JP2019218337A - 化合物及び有機膜形成用組成物 - Google Patents
化合物及び有機膜形成用組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019218337A JP2019218337A JP2019102014A JP2019102014A JP2019218337A JP 2019218337 A JP2019218337 A JP 2019218337A JP 2019102014 A JP2019102014 A JP 2019102014A JP 2019102014 A JP2019102014 A JP 2019102014A JP 2019218337 A JP2019218337 A JP 2019218337A
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- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 36
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- SKTCDJAMAYNROS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxycyclopentane Chemical compound COC1CCCC1 SKTCDJAMAYNROS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Images
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Abstract
Description
即ち、本発明は、下記一般式(1−1)で示される化合物である(以下、化合物(1)とする)。
このようなAR1、AR2としては、例えば、置換基を有してもよいベンゼン環、ナフタレン環、チオフェン環、ピリジン環等が挙げられる。置換基としては、例えば、アルキル基、アルコキシ基等が挙げられる。
本発明の化合物(2)、すなわち上記一般式(1−2)で表される化合物の製造方法の一例を以下に示す。ただし、化合物(2)の製造方法はこれに限定されない。
まず、下記ケトン化合物(i)に対する有機金属試薬(ii)の付加反応により(iii)を得、(iii)にナフトールを反応させて化合物(iv)、特には上記一般式(1−4)で表される化合物(4)を中間体として得る経路によることができる。更に、この中間体(iv)を3−ハロゲン化プロピン(ハロゲン化プロパルギル)と反応して化合物(v)、特には上記一般式(1−5)で表される化合物を続く中間体として得、これをメチル化して下記一般式(1−2)を得ることができる。あるいは、中間体である化合物(iv)、特には上記一般式(1−4)と、1−ハロゲン化−2−ブチン(ハロゲン化メチルプロパルギル)を反応させて下記一般式(1−2)を得ることもできる。
本発明の一般式(1−2)で表される化合物は、三重構造を有するため無酸素条件下でも熱硬化し、且つ複数の芳香環を効果的に配置することでより高い耐熱性を実現している。従って、不活性ガス中での硬化成膜が求められ、その際に副生成物が発生しないというリソグラフィー用有機下層膜に好適な化合物となる。更に、同じ三重結合を有するプロパルギル基に比べた場合、メチルプロパルギル基を有する本発明の化合物は材料の熱流動性が向上していること、また、熱硬化しはじめる温度が高いことから、加熱成膜時における化合物の熱流動がより起こりやすくなっている。この特性は、基板上に形成されたパターンの埋め込み特性や平坦化特性の向上に寄与する。
また、本発明では、有機膜形成用の組成物であって、(A)上記一般式(1−1)で示される本発明の化合物及び(B)有機溶剤を含有する有機膜形成用組成物を提供する。なお、本発明の有機膜形成用組成物において、上述した本発明の一般式(1−1)で示される化合物は、1種を単独で又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。
有機膜を形成するための加熱成膜工程は、1段ベーク、2段ベークまたは3段以上の多段ベークを適用することが出来るが、1段ベークまたは2段ベークが経済的に好ましい。1段ベークによる成膜は、100℃以上600℃以下の温度で5〜3600秒間の範囲、特には150℃以上500℃以下の温度で10〜7200秒間の範囲で行うのが好ましい。このような条件で熱処理することで、熱流動による平坦化と架橋反応を促進させることが出来る。多層レジスト法ではこの得られた膜の上に塗布型ケイ素中間膜やCVDハードマスクを形成する場合がある。塗布型ケイ素中間膜を適用する場合は、ケイ素中間膜を成膜する温度より高い温度で有機下層膜を成膜することが好ましい。通常、ケイ素中間膜は100℃以上400℃以下、好ましくは150℃以上350℃以下で成膜される。この温度より高い温度で有機下層膜を成膜すると、ケイ素中間膜形成用組成物による有機下層膜の溶解を防ぎ、当該組成物とミキシングしない有機膜を形成することができる。また、ケイ素中間膜形成中に有機下層膜が熱分解を起こし副生成物を生じる恐れがない。
[ケイ素含有レジスト中間膜を用いた3層レジスト法]
被加工基板上に本発明の有機膜形成用組成物を用いて有機膜を形成し、該有機膜の上にケイ素原子を含有する膜形成材料を用いてケイ素含有膜を形成し、該ケイ素含有膜の上にフォトレジスト組成物からなるレジスト上層膜材料を用いてレジスト上層膜を形成し、該レジスト上層膜に回路パターンを形成し、該回路パターンが形成されたレジスト上層膜をマスクにして前記ケイ素含有膜にエッチングでパターンを転写し、該パターンが転写されたケイ素含有膜をマスクにして前記有機膜にエッチングでパターンを転写し、更に、該パターンが転写された有機膜をマスクにして前記被加工基板にエッチングでパターンを転写するパターン形成方法が可能である。
また、被加工基板上に本発明の有機膜形成用組成物を用いて有機膜を形成し、該有機膜の上にケイ素原子を含有するレジスト中間膜材料を用いてケイ素含有レジスト中間膜を形成し、該ケイ素含有レジスト中間膜の上に有機反射防止膜を形成し、該有機反射防止膜上にフォトレジスト組成物からなるレジスト上層膜材料を用いてレジスト上層膜を形成し、該レジスト上層膜に回路パターンを形成し、該回路パターンが形成されたレジスト上層膜をマスクにして前記有機反射防止膜と前記ケイ素含有レジスト中間膜にドライエッチングでパターンを転写し、該パターンが転写されたケイ素含有レジスト中間膜をマスクにして前記有機膜にエッチングでパターンを転写し、更に、該パターンが転写された有機膜をマスクにして前記被加工基板にエッチングでパターンを転写するパターン形成方法も可能である。
また、本発明の有機膜形成用組成物を用いた3層レジスト法によるパターン形成方法として、被加工基板上に上述の本発明の有機膜形成用組成物を用いて有機膜を形成し、該有機膜の上にケイ素酸化膜、ケイ素窒化膜、ケイ素酸化窒化膜、チタン酸化膜、及びチタン窒化膜から選ばれる無機ハードマスクを形成し、該無機ハードマスクの上にフォトレジスト組成物からなるレジスト上層膜材料を用いてレジスト上層膜を形成し、該レジスト上層膜に回路パターンを形成し、該回路パターンが形成されたレジスト上層膜をマスクにして前記無機ハードマスクにエッチングでパターンを転写し、該パターンが転写された無機ハードマスクをマスクにして前記有機膜にエッチングでパターンを転写し、更に、該パターンが転写された有機膜をマスクにして前記被加工基板にエッチングでパターンを転写するパターン形成方法も可能である。
また、本発明の有機膜形成用組成物を用いた4層レジスト法によるパターン形成方法として、被加工基板上に上述の本発明の有機膜形成用組成物を用いて有機膜を形成し、該有機膜の上にケイ素酸化膜、ケイ素窒化膜、及びケイ素酸化窒化膜から選ばれる無機ハードマスクを形成し、該無機ハードマスクの上に有機反射防止膜を形成し、該有機反射防止膜上にフォトレジスト組成物からなるレジスト上層膜材料を用いてレジスト上層膜を形成し、該レジスト上層膜に回路パターンを形成し、該回路パターンが形成されたレジスト上層膜をマスクにして前記有機反射防止膜と前記無機ハードマスクにエッチングでパターンを転写し、該パターンが転写された無機ハードマスクをマスクにして前記有機膜にエッチングでパターンを転写し、更に、該パターンが転写された有機膜をマスクにして前記被加工基板にエッチングでパターンを転写するパターン形成方法も可能である。
[合成例1]化合物(A1)の合成
ν=3057、3029、2954、2916、2867、1601、1494、1476、1446、1217、1005、819cm−1
1H NMR(600 MHz,DMSO−d6)δ7.94(d,J=7.3Hz,4H),7.71(d,J=9.2Hz,2H),7.60(d,J=9.2Hz,2H),7.51−7.45(m,10H),7.41−7.38(m,4H),7.31−7.28(m,6H),7.28−7.15(m,6H),7.08−7.06(m,2H),4.80(d,J=2.3Hz,4H),1.79(dd,J=2.3,2.3Hz,6H).
(A1):Mw=1000、Mw/Mn=1.23
次いで、N2雰囲気下で−30℃まで冷却したプロパルギル体(B2)8.4gとテトラヒドロフラン60mLの混合液に、n−ブチルリチウム2.65Mヘキサン溶液10mLを加え、−30℃で1時間撹拌した。硫酸ジメチル4.4gを加え、徐々に室温に昇温し、60℃まで昇温して6時間撹拌した。室温まで冷却後、希塩酸を加えて反応を停止した。メチルイソブチルケトン100gを加え、水洗、減圧濃縮後、メタノールを加え、生じた固体をろ取、メタノール洗浄、減圧乾燥し、目的物(A1)8.5gを得た。合成した化合物(A1)のIR、1H NMR分析結果を以下に示す。
ν=3058、3029、2954、2917、2868、1602、1494、1477、1446、1218、1005、819cm−1
1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO−d6)δ7.94(d,J=7.3Hz,4H),7.71(d,J=9.2Hz,2H),7.60(d,J=9.2Hz,2H),7.51−7.45(m,10H),7.41−7.38(m,4H),7.31−7.28(m,6H),7.28−7.15(m,6H),7.08−7.06(m,2H),4.80(d,J=2.3Hz,4H),1.79(dd,J=2.3,2.3Hz,6H).
(A1):Mw=1000、Mw/Mn=1.32
4,4’−ジヒドロキシベンゾフェノン8.78g、アセトン50mLを混合し、炭酸カリウム17gを加え、さらに1−ブロモ−2−ブチン7.9mLを滴下した。反応混合物を加熱して、終夜加熱還流した。室温まで冷却後、ろ過を行い、ろ液を減圧濃縮後、メタノール:クロロホルム=9:1の混合溶媒を加え、生じた固体をろ取し、下記で示される中間体(B3)10.6gを得た。合成した中間体(B3)の1H NMR分析結果を以下に示す。
N2雰囲気下で2−クロロニコチン酸エチル25g、フェニルボロン酸21.04g、テトラキス(トリフェニルホスフィン)パラジウム(0)3g、炭酸カリウム55.1g、テトラヒドロフラン:水=1:1混合液250mLを混合し、加熱還流にて終夜撹拌した。室温に冷却後、酢酸エチル200mLを加え、水層を除去し、蒸留水(2×100mL)で洗浄した。得られた有機層を硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥し、減圧濃縮した。得られた油状物質をシリカで濾過し、メタノール150mLに溶解した。この溶液に水酸化ナトリウム10.8gを加え、室温にて6時間撹拌した。反応溶液を減圧濃縮し、得られた白色固体を水で希釈し、1M塩酸を加えてpH=4−5にした。生じた白色結晶をを濾別して、下記の化合物(B4)を得た。得られた水層を酢酸エチル(2×100mL)で抽出し、有機層を合わせ、硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、ろ過し、減圧濃縮をして残りの化合物(B4)を得た。化合物(B4)は合計で21.46g得た。合成した中間体化合物(B4)の1H NMR分析結果を以下に示す。
(A3):Mw=500、Mw/Mn=1.14
[比較合成例1]化合物(A4)の合成
ジオール(B1)7.7g、炭酸カリウム3.0g、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド40gを混合し、55℃まで昇温した。プロパルギルブロマイド80%トルエン溶液3.3gをゆっくり滴下して、55℃で14時間加熱撹拌した。室温まで冷却後、トルエン150gを加え、水洗、減圧濃縮し、プロパルギル体(A4)8.4gを得た。
9,9−フルオレニリデン―ビスナフトール90.1g、37%ホルマリン水溶液10.5g、及び2−メトキシ−1−プロパノール270gを窒素雰囲気下、内温80℃で均一溶液とした後、20%パラトルエンスルホン酸2−メトキシ−1−プロパノール溶液18gをゆっくり加え、内温110℃で8時間撹拌した。室温まで冷却後、メチルイソブチルケトン600gを加え、有機層を純水200gで5回洗浄後、有機層を減圧乾固した。残渣にTHF400mlを加え、ヘキサン2,000mlでポリマーを再沈させた。沈降したポリマーをろ過で分別し減圧乾燥して化合物(A5)を得た。
(A5):Mw=3700、Mw/Mn=2.82
窒素雰囲気下、マグネシウム26.4g(1.09mol)を秤量した5Lの4つ口フラスコ内に脱水THF(テトラヒドロフラン)1,000mlで予め溶解した4,4’−ジブロモビフェニル168g(0.54mol)、塩化リチウム23.0g(0.54mol)をマグネシウムが浸る程度に加えた。ジブロモエタンを少量加え、反応をスタートさせた後、発熱を維持したまま残りのTHF溶液を3時間かけ滴下した。滴下終了後、THF500mlを加え、還流下で8時間熟成してGrignard試薬を調製した。内温55℃まで冷却した後、予め脱水THF400mlに溶解した9−フルオレノン150g(0.83mol)を2時間かけ滴下した。滴下終了後、還流下で5時間半熟成を行い、氷浴でフラスコを冷却し、飽和塩化アンモニウム水溶液1,000mlと純水1,000mlで反応をクエンチした。このとき溶液は白色の析出物が生じ、懸濁液となった。反応溶液にMIBK(メチルイソブチルケトン)150mlを追加し、懸濁液のまま分液ロートに移し変え、水層を抜き出し、更に純水500mlで分液水洗を行った後、有機層を減圧濃縮した。ジイソプロピルエーテルで再結晶を行い、生じた白色の結晶を濾別し、乾燥することでビフェニル誘導体(B9)を109g、収率51.0%で得た。
IR(D−ATR):ν=3539,3064,3039,1605,1495,1447,1164,1030,909,820,771,754,736cm−1。
1H−NMR(600MHz inDMSO−d6):δ=6.34(2H,−OH,s),7.24(4H,t),7.27(8H,d),7.36(4H,t−t),7.45(4H,d),7.81(4H,d)ppm。
13C−NMR(150MHzinDMSO−d6):δ=82.44,120.10,124.66,125.66,126.28,128.07,128.51,138.41,139.14,144.19,151.23ppm。
IR(KBr):ν=3528,3389,3059,3030,1633,1604,
1506,1493,1446,1219,1181,750,740cm−1。
1H−NMR(600MHz inDMSO−d6):δ=6.98(2H,d−d),7.05(2H,s−d),7.17(4H,d),7.24(2H,d−d),7.29(4H,t),7.38(4H,t),7.40(2H,s),7.45(4H,d),7.50(6H,d),7.58(2H,d),7.93(4H,d),9.72(2H,−OH,s)ppm。
13C−NMR(150MHz inDMSO−d6):δ=64.59,108.35,118.77,120.58,125.19,126.11,126.36,126.62,126.94,127.16,127.71,127.88,128.20,129.35,133.39,138.14,139.26,139.59,144.82,150.56,155.39ppm。
上記化合物(A1)〜(A6)、添加剤として架橋剤(CR1)、酸発生剤(AG1)、溶剤(S1)1,6−ジアセトキシヘキサン(沸点260℃)、または(S2)トリプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル(沸点242℃)をプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート(PGMEA)、FC−4430(住友スリーエム(株)製)0.1質量%を含む溶媒中に表1に示す割合で溶解させ、0.1μmのフッ素樹脂製のフィルターで濾過することによって有機膜形成用組成物(UDL−1〜5、比較UDL−1〜4)をそれぞれ調製した。
上記で調製した有機膜形成用組成物(UDL−1〜5、比較UDL−1〜4)をシリコン基板上に塗布し、酸素濃度が0.2%以下に管理された窒素気流下400℃で60秒間焼成した後、膜厚を測定し、その上にPGMEA溶媒をディスペンスし、30秒間放置しスピンドライ、100℃で60秒間ベークしてPGMEAを蒸発させ、膜厚を測定しPGMEA処理前後の膜厚差を求めた。
上記で調製した有機膜形成用組成物(UDL−1〜5、比較UDL−1〜4)をシリコン基板上に塗布し、大気中350℃で60秒間焼成した後、膜厚を測定し、その上にPGMEA溶媒をディスペンスし、30秒間放置しスピンドライ、100℃で60秒間ベークしてPGMEAを蒸発させ、膜厚を測定しPGMEA処理前後の膜厚差を求めた。
図3のように密集ホールパターン(ホール直径0.16μm、ホール深さ0.50μm、隣り合う二つのホールの中心間の距離0.32μm)を有するSiO2ウエハー基板上に上記の有機膜形成用組成物(UDL−1〜5、比較UDL−1〜4)をそれぞれ塗布し、ホットプレートを用いて酸素濃度が0.2%以下に管理された窒素気流下400℃で60秒間焼成し、有機膜8を形成した。使用した基板は図3(G)(俯瞰図)及び(H)(断面図)に示すような密集ホールパターンを有する下地基板7(SiO2ウエハー基板)である。得られた各ウエハー基板の断面形状を、走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)を用いて観察し、ホール内部にボイド(空隙)なく、有機膜で充填されているかどうかを確認した。結果を表4に示す。埋め込み特性に劣る有機膜形成用組成物を用いた場合は、本評価において、ホール内部にボイドが発生する。埋め込み特性が良好な有機膜形成用組成物を用いた場合は、本評価において、図3(I)に示されるようにホール内部にボイドなく有機膜が充填される。
図4に示される巨大孤立トレンチパターン(図4(J)、トレンチ幅10μm、トレンチ深さ0.10μm)を有する下地基板9(SiO2ウエハー基板)上に有機膜形成用組成物(UDL−1〜5、比較UDL−1〜4)をそれぞれ塗布し、酸素濃度が0.2%以下に管理された窒素気流下、400℃で60秒間焼成した。トレンチ部分と非トレンチ部分の有機膜10の段差(図4(K)中のdelta10)を、パークシステムズ社製NX10原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)を用いて観察した。結果を表5に示す。本評価において、段差が小さいほど、平坦化特性が良好であるといえる。なお、本評価では、深さ0.10μmのトレンチパターンを通常膜厚約0.2μmの有機膜形成用組成物を用いて平坦化している。平坦化特性の優劣を評価するために厳しい条件を採用している。
上記の有機膜形成用組成物(UDL−1〜5、比較UDL−1〜4)をそれぞれシリコン基板上に塗布し、大気中、180℃で焼成して115nmの塗布膜を形成し、膜厚を測定した。更に、この基板を酸素濃度が0.2%以下に管理された窒素気流下にて400℃で焼成し、膜厚を測定した(実施例5−1〜5−5、比較例5−1〜5−4)。これらの結果を表6に示す。
上記の有機膜形成用組成物(UDL−1〜5、比較UDL−1〜4)を、それぞれ300nmのSiO2膜が形成されているシリコンウエハー基板上に塗布し、酸素濃度が0.2%以下に管理された窒素気流下にて400℃で60秒焼成し、有機膜(レジスト下層膜)を形成した。その上にCVD−SiONハードマスクを形成し、更に、有機反射防止膜材料(ARC−29A:日産化学社製)を塗布して210℃で60秒間ベークして膜厚80nmの有機反射防止膜を形成し、その上にレジスト上層膜材料のArF用単層レジストを塗布し、105℃で60秒間ベークして膜厚100nmのフォトレジスト膜を形成した。フォトレジスト膜上に液浸保護膜材料(TC−1)を塗布し90℃で60秒間ベークし膜厚50nmの保護膜を形成した。
チャンバー圧力10.0Pa
RFパワー1,500W
CF4ガス流量75sccm
O2ガス流量15sccm
時間15sec
チャンバー圧力2.0Pa
RFパワー500W
Arガス流量75sccm
O2ガス流量45sccm
時間120sec
チャンバー圧力2.0Pa
RFパワー2,200W
C5F12ガス流量20sccm
C2F6ガス流量10sccm
Arガス流量300sccm
O260sccm
時間90sec
トレンチパターン(トレンチ幅10μm、トレンチ深さ0.10μm)を有するSiO2ウエハー基板上に、上記の有機膜形成用組成物(UDL−1〜5、比較UDL−1〜4)をそれぞれ塗布し、酸素濃度が0.2%以下に管理された窒素気流下にて400℃で60秒焼成した以外は、実施例6と同じ方法で積層膜を形成し、パターニング、ドライエッチングを行ない、出来上がったパターンの形状を観察した。
3…有機膜、 3’…有機膜形成用組成物、 3a…有機膜パターン、
4…ケイ素含有レジスト中間膜、 4a…ケイ素含有レジスト中間膜パターン、
5…レジスト上層膜、 5a…レジスト上層膜パターン、 6…露光部分、
7…密集ホールパターンを有する下地基板、 8…有機膜、
9…巨大孤立トレンチパターンを有する下地基板、 10…有機膜、
delta10…トレンチ部分と非トレンチ部分の有機膜の膜厚の差。
Claims (9)
- 下記一般式(1−1)で示される化合物。
- 有機膜形成用の組成物であって、(A)下記一般式(1−1)で示される化合物、及び(B)有機溶剤を含有するものであることを特徴とする有機膜形成用組成物。
- 更に、(C)酸発生剤、(D)界面活性剤、(E)架橋剤、及び(F)可塑剤のうち1種以上を含有するものであることを特徴とする請求項4から請求項6のいずれか一項に記載の有機膜形成用組成物。
- 下記一般式(1−4)で示される化合物。
- 下記一般式(1−5)で示される化合物。
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