoes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Y—ENZYMES
- C12Y305/00—Hydrolases acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds, other than peptide bonds (3.5)
- C12Y305/01—Hydrolases acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds, other than peptide bonds (3.5) in linear amides (3.5.1)
- C12Y305/01001—Asparaginase (3.5.1.1)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L19/10—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops
- A23L19/12—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops of potatoes
- A23L19/18—Roasted or fried products, e.g. snacks or chips
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
- A23L5/25—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification using enzymes
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
- Cereal-Derived Products (AREA)
- Seasonings (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
Description
ンパク質塊を構成する標準アミノ酸は12種類存在し、これら食品材料中に発見され得るアミノ酸には、リジン、アラニン、アスパラギン、グルタミン、アルギニン、ヒスチジン、グリシン及びアスパラギン酸等がある。
生のジャガイモを原料とし、これを200℃もの高温にて処理して製造される。他の熱処理食品材料の例には、処理済みカラス麦、半ゆで乾燥米、調理済み大豆製品、トウモロコシ紛、焙煎コーヒー豆、焙煎カカオ豆等がある。代替的に、最終食品の製造が加熱ステップを含む、最終食品の調製に生食品材料を使用してもよい。最終食品が加熱ステップから製造される生食品材料処理の一例としては、生のポテトスライスを約100〜205℃の温度にて油で調理するポテトチップスの製造、あるいは同様の温度にて油で調理するフライドポテトの製造がある。
実験例1
本実験例では、アクリルアミドは、単糖、及びアミノ酸リジンの存在下で形成されないことを証明する。20mlの頭隙を伴うガラス瓶内にて、アミノ酸Lリジン約0.1gと、水0.2mlと、グルコース0.2gとを化合させた。ガラス瓶をアルミニウムホイルでカバーして、ガスクロマトグラフィー・オーブン内で、以下の温度プロファイルにて加熱した。最初の温度設定を40℃とし、その後、1分間につき20℃の割合で200℃迄昇温させた。その後、ガラス瓶を40℃迄冷却した。加熱後、混合物は乾燥黒化した。反応混合物を水100mlで抽出して、水中のアクリルアミドをGC−MSにより測定した
。グルコースとL−リジン水和物とを加熱した場合、アクリルアミドは検出されなかった(検出限界:50部/億)。マイラード(Maillard)反応がアクリルアミド源であると仮定すると、反応混合物は相当茶色に変色するために、リジン反応混合物はアクリルアミドを含有していたと想定される。
本実験例では、アクリルアミドは、単糖、及びアミノ酸アラニンの存在下で形成されないことを証明する。実施例1の方法を、L−アラニンを用いて再現した。本実験例でも、アクリルアミドは50部/億より高い検出限界において測定不可能であった。
本実施例では、アクリルアミドは、単糖、及びアスパラギンの存在下で形成されることを証明する。実験例1の方法を、L−アスパラギン・モノハイドレートを用いて再現した。反応混合物を水で抽出して、アクリルアミドをGC−MSにより測定した所、反応混合物は55106部/億のアクリルアミドを含むことが判明した。最初のアスパラギン量0.1gを基準とすると、この反応によるアクリルアミドの収率は、約9%であると示される。
本実施例では、アクリルアミドは、単糖、アスパラギン、及び第二アミノ酸の存在下で形成されることを証明する。実験例1の方法を、L−リジン水和物、及びL−アスパラギン・モノハイドレートを各0.1gずつ含む条件下で再現した。反応混合物中のアクリルアミドを測定した所、214842部/億のアクリルアミドが存在した。最初のアスパラギン量、及びリジン量を基準とすると、この反応による収率は、約37%であることが示される。
本実験例では、酵素アスパラギナーゼの存在下でアスパラギンとグルコースとを加熱すると、アクリルアミドの形成が低減されることを示す。酵素アスパラギナーゼを、pH8
.6の0.05Mトリス塩酸バッファに溶解して、活性アスパラギナーゼ溶液を作成した。活性アスパラギナーゼ溶液の一部を、100℃で20分間加熱して酵素を不活性化して、コントロール・アスパラギナーゼ溶液も作成した。コントロール溶液中、グルコース0.2g、アスパラギナーゼ0.1g、及び加熱アスパラギナーゼ溶液20mlを、20ml頭隙ガラス瓶中で化合させた。活性酵素による実験では、グルコース0.2g、アスパラギナーゼ0.1g、及び活性アスパラギナーゼ溶液20mlを、20ml頭隙ガラス瓶中で化合させた。ガラス瓶中の酵素量は250酵素単位であった。コントロール、及び活性酵素の混合物は、全く同一に処理された。ガラス瓶を38℃にて2時間保持した後、80℃のオーブン内に40時間配置して蒸発させ、乾燥させた。加熱後、各ガラス瓶に水0.2mlを追加した。その後、ガラス瓶をガスクロマトグラフィー・オーブン内で、以下の温度プロファイルにて加熱した。開始温度40℃から、20℃/分で200℃迄加熱し、40℃迄冷却するに先立って200℃で2分間保持した。その後、反応混合物を水50mlで抽出して、水中のアクリルアミドをGC−MSにより測定した。測定値を以下の表1に示す。
Claims (17)
- 熱処理された食品中のアクリルアミドを低減させるための方法であって、
a) 遊離アスパラギンを含有する食品材料を提供する工程と、
b) 前記遊離アスパラギンを含有する食品材料をアスパラギナーゼ及び2価カチオンに接触させることによって前記アスパラギン含有食品材料中のアスパラギンを不活性化する工程と、
c) 前記食品材料を、食品混合物中の成分として使用する工程と、
d) 前記食品混合物を加熱して、熱処理食品を製造する工程とを備える方法。 - 前記食品材料は、主として炭水化物からなる請求項1に記載の熱処理食品中のアクリルアミドを低減させるための方法。
- 前記食品材料は、米、小麦、トウモロコシ、大麦、大豆、ジャガイモ及びカラス麦から選択される、請求項1に記載の熱処理食品中のアクリルアミドを低減させるための方法。
- 前記食品材料はジャガイモを含む、請求項1に記載の熱処理食品中のアクリルアミドを低減させるための方法。
- 前記不活性化の工程(b)は、単糖の存在下で、アスパラギン含有食品材料にアスパラギナーゼ溶液を加える工程を含む、請求項1に記載の熱処理食品中のアクリルアミドを低減させるための方法。
- 前記単糖はグルコースを含む、請求項5に記載の熱処理食品中のアクリルアミドを低減させるための方法。
- 前記不活性化の工程(b)は、食品材料を浸出する工程を含む請求項1に記載の熱処理食品中のアクリルアミドを低減させるための方法。
- 前記不活性化の工程(b)は、食品材料を発酵させる工程を含む請求項1に記載の熱処理食品中のアクリルアミドを低減させるための方法。
- 工程(d)において、食品混合物は少なくとも80℃迄加熱される請求項1に記載の熱処理食品中のアクリルアミドを低減させるための方法。
- 工程(d)の食品混合物の熱処理は100〜205℃の温度で実行される、請求項1に記載の熱処理食品中のアクリルアミドを低減させるための方法。
- 熱処理された食品中のアクリルアミドを低減させるための方法であって、
a) 遊離アスパラギンを含有するとともに主として炭水化物からなる食品材料を提供する工程と、
b) 前記食品材料にアスパラギナーゼ溶液を加えて、アスパラギン含有食品材料中のアスパラギンを不活性化する工程と、
c) 前記食品材料を、食品混合物中の成分として使用する工程と、
d) 前記食品混合物を加熱して、熱処理食品を製造する工程とを備える方法。 - 熱処理された食品中のアクリルアミドを低減させるための方法であって、
a) 米、小麦、トウモロコシ、大麦、大豆、ジャガイモ及びカラス麦から選択され、かつ遊離アスパラギンを含有する食品材料を提供する工程と、
b) 前記食品材料にアスパラギナーゼ溶液を加えて、アスパラギン含有食品材料中のアスパラギンを不活性化する工程と、
c) 前記食品材料を、食品混合物中の成分として使用する工程と、
d) 前記食品混合物を加熱して、熱処理食品を製造する工程とを備える方法。 - 熱処理された食品中のアクリルアミドを低減させるための方法であって、
a) 遊離アスパラギンを含有するとともにジャガイモからなる食品材料を提供する工程と、
b) 前記食品材料にアスパラギナーゼ溶液を加えて、アスパラギン含有食品材料中のアスパラギンを不活性化する工程と、
c) 前記食品材料を、食品混合物中の成分として使用する工程と、
d) 前記食品混合物を加熱して、熱処理食品を製造する工程とを備える方法。 - 熱処理された食品中のアクリルアミドを低減させるための方法であって、
a) 遊離アスパラギンを含有する食品材料を提供する工程と、
b) 単糖の存在下で前記食品材料にアスパラギナーゼ溶液を加えることによって、アスパラギン含有食品材料中のアスパラギンを不活性化する工程と、
c) 前記食品材料を、食品混合物中の成分として使用する工程と、
d) 前記食品混合物を加熱して、熱処理食品を製造する工程とを備える方法。 - 前記単糖はグルコースである、請求項14に記載の熱処理食品中のアクリルアミドを低減させる方法。
- 工程(d)において、食品混合物は少なくとも80℃迄加熱される請求項14に記載の熱処理食品中のアクリルアミドを低減させる方法。
- 工程(d)の食品混合物の熱処理は100〜205℃の温度で実行される、請求項14に記載の熱処理食品中のアクリルアミドを低減させる方法。
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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RU2597862C2 (ru) * | 2011-08-05 | 2016-09-20 | Фрито-Лэй Норт Америка, Инк. | Способ уменьшения образования акриламида при получении патоки |
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TW200404499A (en) | 2004-04-01 |
AU2003265789A2 (en) | 2004-04-08 |
BR0314458A (pt) | 2005-07-26 |
CL2004000287A1 (es) | 2005-03-11 |
EP1553845B1 (en) | 2018-02-28 |
US7037540B2 (en) | 2006-05-02 |
AR042182A1 (es) | 2005-06-15 |
CA2499148C (en) | 2010-10-12 |
US20040058054A1 (en) | 2004-03-25 |
EP1553845A4 (en) | 2012-08-22 |
RU2302745C2 (ru) | 2007-07-20 |
ES2666189T3 (es) | 2018-05-03 |
AU2003265789A1 (en) | 2004-04-08 |
ZA200502617B (en) | 2006-09-27 |
KR20050057495A (ko) | 2005-06-16 |
WO2004026042A1 (en) | 2004-04-01 |
AU2003265789B2 (en) | 2008-05-08 |
JP2006500024A (ja) | 2006-01-05 |
US20060127534A1 (en) | 2006-06-15 |
TWI280102B (en) | 2007-05-01 |
JP4399433B2 (ja) | 2010-01-13 |
BRPI0314458B1 (pt) | 2016-10-11 |
KR100595873B1 (ko) | 2006-07-03 |
CN1681395A (zh) | 2005-10-12 |
CN100508775C (zh) | 2009-07-08 |
CA2499148A1 (en) | 2004-04-01 |
JP2006187301A (ja) | 2006-07-20 |
MXPA05003043A (es) | 2005-06-08 |
EP1553845A1 (en) | 2005-07-20 |
RU2005112189A (ru) | 2005-09-20 |
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