JP2021508919A - オキシ水酸化硝酸鉄の製造方法、これによって製造されたオキシ水酸化硝酸鉄を含むリチウム二次電池用正極及びこれを備えたリチウム二次電池 - Google Patents
オキシ水酸化硝酸鉄の製造方法、これによって製造されたオキシ水酸化硝酸鉄を含むリチウム二次電池用正極及びこれを備えたリチウム二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021508919A JP2021508919A JP2020535067A JP2020535067A JP2021508919A JP 2021508919 A JP2021508919 A JP 2021508919A JP 2020535067 A JP2020535067 A JP 2020535067A JP 2020535067 A JP2020535067 A JP 2020535067A JP 2021508919 A JP2021508919 A JP 2021508919A
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- positive electrode
- secondary battery
- lithium secondary
- iron oxyhydroxide
- nitrate
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- 238000007607 die coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDUPRNVPXOHWIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfite Chemical compound COS(=O)OC BDUPRNVPXOHWIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
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- QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound [CH2]COC(=O)OCCC QKBJDEGZZJWPJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylphosphoric triamide Chemical compound CN(C)P(=O)(N(C)C)N(C)C GNOIPBMMFNIUFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001197 polyacetylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000120 polyethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
[化1]
FeO(NO3)x(OH)1‐x(ただし、0<x<1)
Description
[化1]
FeO(NO3)x(OH)1‐x(ただし、0<x<1)
[化1]
FeO(NO3)x(OH)1‐x(ただし、0<x<1)
本発明によるオキシ水酸化硝酸鉄の製造方法は、(1)Fe(NO3)3・9H2Oを水性溶媒及び有機溶媒の混合溶媒に溶解してFe(NO3)3・9H2O溶液を準備する段階、及び(2)前記Fe(NO3)3・9H2O溶液を乾燥して下記化学式1で表される化合物を収得する段階を含むことができる。
[化1]
FeO(NO3)x(OH)1‐x(ただし、0<x<1)
本発明は、従来リチウム二次電池用正極の短所を補完し、リチウムポリスルフィド(polysulfide)溶解及びシャトル現象による電極の持続的反応性低下問題及び放電容量減少問題などが改善されたリチウム二次電池用正極を提供する。
[化1]
FeO(NO3)x(OH)1‐x(ただし、0<x<1)
本発明は、前記リチウム二次電池用正極、負極、これらの間に介在された分離膜及び電解質を含むリチウム二次電池を提供する。この時、前記負極、分離膜及び電解質はリチウム二次電池に使われることができる通常の物質で構成されてもよい。
Fe(NO3)3・9H2O(Sigma‐Aldrich社)75gをDIW(deionized water)50gとエタノール50gの混合溶媒に溶解させて1.8M溶液を製造した。前記製造された溶液をガラス槽(glass bath)に入れてコンベクションオーブンで空気を充分に入れて80℃、24時間乾燥させて化学式FeO(NO3)x(OH)1‐x(ただし、0.5≦x<1)のオキシ水酸化硝酸鉄を製造した。
混合溶媒の代わりにエタノール100gを使用してオキシ水酸化硝酸鉄溶液を製造したことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様に行ってオキシ水酸化硝酸鉄を製造した。
混合溶媒の代わりにDIW(deionized water)100gを使用してオキシ水酸化硝酸鉄溶液を製造したことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様に行ってオキシ水酸化硝酸鉄を製造した。
乾燥温度を155℃に変更したことを除いては、前記実施例1と同様に行ってオキシ水酸化硝酸鉄を製造した。
前記実施例1で製造されたオキシ水酸化硝酸鉄(FeO(NO3)x(OH)1‐x)と、前記比較例3で製造された粒子(α‐Fe2O3+α‐FeOOH)に対してSEM分析(Hitachi社のS‐4800FE‐SEM)を実施した。図1は実施例1で製造されたオキシ水酸化硝酸鉄に対するSEM分析結果で(図1のaは5k倍率、図1のbは100k倍率)、図2は比較例3で製造された粒子に対するSEM分析結果を示すグラフである。倍率を100kにしてSEM分析をした結果、図1及び2に図示されたように、それぞれ粒径50ないし200nmの粒子を確認することができた。
前記実施例1及び比較例3でそれぞれ製造された物質に対してXRD分析(Bruker社のD4 Endeavor)を実施した。図3は実施例1で製造されたオキシ水酸化硝酸鉄及び比較例3で製造された粒子に対するCuKα線を利用したX‐線回折分析結果である。図3を参照すれば、(310)及び(520)面のXRD有効ピークがそれぞれ2θ=35.2±0.2゜及び61.3±0.2゜で示され、本発明による純粋な相のオキシ水酸化硝酸鉄が製造されたことを確認することができた。
前記実施例1及び比較例3でそれぞれ製造された物質のリチウムポリスルフィド吸着能力を紫外線(UV、Agilent社のAgilent 8453 UV‐visible spectrophotometer)吸光度分析を通じて確認して図4に示す。
正極材の種類によるリチウム二次電池(正確には、リチウム‐硫黄電池)の放電容量を実験するために、下記表1に記載されたようにリチウム二次電池の正極及び負極を構成した後で放電容量を測定した。
前記表1に記載したように、リチウム二次電池(正確には、リチウム‐硫黄電池)の正極及び負極を構成した後、電池のサイクルによる寿命特性を測定して図6に示す。測定は電圧範囲1.8ないし2.5Vで、0.1C放電/0.1C充電で3Cycle、0.2C放電/0.2C充電で3Cycle、以後0.5C放電/0.3C充電を繰り返して実施した。
先ず、溶媒の水に、オキシ水酸化硝酸鉄を投入するベース固形分(活物質、導電材及びバインダー)に総重量(100重量部)に対して前記実施例1で製造された10重量部のオキシ水酸化硝酸鉄を投入して溶解した。以後、得られた溶液に対して、ベース固形分総100重量部、つまり活物質として硫黄‐炭素複合体(S/C70:30重量部)を90重量部、導電材としてデンカブラックを5重量部、バインダーとしてスチレンブタジエンゴム/カルボキシメチルセルロース(SBR/CMC7:3)5重量部を投入してミキシングし、正極スラリー組成物を製造した。
硫黄‐炭素複合体の硫黄及び炭素の割合(S/C)を75:25に変更し、オキシ水酸化硝酸鉄の投入量をベース固形分と対比して1重量部に変更したことを除いては、前記実施例2と同様に行ってリチウム二次電池(コインセル)を製造した。
硫黄‐炭素複合体の硫黄及び炭素の割合(S/C)を75:25に変更し、オキシ水酸化硝酸鉄の投入量をベース固形分と対比して3重量部に変更したことを除いては、前記実施例2と同様に行ってリチウム二次電池(コインセル)を製造した。
硫黄‐炭素複合体の硫黄及び炭素の割合(S/C)を75:25に変更し、オキシ水酸化硝酸鉄の投入量をベース固形分と対比して5重量部に変更したことを除いては、前記実施例2と同様に行ってリチウム二次電池(コインセル)を製造した。
溶媒として水にベース固形分総100重量部、つまり活物質として硫黄‐炭素複合体(S/C70:30重量部)を90重量部、導電材としてデンカブラックを5重量部、バインダーとしてスチレンブタジエンゴム/カルボキシメチルセルロース(SBR/CMC7:3)5重量部を投入してミキシングし、正極スラリー組成物を製造した。
硫黄‐炭素複合体の硫黄と炭素の割合(S/C)を75:25に変更したことを除いては、前記比較例4と同様に行ってリチウム二次電池(コインセル)を製造した。
正極材の種類によるリチウム二次電池の放電容量を実験するために、下記表2に記載したようにリチウム二次電池の正極及び負極を構成した後で放電容量を測定した。この時、測定電流は0.1C、電圧範囲1.8ないし2.5Vにし、その結果を図5及び6に示す。
Claims (14)
- 下記化学式1で表されるオキシ水酸化硝酸鉄を含むリチウム二次電池用正極。
[化1]
FeO(NO3)x(OH)1‐x(ただし、0<x<1) - 前記オキシ水酸化硝酸鉄の含量は、リチウム二次電池の正極に含まれるベース固形分100重量部に対して0.1ないし15重量部であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極。
- 前記オキシ水酸化硝酸鉄は、粒径50ないし200nmであることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極。
- 前記オキシ水酸化硝酸鉄は結晶性であることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極。
- 前記オキシ水酸化硝酸鉄は、(310)及び(520)面のXRDピークがそれぞれ2θ=35.2±0.2゜及び61.3±0.2゜で示されることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極。
- 前記リチウム二次電池用正極は、活物質、導電材及びバインダーを含み、前記活物質は硫黄‐炭素複合体であることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極。
- 前記硫黄‐炭素複合体は、硫黄‐炭素複合体100重量部を基準にして硫黄の含量が60ないし80重量部であることを特徴とする請求項6に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極。
- (1)Fe(NO3)3・9H2Oを水性溶媒及び有機溶媒の混合溶媒に溶解してFe(NO3)3・9H2O溶液を準備する段階;及び
(2)前記Fe(NO3)3・9H2O溶液を乾燥して下記化学式1で表される化合物を収得する段階;を含むオキシ水酸化硝酸鉄の製造方法。
[化1]
FeO(NO3)x(OH)1‐x(ただし、0<x<1) - 前記段階(1)のFe(NO3)3・9H2O溶液の濃度は0.5ないし2.5Mであることを特徴とする請求項8に記載のオキシ水酸化硝酸鉄の製造方法。
- 前記段階(2)の乾燥は70ないし90℃の温度で18ないし36時間行われることを特徴とする請求項8または9に記載のオキシ水酸化硝酸鉄の製造方法。
- 前記水性溶媒と有機溶媒は30:70ないし70:30の重量比で混合されることを特徴とする請求項8から10のいずれか一項に記載のオキシ水酸化硝酸鉄の製造方法。
- 前記オキシ水酸化硝酸鉄の粒径は50ないし200nmであることを特徴とする請求項8から11のいずれか一項に記載のオキシ水酸化硝酸鉄の製造方法。
- 請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池用正極;負極;これらの間に介在された分離膜;及び電解質;を含むリチウム二次電池。
- 前記リチウム二次電池は、正極内に硫黄を含むことを特徴とする請求項13に記載のリチウム二次電池。
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