JP2020204300A - ハニカム構造体、電気加熱式ハニカム構造体、電気加熱式担体及び排気ガス浄化装置 - Google Patents
ハニカム構造体、電気加熱式ハニカム構造体、電気加熱式担体及び排気ガス浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020204300A JP2020204300A JP2019113001A JP2019113001A JP2020204300A JP 2020204300 A JP2020204300 A JP 2020204300A JP 2019113001 A JP2019113001 A JP 2019113001A JP 2019113001 A JP2019113001 A JP 2019113001A JP 2020204300 A JP2020204300 A JP 2020204300A
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- honeycomb structure
- silicon
- peripheral wall
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- partition wall
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Abstract
Description
(1)外周壁と、前記外周壁の内側に配設され、一方の端面から他方の端面まで貫通して流路を形成する複数のセルを区画形成する隔壁と、を有する柱状のハニカム構造体であって、
前記隔壁及び外周壁が、少なくともケイ素を含有するセラミックスで構成されており、
前記セラミックスにおけるケイ素の含有率が30質量%以上であり、
前記ケイ素中のドーパントの濃度が、1016〜5×1020個/cm3であるハニカム構造体。
(2)(1)に記載のハニカム構造体と、
前記ハニカム構造体の外周壁の表面に、前記ハニカム構造体の中心軸を挟んで対向するように配設された一対の電極層と、
を有する電気加熱式ハニカム構造体。
(3)(2)に記載の電気加熱式ハニカム構造体と、
前記電気加熱式ハニカム構造体の中心軸を挟んで対向するように配設され、前記一対の電極層上に設けられた一対の金属端子と、
を有する電気加熱式担体。
(4)(3)に記載の電気加熱式担体と、
前記電気加熱式担体を保持する缶体と、
を有する排気ガス浄化装置。
(5)外周壁と、前記外周壁の内側に配設され、一方の端面から他方の端面まで貫通して流路を形成する複数のセルを区画形成する多孔質の隔壁と、を有する柱状のハニカム構造体であって、
前記隔壁及び外周壁が、セラミックスで構成されており、前記セラミックスが、
ケイ素と、
アルミナ、ムライト、ジルコニア、コージェライト、炭化ケイ素、窒化ケイ素及び窒化アルミからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種と、
を含有し、
前記セラミックスにおけるケイ素の含有率が30質量%以上であり、
前記ケイ素は、ドーパントとしてBを含有し、
前記ハニカム構造体の体積抵抗率が、0.01Ω・cm以上5Ω・cm以下であるハニカム構造体。
図1は本発明の一実施形態におけるハニカム構造体10の外観模式図を示すものである。ハニカム構造体10は、外周壁12と、外周壁12の内側に配設され、一方の端面から他方の端面まで貫通して流路を形成する複数のセル15を区画形成する隔壁13とを有し、柱状に形成されている。
図3は、本発明の一実施形態における電気加熱式担体20のセルが延びる方向に垂直な断面模式図である。電気加熱式担体20は、電気加熱式ハニカム構造体30と、一対の金属端子21a、21bとを備える。一対の金属端子21a、21bは、ハニカム構造体10の中心軸を挟んで対向するように配設され、それぞれ一対の電極層14a、14b上に設けられており、電気的に接合されている。これにより、金属端子21a、21bは、電極層14a、14bを介して電圧を印加すると通電してジュール熱により電気加熱式ハニカム構造体30を発熱させることが可能である。このため、電気加熱式ハニカム構造体30はヒーターとしても好適に用いることができる。
本発明の実施形態に係る電気加熱式担体20は、排気ガス浄化装置に用いることができる。当該排気ガス浄化装置は、電気加熱式担体20と、当該電気加熱式担体20を保持する缶体とを有する。排気ガス浄化装置において、電気加熱式担体20は、エンジンからの排ガスを流すための排ガス流路の途中に設置される。缶体としては、電気加熱式担体20を収容する金属製の筒状部材等を用いることができる。
実施例2〜14、17〜21、及び、比較例1、15、16及び22として、それぞれ、ケイ素粉末、炭化ケイ素粉末、及び窒化ホウ素がそれぞれ表1の「レシピ」欄に記載の割合となるように混合して、セラミック原料を調製した。そして、セラミック原料に、バインダとしてヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、造孔材として吸水性樹脂を添加すると共に、水を添加して成形原料とした。そして、成形原料を真空土練機により混練し、円柱状の坏土を作製した。バインダの含有量はケイ素粉末と炭化ケイ素粉末の合計を100質量部としたときに7質量部とした。造孔材の含有量はケイ素粉末と炭化ケイ素粉末の合計を100質量部としたときに3質量部とした。水の含有量はケイ素粉末と炭化ケイ素粉末の合計を100質量部としたときに42質量部とした。ケイ素粒子の平均粒子径は6μmであった。また、造孔材の平均粒子径は20μmであった。ケイ素粒子及び造孔材の平均粒子径は、レーザー回折法で粒度の頻度分布を測定したときの、体積基準による算術平均径を指す。
ハニカム構造体の中心軸を挟んで対向するように一対の電極層を配設した。電極層の形成条件は以下である。すなわち、まず、ステンレス粉(SUS430)とガラス粉を体積割合でステンレス粉比率40%、ガラス粉比率を60%で混合し、セラミック原料を作製した。平均粒子径はステンレス粉が10μm、ガラス粉が2μmであった。なお、平均粒子径はレーザー回折法で粒度の頻度分布を測定したときの、体積基準による算術平均径を指す。
得られた電気加熱式ハニカム構造体のケイ素中のドーパントの濃度(ホウ素濃度)を上述の方法により、測定したところ、6×1015個/cm3であった。
また、得られた電気加熱式ハニカム構造体の隔壁の気孔率を水銀ポロシメータにより測定した。
また、得られた電気加熱式ハニカム構造体の一対の電極層に、それぞれ金属端子を電気的に接合した。続いて、金属端子を通して電気加熱式ハニカム構造体に48Vの電圧を印加して、電流値を計測した。当該電圧と電流値とから、電気加熱式ハニカム構造体の体積抵抗率を算出した。
当該評価結果を表1に示す。
表1に示されるように、本発明の実施例2〜14、17〜21では、ハニカム構造体の隔壁及び外周壁が、少なくともケイ素を含有するセラミックスで構成されており、セラミックスにおけるケイ素の含有率が30質量%以上であり、ケイ素中のドーパントの濃度が1016〜5×1020個/cm3であったため、体積抵抗率が低くなり、48Vという低電圧下でも過剰電流の発生を良好に抑制することができた。
比較例1では、ハニカム構造体の隔壁及び外周壁のケイ素中のドーパントの濃度が1016個/cm3未満であったため、体積抵抗率が大きくなった。
比較例15、16及び22では、ハニカム構造体の隔壁及び外周壁を構成するセラミックスにおけるケイ素の含有率が30質量%未満であったため、体積抵抗率が大きくなった。
12 外周壁
13 隔壁
14a、14b 電極層
15 セル
20 電気加熱式担体
21a、21b 金属端子
30 電気加熱式ハニカム構造体
Claims (11)
- 外周壁と、前記外周壁の内側に配設され、一方の端面から他方の端面まで貫通して流路を形成する複数のセルを区画形成する隔壁と、を有する柱状のハニカム構造体であって、
前記隔壁及び外周壁が、少なくともケイ素を含有するセラミックスで構成されており、
前記セラミックスにおけるケイ素の含有率が30質量%以上であり、
前記ケイ素中のドーパントの濃度が、1016〜5×1020個/cm3であるハニカム構造体。 - 前記ドーパントが、13族元素または15族元素である請求項1に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記ドーパントが、B及びAlからなる群から選択される一種または二種である請求項2に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記ドーパントが、N及びPからなる群から選択される一種または二種である請求項2に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記隔壁及び外周壁を構成するセラミックスが、前記ケイ素を30質量%以上100質量%未満含有する請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記隔壁の厚さが50〜200μmであり、セル密度が50〜150セル/cm2である請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記隔壁及び外周壁が、さらに、アルミナ、ムライト、ジルコニア、コージェライト、炭化ケイ素、窒化ケイ素及び窒化アルミからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種を含有する請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載のハニカム構造体と、
前記ハニカム構造体の外周壁の表面に、前記ハニカム構造体の中心軸を挟んで対向するように配設された一対の電極層と、
を有する電気加熱式ハニカム構造体。 - 請求項8に記載の電気加熱式ハニカム構造体と、
前記電気加熱式ハニカム構造体の中心軸を挟んで対向するように配設され、前記一対の電極層上に設けられた一対の金属端子と、
を有する電気加熱式担体。 - 請求項9に記載の電気加熱式担体と、
前記電気加熱式担体を保持する缶体と、
を有する排気ガス浄化装置。 - 外周壁と、前記外周壁の内側に配設され、一方の端面から他方の端面まで貫通して流路を形成する複数のセルを区画形成する多孔質の隔壁と、を有する柱状のハニカム構造体であって、
前記隔壁及び外周壁が、セラミックスで構成されており、前記セラミックスが、
ケイ素と、
アルミナ、ムライト、ジルコニア、コージェライト、炭化ケイ素、窒化ケイ素及び窒化アルミからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種と、
を含有し、
前記セラミックスにおけるケイ素の含有率が30質量%以上であり、
前記ケイ素は、ドーパントとしてBを含有し、
前記ハニカム構造体の体積抵抗率が、0.01Ω・cm以上5Ω・cm以下であるハニカム構造体。
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