JP2020041430A - 排気後処理装置 - Google Patents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0835—Hydrocarbons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
- F01N3/202—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means using microwaves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/101—Three-way catalysts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
- F01N3/2026—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means directly electrifying the catalyst substrate, i.e. heating the electrically conductive catalyst substrate by joule effect
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/18—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an adsorber or absorber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
- F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
- F01N2510/068—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings
- F01N2510/0684—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings having more than one coating layer, e.g. multi-layered coatings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/12—Hydrocarbons
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の第1実施形態による内燃機関100及び内燃機関100を制御する電子制御ユニット200の概略構成図である。
次に、本発明の第2実施形態について説明する。本実施形態は、吸着層352に吸着された炭化水素を、必要に応じて強制的に吸着層352から脱離させるパージ制御を実施する点で、第1実施形態と相違する。以下、この相違点を中心に説明する。
次に本発明の第3実施形態について説明する。本実施形態は、パージ制御時に炭化水素を酸化させるために必要な酸素量が不足している場合には、空気を触媒コンバータ35に供給することができるようにした点で、第2実施形態と相違する。以下、その相違点を中心に説明する。
次に本発明の第4実施形態について説明する。本実施形態は、排気後処理装置33の構成が第1実施形態と相違する。以下、その相違点を中心に説明する。
次に本発明の第5実施形態について説明する。本実施形態は、排気後処理装置33の構成が第4実施形態と相違する。以下、その相違点を中心に説明する。
次に、本発明の第6実施形態について説明する。本実施形態は、排気後処理装置33の構成が第4実施形態と相違する。以下、その相違点を中心に説明する。
100 内燃機関
200 電子制御ユニット(制御装置)
351 基材
351a 第1発熱部
351b 第2発熱部
352 吸着層
353 触媒層
Claims (10)
- 内燃機関の排気通路に設けられる排気後処理装置であって、
排気中の炭化水素を吸着する機能を有する吸着層と、
排気流れ方向において前記吸着層と同位置又は前記吸着層よりも下流側に配置され、炭化水素を酸化させる酸化機能を有する触媒層と、
熱エネルギを発生させる熱エネルギ発生体と、
を備え、
前記熱エネルギ発生体によって発生させた熱エネルギのうち、前記触媒層に供給される熱エネルギは、前記吸着層に供給される熱エネルギよりも大きい、
排気後処理装置。 - 前記触媒層に向けてマイクロ波を照射するためのマイクロ波照射装置を備え、
前記熱エネルギ発生体は、前記触媒層に含有されてマイクロ波が照射されることによって発熱するマイクロ波吸収体である、
請求項1に記載の排気後処理装置。 - 前記吸着層及び前記触媒層は、前記吸着層が下層となり、前記触媒層が上層となるように、基材の表面の同位置に層状に形成される、
請求項1又は請求項2に記載の排気後処理装置。 - 基材に通電して基材を発熱させるための電気加熱装置を備え、
前記熱エネルギ発生体は、通電されることによって発熱する前記基材であり、
前記吸着層及び前記触媒層は、前記吸着層が上層となり、前記触媒層が下層となるように、前記基材の表面の同位置に層状に形成される、
請求項1に記載の排気後処理装置。 - 基材に通電して基材を発熱させるための電気加熱装置を備え、
前記熱エネルギ発生体は、通電されることによって発熱する前記基材であり、
前記基材は、第1発熱部と、前記第1発熱部よりも排気流れ方向の下流側に形成されて前記第1発熱部よりも発生させる熱エネルギが大きい第2発熱部と、を備え、
前記吸着層は、前記第1発熱部の表面に形成され、
前記触媒層は、前記第2発熱部の表面に形成される、
請求項1に記載の排気後処理装置。 - 前記電気加熱装置は、前記第1発熱部に通電して前記第1発熱部を発熱させる第1加熱装置と、前記第2発熱部に通電して前記第2発熱部を発熱させる第2加熱装置と、を備え、
前記第1発熱部と、前記第2発熱部と、は絶縁されており、
前記第2加熱装置によって前記第2発熱部に供給される電力は、前記第1加熱装置によって前記第1発熱部に供給される電力よりも大きい、
請求項5に記載の排気後処理装置。 - 前記第2発熱部は、前記第1発熱部よりも通電時の抵抗が低い部材によって形成される、
請求項5に記載の排気後処理装置。 - 前記熱エネルギ発生体によって発生させる熱エネルギを制御する制御装置を備え、
前記制御装置は、
前記吸着層の温度が、前記吸着層から炭化水素が脱離し始める所定の脱離温度よりも低い所定の照射開始温度以上のときは、前記触媒層の温度が、前記脱離温度よりも高い温度であって酸化機能が活性化する所定の酸化活性温度以上になるまで、前記熱エネルギ発生体によって熱エネルギを発生させる、
請求項1から請求項7までのいずれか1項に記載の排気後処理装置。 - 前記制御装置は、
前記内燃機関の停止時において、前記吸着層に吸着された炭化水素の吸着量が所定の第1吸着量以上であって、前記触媒層において炭化水素を酸化させるために必要な酸素が存在するときは、前記吸着量が前記第1吸着量よりも小さい所定の第2吸着量になるまで、前記熱エネルギ発生体によって熱エネルギを発生させる、
請求項8に記載の排気後処理装置。 - 排気流れ方向において前記触媒層よりも上流側の前記排気通路に空気を供給する空気供給装置を備え、
前記制御装置は、
前記触媒層において炭化水素を酸化させるために必要な酸素が不足しているときは、前記空気供給装置によって前記排気通路に空気を供給する、
請求項9に記載の排気後処理装置。
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JP2018166938A JP7035921B2 (ja) | 2018-09-06 | 2018-09-06 | 排気後処理装置 |
US16/529,274 US10920634B2 (en) | 2018-09-06 | 2019-08-01 | Exhaust after treatment system |
EP19195665.5A EP3620625B1 (en) | 2018-09-06 | 2019-09-05 | Exhaust after treatment system |
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JP2000084365A (ja) * | 1998-09-10 | 2000-03-28 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
JP2009127579A (ja) * | 2007-11-27 | 2009-06-11 | Toyota Motor Corp | 排気浄化装置 |
JP2012154247A (ja) * | 2011-01-26 | 2012-08-16 | Denso Corp | 排気処理装置 |
US20150132188A1 (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2015-05-14 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | Combined particulate filter and hydrocarbon trap |
JP2017014969A (ja) * | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-19 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
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