JP3769282B2 - 前後輪駆動車両 - Google Patents
前後輪駆動車両 Download PDFInfo
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- JP3769282B2 JP3769282B2 JP2004064490A JP2004064490A JP3769282B2 JP 3769282 B2 JP3769282 B2 JP 3769282B2 JP 2004064490 A JP2004064490 A JP 2004064490A JP 2004064490 A JP2004064490 A JP 2004064490A JP 3769282 B2 JP3769282 B2 JP 3769282B2
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- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
- B60L15/2036—Electric differentials, e.g. for supporting steering vehicles
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- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
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- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0061—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electrical machines
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- B60L3/106—Indicating wheel slip ; Correction of wheel slip for maintaining or recovering the adhesion of the drive wheels
- B60L3/108—Indicating wheel slip ; Correction of wheel slip for maintaining or recovering the adhesion of the drive wheels whilst braking, i.e. ABS
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- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
- B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
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- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
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- B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
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- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
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- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
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- B60L2240/423—Torque
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
また請求項3に記載された発明によれば、前後何れか一方の左右一対の車輪を駆動するエンジンと、前後何れか他方の左右一対の車輪をそれぞれ左右一対の遊星歯車機構を介して駆動し得る左右一対のモータと、エンジンで駆動されて各モータに供給する電力を発電するジェネレータとを備えた前後輪駆動車両において、ジェネレータの発電量および各モータの出力を制御可能であって、車両の発進時には各モータで前後何れか他方の左右一対の車輪を駆動して発進のアシストを行うと共に車速が所定値に達したならば各モータによる前記発進のアシストを停止し、その発進後の車両の直進走行時及び高速旋回時には、左右一対のモータをジェネレータとして機能させて回生制動力を発生させることで左右一対の遊星歯車機構に差動制限機能を発揮させ得る制御手段を備えており、この制御手段は、ジェネレータのステータに流れるフィールド電流を変化させることにより該ジェネレータの起電力の制御を行うと共に、モータのステータに流れるフィールド電流を変化させることによりモータの回転数−トルク特性を制御して高速回転数領域における出力増加を図ることを特徴とする前後輪駆動車両が提案される。
また請求項4に記載された発明によれば、請求項1,2又は3の構成に加えて、車両の電装品に電力を供給すべく、前記ジェネレータとは別個のジェネレータと、この別個のジェネレータに接続されたバッテリとを備えたことを特徴とする前後輪駆動車両が提案される。
ブレーキペダル7が操作されていないことをブレーキ操作センサS4 が検出しており、シフトポジションセンサS5 で検出したシフトポジションが前進走行ポジションであり、かつ後輪速度センサS2 ,S2 で検出した後輪速度Vr(即ち、車速)が15km/h未満である車両Vの前進発進時に、前輪速度センサS1 ,S1 で検出した前輪速度Vfと後輪速度センサS2 ,S2 で検出した後輪速度Vrとを比較し、前輪速度Vfおよび後輪速度Vrの偏差ΔV(=Vf−Vr)が閾値ΔV以上になると、つまりエンジンEにより駆動される前輪WFL,WFRのスリップ量が所定値以上になると、図6に示すように、シフトソレノイド52を励磁してドグクラッチ46を係合させることにより遊星歯車機構P,Pのリングギヤ44をケーシング21に固定した状態で、左右のモータML ,MR を同速度で正転駆動する。
車両Vの発進が完了して車速が15km/h以上になると、ドグクラッチ46が図4に示す非係合状態に保持されて遊星歯車機構P,Pのリングギヤ44は自由に回転できる状態になる。この状態で例えば車両Vが右旋回する場合に、左側のモータML を正転駆動するとともに右側のモータMR を逆転駆動する。すると左側のサンギヤ45が正転して左側のプラネタリキャリヤ42がリングギヤ44に対して正転し、同時に右側のサンギヤ45が逆転して右側のプラネタリキャリヤ42がリングギヤ44に対して逆転する。このとき、左右のプラネタリキャリヤ42,42から共通のリングギヤ44に作用する相互に逆方向のトルクは相殺されるため、左後輪WRLが増速されて右後輪WRRが減速される。その結果、左後輪WRLおよび右後輪WRRにそれぞれ駆動力および制動力が作用し、右向きのヨーモーメントが発生して車両Vの右旋回がアシストされる。
直進走行時や高速旋回時には、左右のモータML ,MR をジェネレータとして機能させて回生制動力を発生させることにより、後輪駆動装置Dに差動制限機能を発揮させる。即ち、左後輪WRLの回転がプラネタリキャリヤ42、プラネタリギヤ43…およびサンギヤ45を経て左側のモータML に伝達されて制動されるとともに、右後輪WRRの回転がプラネタリキャリヤ42、プラネタリギヤ43…およびサンギヤ45を経て右側のモータMR に伝達されて制動されるが、このとき左右のプラネタリギヤ43…がケーシング21から切り離された共通のリングギヤ44に噛み合っているため、左右の後輪WRL,WRRの差回転が左右のモータML ,MR の制動力によって規制される。これにより差動制限機能が発揮され、外乱等によって車両Vにヨーモーメントが作用したときに、このヨーモーメントに対抗するヨーモーメントを発生させて直進安定性や高速旋回安定性を高めることができる。
E エンジン
G 1 第1ジェネレータ(ジェネレータ)
G2 第2ジェネレータ(ジェネレータ)
ig フィールド電流
im フィールド電流
ML ,MR モータ
U 電子制御ユニット(制御手段)
V 車両
WFL,WFR 前輪
WRL,WRR 後輪
Claims (4)
- 前輪(WFL,WFR)および後輪(WRL,WRR)の一方の車輪を駆動するエンジン(E)と、前輪(WFL,WFR)および後輪(WRL,WRR)の他方の車輪を駆動するモータ(ML ,MR )と、エンジン(E)で駆動されてモータ(ML ,MR )に供給する電力を発電するジェネレータ(G2 )とを備えた前後輪駆動車両において、
ジェネレータ(G2 )の発電量およびモータ(ML ,MR )の出力を制御可能であって、少なくとも車両(V)の発進時にモータ(ML ,MR )で他方の車輪を駆動して発進のアシストを行い、車速が所定値に達したならばモータ(ML ,MR )による前記発進のアシストを停止する制御手段(U)を備えており、
この制御手段(U)は、ジェネレータ(G2 )のステータに流れるフィールド電流(ig)を変化させることにより該ジェネレータ(G 2 )の起電力の制御を行うと共に、モータ(ML ,MR )のステータに流れるフィールド電流(im)を変化させることによりモータ(M L ,M R )の回転数−トルク特性を制御して高速回転数領域における出力増加を図ることを特徴とする、前後輪駆動車両。 - 前後何れか一方の左右一対の車輪(W FL ,W FR )を駆動するエンジン(E)と、前後何れか他方の左右一対の車輪(W RL ,W RR )をそれぞれ左右一対の遊星歯車機構(P,P)を介して駆動し得る左右一対のモータ(M L ,M R )と、エンジン(E)で駆動されて各モータ(M L ,M R )に供給する電力を発電するジェネレータ(G 2 )とを備えた前後輪駆動車両において、
ジェネレータ(G 2 )の発電量および各モータ(M L ,M R )の出力を制御可能であって、車両(V)の発進時には各モータ(M L ,M R )で前後何れか他方の左右一対の車輪(W RL ,W RR )を駆動して発進のアシストを行うと共に車速が所定値に達したならば各モータ(M L ,M R )による前記発進のアシストを停止し、その発進後の車両(V)旋回時には、左右一対のモータ(M L ,M R )を互いに逆方向に回転駆動することで旋回をアシストし得る制御手段(U)を備えており、
この制御手段(U)は、ジェネレータ(G 2 )のステータに流れるフィールド電流(ig)を変化させることにより該ジェネレータ(G 2 )の起電力の制御を行うと共に、モータ(M L ,M R )のステータに流れるフィールド電流(im)を変化させることによりモータ(M L ,M R )の回転数−トルク特性を制御して高速回転数領域における出力増加を図ることを特徴とする、前後輪駆動車両。 - 前後何れか一方の左右一対の車輪(W FL ,W FR )を駆動するエンジン(E)と、前後何れか他方の左右一対の車輪(W RL ,W RR )をそれぞれ左右一対の遊星歯車機構(P,P)を介して駆動し得る左右一対のモータ(M L ,M R )と、エンジン(E)で駆動されて各モータ(M L ,M R )に供給する電力を発電するジェネレータ(G 2 )とを備えた前後輪駆動車両において、
ジェネレータ(G 2 )の発電量および各モータ(M L ,M R )の出力を制御可能であって、車両(V)の発進時には各モータ(M L ,M R )で前後何れか他方の左右一対の車輪(W RL ,W RR )を駆動して発進のアシストを行うと共に車速が所定値に達したならば各モータ(M L ,M R )による前記発進のアシストを停止し、その発進後の車両(V)の直進走行時及び高速旋回時には、左右一対のモータ(M L ,M R )をジェネレータとして機能させて回生制動力を発生させることで左右一対の遊星歯車機構(P,P)に差動制限機能を発揮させ得る制御手段(U)を備えており、
この制御手段(U)は、ジェネレータ(G 2 )のステータに流れるフィールド電流(ig)を変化させることにより該ジェネレータ(G 2 )の起電力の制御を行うと共に、モータ(M L ,M R )のステータに流れるフィールド電流(im)を変化させることによりモータ(M L ,M R )の回転数−トルク特性を制御して高速回転数領域における出力増加を図ることを特徴とする、前後輪駆動車両。 - 車両(V)の電装品に電力を供給すべく、前記ジェネレータ(G2 )とは別個のジェネレータ(G1 )と、この別個のジェネレータ(G1 )に接続されたバッテリ(B)とを備えたことを特徴とする、請求項1,2又は3に記載の前後輪駆動車両。
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