JP2018508952A - 電解質形成方法 - Google Patents
電解質形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018508952A JP2018508952A JP2017541306A JP2017541306A JP2018508952A JP 2018508952 A JP2018508952 A JP 2018508952A JP 2017541306 A JP2017541306 A JP 2017541306A JP 2017541306 A JP2017541306 A JP 2017541306A JP 2018508952 A JP2018508952 A JP 2018508952A
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- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title description 6
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 44
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 13
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000002902 bimodal effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 5
- DAFHKNAQFPVRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethylpentyl) 2-methylpropanoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)C(C)(C)COC(=O)C(C)C DAFHKNAQFPVRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910021526 gadolinium-doped ceria Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 oxygen ion Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NKCVNYJQLIWBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonodiperoxoic acid Chemical group OOC(=O)OO NKCVNYJQLIWBHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010296 bead milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002001 electrolyte material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002076 stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910002484 Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020599 Co 3 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXXHJRBHKGKRGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Gd].[Ce] Chemical compound [Gd].[Ce] VXXHJRBHKGKRGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CCC(C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021525 ceramic electrolyte Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004814 ceramic processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- SBLDRQWVOSCPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);carbonate;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Ce+3].[O-]C([O-])=O SBLDRQWVOSCPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001430 chromium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010344 co-firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007729 constrained sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N delta-terpineol Natural products CC(C)(O)C1CCC(=C)CC1 SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- MWFSXYMZCVAQCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium(iii) nitrate Chemical compound [Gd+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MWFSXYMZCVAQCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010416 ion conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037427 ion transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010405 reoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005382 thermal cycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/124—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/1213—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the electrode/electrolyte combination or the supporting material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/124—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
- H01M8/1246—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides
- H01M8/126—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides the electrolyte containing cerium oxide
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/1286—Fuel cells applied on a support, e.g. miniature fuel cells deposited on silica supports
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0068—Solid electrolytes inorganic
- H01M2300/0071—Oxides
- H01M2300/0074—Ion conductive at high temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0088—Composites
- H01M2300/0094—Composites in the form of layered products, e.g. coatings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
・移動可能な酸素イオンの形態でカソード(正の空気極)とアノード(負の燃料極)間に電流が流れることを可能にすること。
・セル内での内部短絡を引き起こしうる電子の形態での電極間の電流の通過を妨げること。
・燃料と空気の混合を防止すること、すなわち、電解質は理論密度の少なくとも95%である必要があり、相互接続空隙がなく、そのため電解質層がガス不透過性であり、欠陥が実質的にないこと。
・いくつかのセル(例えば英国特許第2,368,450号に定義されている本出願人のセルなど)は、セルの電気化学の近傍で燃料側反応物と酸化剤側反応物が混合するのを防止するために、電極の1つ(名目上はアノード)の周りの金属基材に接着させることにより気密エッジシールを備えること。
・金属基材の過度の酸化をもたらさない温度(フェライト系ステンレススチール基材を使用するCeres Power設計で典型的には1100℃未満)で電解質層を理論密度の>95%に焼結させること。
・非収縮性金属支持体上に電解質層を焼結させること。これは、焼結収縮が一次元に制約されることを意味し、焼結時の収縮制限が、制約がない等方性焼結に比べて緻密化を阻害することが知られている。
・セラミック層に欠陥を導入することまたは誘発させることを防止する堆積法を開発すること。
a.ドープセリアグリーン電解質をアノード層に適用する工程;
b.グリーン電解質からいかなる溶媒および有機物も除去する工程;
c.グリーン電解質をプレスしてグリーン電解質密度を増加させる工程;および
d.800〜1000℃の温度範囲内の間に5〜20℃/分の範囲内の昇温速度でグリーン電解質を加熱して電解質を形成する工程;
のうちの少なくとも1つを含む方法が提供される。
a.多くの場合、独立に15〜40m2/gの範囲内のBET表面積、多くの場合、ほぼ球状の形態を有するドープセリア粉末(典型的にはガドリニウムドープセリア粉末)を、多くの場合、TMO焼結助剤であって、典型的には、1〜10μmの範囲内の粒度を有するTMO焼結助剤、および、多くの場合、溶媒と組み合わせて、スラリーを形成する工程;
b.必要に応じて、スラリーをミリングして二峰性粒度分布のドープセリア粉末を生成させる工程;
c.必要に応じて、分散剤、バインダーおよび界面活性剤のうちの1種または2種以上を必要に応じてスラリーに添加することによって、インク、典型的にはスクリーン印刷可能なインクを形成する工程;
d.金属基材にアノード層を適用する工程、前記金属基材は、必要に応じて非穿孔領域により囲まれた穿孔領域を含み、独立に必要に応じてスチール基材である;
e.必要に応じて、アノード層を焼成する工程;
f.ドープセリアグリーン電解質を、必要に応じて複数層で、アノード層に適用する工程;
g.グリーン電解質からいかなる溶媒および有機物も除去する工程であって、必要に応じて100〜250℃の範囲内の温度で必要に応じて溶媒の蒸発によって、必要に応じて250〜500℃の範囲内の温度に必要に応じて5〜20分間の範囲内の時間加熱することより必要に応じて有機物の分解によって、グリーン電解質から溶媒および有機物を除去する工程;
h.グリーン電解質をプレスしてグリーン電解質の密度を増加させる工程であって、必要に応じて50〜500MPaの範囲内の圧力を印加することによりグリーン電解質をプレスしてグリーン電解質の密度を増加させ、圧力が必要に応じて冷間等方圧プレス、一軸ブラダープレスまたはこれらの組み合わせを使用して印加される工程;
i.必要に応じて、アノードも電極材料も適用されていない金属支持体の部分の少なくとも一部に素材を適用して電解質の焼結中に金属支持体の少なくともその部分を平坦に保つ工程;および
j.グリーン電解質を800〜1000℃の温度範囲内の間に5〜20℃/分の範囲内の昇温速度で、必要に応じて20〜120分間の範囲内の全加熱時間で加熱して電解質を形成する工程。
Claims (20)
- 金属支持型固体酸化物燃料電池用の電解質を形成する方法であって、
a.ドープセリアグリーン電解質をアノード層に適用する工程;
b.前記グリーン電解質からいかなる溶媒および有機物も除去する工程;
c.前記グリーン電解質をプレスしてグリーン電解質密度を増加させる工程;および
d.800〜1000℃の温度範囲内の間に5〜20℃/分の範囲内の昇温速度で前記グリーン電解質を加熱して電解質を形成する工程;
を含む方法。 - スクリーン印刷可能なインクから前記ドープセリアグリーン電解質を形成するさらなる工程を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アノード層が金属基材に適用されたものである、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記金属基材が、非穿孔領域によって囲まれた穿孔領域を含む、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記グリーン電解質からいかなる溶媒および有機物も除去する前記工程が、溶媒を蒸発させることを含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- いかなる溶媒および有機物も除去する前記工程が、有機物が分解するまで、前記グリーン電解質を、250〜500℃の範囲内の温度に加熱することを含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記アノード層が焼結アノード層である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記アノード層がグリーンアノード層であり、前記グリーンアノード層およびグリーン電解質が単一焼成工程で焼結される、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記グリーン電解質が、前記アノード層上に複数層に前記ドープセリア電解質を適用し、各層の適用の間に乾燥させることにより形成された複数の電解質層を含む、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記グリーン電解質をプレスする工程が50〜500MPaの範囲内の圧力の適用を含む、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記電解質が前記アノード層および前記金属支持体を覆う、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程d.の焼結温度が1100℃未満である、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程d.の焼結プロセスが空気中で実施される、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記圧力が、冷間等方圧プレスまたは一軸ブラダープレスを使用して適用される、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 燃料電池を形成する方法であって、請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載の方法を使用して金属支持型アノード層上に電解質を形成すること、および、前記電解質にカソード材料を適用すること、を含む方法。
- 請求項1〜14のいずれか一項の記載の方法により得られた電解質。
- 請求項16に記載の電解質を含む燃料電池。
- 請求項17に記載の燃料電池を少なくとも2つ含む燃料電池スタック。
- 電気エネルギーの生成における請求項16または14に記載の燃料電池または燃料電池スタックの使用。
- 図面を参照して本明細書に実質的に記載したとおりの、方法、電解質、燃料電池、燃料電池スタックおよび使用。
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