JP4174047B2 - 防波堤や防波構造物のための保護要素 - Google Patents
防波堤や防波構造物のための保護要素 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4174047B2 JP4174047B2 JP2004522859A JP2004522859A JP4174047B2 JP 4174047 B2 JP4174047 B2 JP 4174047B2 JP 2004522859 A JP2004522859 A JP 2004522859A JP 2004522859 A JP2004522859 A JP 2004522859A JP 4174047 B2 JP4174047 B2 JP 4174047B2
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 42
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/129—Polyhedrons, tetrapods or similar bodies, whether or not threaded on strings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/0029—Moulds or moulding surfaces not covered by B28B7/0058 - B28B7/36 and B28B7/40 - B28B7/465, e.g. moulds assembled from several parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/0029—Moulds or moulding surfaces not covered by B28B7/0058 - B28B7/36 and B28B7/40 - B28B7/465, e.g. moulds assembled from several parts
- B28B7/0035—Moulds characterised by the way in which the sidewalls of the mould and the moulded article move with respect to each other during demoulding
- B28B7/0038—Moulds characterised by the way in which the sidewalls of the mould and the moulded article move with respect to each other during demoulding the sidewalls of mould and moulded article moving only past each other, e.g. box-shaped moulds which are lifted off from the moulding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/0029—Moulds or moulding surfaces not covered by B28B7/0058 - B28B7/36 and B28B7/40 - B28B7/465, e.g. moulds assembled from several parts
- B28B7/0035—Moulds characterised by the way in which the sidewalls of the mould and the moulded article move with respect to each other during demoulding
- B28B7/0041—Moulds characterised by the way in which the sidewalls of the mould and the moulded article move with respect to each other during demoulding the sidewalls of the mould being moved only parallelly away from the sidewalls of the moulded article
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/003—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/26—Bituminous materials, e.g. tar, pitch
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/14—Preformed blocks or slabs for forming essentially continuous surfaces; Arrangements thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
- Y10S264/59—Processes in which a partial cure is involved
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
Description
Claims (18)
- 防波堤又は防波構造物のための保護要素であって、該保護要素は、
互いに反対方向を向いた平面を有する実質的に正方形の基部と、
前記互いに反対方向を向いた平面のそれぞれから突出する二つの主突出部と、
前記実質的に正方形の基部の各コーナー部からそれぞれ延在し、実質的に同じサイズの凹部によって互いに隔てられている四つの補助突出部とを備え、
該四つの補助突出部はそれぞれ、前記基部の各コーナー部を通る対角線方向に延在しており、前記実質的に正方形の基部の前記各平面に対して実質的に平行で、互いに反対方向を向いた面を有する、防波堤又は防波構造物のための保護要素。 - 前記各主突出部が、前記互いに反対方向を向いた平面のそれぞれの中央部に存在している、請求項1に記載の保護要素。
- 前記主突出部が互いに反対方向に延在している、請求項1に記載の保護要素。
- 前記主突出部が、前記互いに反対方向を向いた平面に対して実質的に垂直方向に延設されている、請求項1に記載の保護要素。
- 前記主突出部の周縁が非円形である、請求項1に記載の保護要素。
- 前記主突出部の周縁が多角形である、請求項5に記載の保護要素。
- 前記主突出部の周縁が正多角形である、請求項6に記載の保護要素。
- 前記主突出部が正方形であり、前記基部に対してそれぞれ45度回転している、請求項7に記載の保護要素。
- 前記主突出部の端部が平坦な面で終結している、請求項1に記載の保護要素。
- コンクリート製である、請求項1に記載の保護要素。
- 要素を製作する材料が、石油精製残留物と、砂、岩石状粒状物、及び砂利の少なくとも一つとを含む、請求項1に記載の保護要素。
- 前記互いに反対方向を向いた平面が実質的に平行である、請求項1に記載の保護要素。
- 前記補助突出部がそれぞれ尖った形状であり、四つの補助突出部の先端が正方形をなしている、請求項1に記載の保護要素。
- 前記各補助突出部が一点で交わる二つの平面を有し、該二つの平面はそれぞれ、隣接する各補助突出部の二つの平面の一方と同一平面上にある、請求項1に記載の保護要素。
- 前記補助突出部の前記互いに反対方向を向いた面が、前記正方形の基部の前記互いに反対方向を向いた平面と同一平面上にある、請求項1に記載の保護要素。
- 先行する請求項のいずれか一項に記載の保護要素を製造するための方法であって、該方法は、
第1の突出部(2)を形成するための型枠(12)を備えた下地(20)内に第一の凹部(11)を形成する工程と、
コンクリートを第一の型枠(12)内に任意に注入する工程と、
第1の型枠(12)より上の地面(10)上に第2の型枠(14)を形成する工程と、
地面(10)と先に注入した第1の突出部のためのコンクリート(13)との上の第2の型枠(14)内にコンクリート(15)を注入するか、或いは第1の型枠(12)内へのコンクリート(13)の注入と、その上及び地面上の第2の型枠(14)内へのコンクリート(15)の注入とを同時に行なう工程と、
第2の型枠(14)内の所定量のコンクリート(15)をある程度硬化させる工程と、
第2の型枠(14)内のある程度硬化したコンクリート(15)の上に第3の型枠(16)を置く工程と、
所定量のコンクリート(17)を第3の型枠(16)内に注入して第2の突出部を形成する工程と
を含む方法。 - 請求項1〜15の一項に記載の保護要素を製造するための方法であって、該方法は、
底部突出部の断面形状に対応する断面形状を有する立上がり領域を地面(10)上に作成する工程と、
頂部と底部とが開いた分割底部ボックス(21)を、底部ボックス(21)に着脱可能に連結された分割上部ボックス(22)と共に、立上がり領域に据付ける工程と、
要素形成のための材料を底部ボックス(21)に注入する工程と、
この材料をある程度硬化させる工程と、
上部ボックス(22)に材料を注入する工程と、
材料を硬化させ、その後、上部ボックスが材料から外れるように上部ボックスを上方に短い距離だけ移動させる工程と、
底部ボックス(21)を、底部ボックス(21)が材料から外れるように、上部ボックス(22)を移動させた距離より短い距離だけ降下させる工程と、
半割れの一方である底部ボックス(23)及び上部ボックス(25)を取りはずし、次いで半割れの他方である底部ボックス(24)及び上部ボックス(26)を取りはずす工程とを含み、
底部ボックス(21)及び上部ボックス(22)が次の要素の製造のために再使用できる、方法。 - 請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の保護要素を製造するための型枠であって、該型枠は、鉛直面によって左側底部ボックス(23)と右側底部ボックス(24)とに分割される底部ボックス(21)と、前記と同一の鉛直面によって分割され底部ボックス(21)に連結される上部ボックス(22)とからなり、底部ボックスは頂部と底部が開いており、その底部が立上がり部上に封止状態になるように置くことができ、上部ボックス(22)は連結要素により底部ボックス(21)に連結され、前記連結要素には持ち上げ手段が組み込まれていて、底部ボックス(21)に対し上部ボックス(22)を持ち上げられるようになっており、底部ボックス(21)は、底部ボックスを上部ボックスと共に降下させる持ち上げ手段が設けられた、可動脚等の支持手段によって支持されている、型枠。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL1021146 | 2002-07-24 | ||
PCT/NL2003/000541 WO2004009910A2 (en) | 2002-07-24 | 2003-07-24 | Protective element for a breakwater or wave-retarding construction |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2006503200A JP2006503200A (ja) | 2006-01-26 |
JP4174047B2 true JP4174047B2 (ja) | 2008-10-29 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2004522859A Expired - Lifetime JP4174047B2 (ja) | 2002-07-24 | 2003-07-24 | 防波堤や防波構造物のための保護要素 |
Country Status (16)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7160057B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1540087B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4174047B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101091099B1 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN101230566B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003252584B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR0312823B1 (ja) |
CY (1) | CY1116975T1 (ja) |
DK (1) | DK1540087T3 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2551119T3 (ja) |
HK (1) | HK1087162A1 (ja) |
MX (1) | MXPA05000975A (ja) |
NL (1) | NL1023995C2 (ja) |
PT (1) | PT1540087E (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004009910A2 (ja) |
ZA (1) | ZA200500424B (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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KR102657440B1 (ko) * | 2023-09-21 | 2024-04-26 | 주식회사 비에스건설 | 거푸집 장치 및 이를 이용한 비대칭형 소파블록 제조 방법 |
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KR102657440B1 (ko) * | 2023-09-21 | 2024-04-26 | 주식회사 비에스건설 | 거푸집 장치 및 이를 이용한 비대칭형 소파블록 제조 방법 |
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ZA200500424B (en) | 2006-08-30 |
US7976763B2 (en) | 2011-07-12 |
CN1774546A (zh) | 2006-05-17 |
AU2003252584B2 (en) | 2012-07-05 |
US20070080478A1 (en) | 2007-04-12 |
US20050214075A1 (en) | 2005-09-29 |
HK1087162A1 (en) | 2006-10-06 |
WO2004009910A3 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
CN101230566A (zh) | 2008-07-30 |
BR0312823A (pt) | 2005-06-07 |
MXPA05000975A (es) | 2005-09-12 |
NL1023995C2 (nl) | 2004-02-18 |
BR0312823B1 (pt) | 2014-12-09 |
ES2551119T3 (es) | 2015-11-16 |
AU2003252584A1 (en) | 2004-02-09 |
KR101091099B1 (ko) | 2011-12-09 |
CY1116975T1 (el) | 2017-04-05 |
AU2003252584A8 (en) | 2004-02-09 |
CN100392190C (zh) | 2008-06-04 |
CN101230566B (zh) | 2010-12-22 |
PT1540087E (pt) | 2015-12-01 |
EP1540087A2 (en) | 2005-06-15 |
WO2004009910A2 (en) | 2004-01-29 |
KR20050031459A (ko) | 2005-04-06 |
DK1540087T3 (en) | 2015-12-07 |
EP1540087B1 (en) | 2015-09-09 |
US7160057B2 (en) | 2007-01-09 |
JP2006503200A (ja) | 2006-01-26 |
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