JP2017001945A - 合成ガーネット材料、改質された合成ガーネット組成物、および合成ガーネットを製造する方法 - Google Patents
合成ガーネット材料、改質された合成ガーネット組成物、および合成ガーネットを製造する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017001945A JP2017001945A JP2016117873A JP2016117873A JP2017001945A JP 2017001945 A JP2017001945 A JP 2017001945A JP 2016117873 A JP2016117873 A JP 2016117873A JP 2016117873 A JP2016117873 A JP 2016117873A JP 2017001945 A JP2017001945 A JP 2017001945A
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- Prior art keywords
- garnet
- synthetic garnet
- dielectric constant
- synthetic
- bismuth
- Prior art date
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- Granted
Links
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- MTRJKZUDDJZTLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron yttrium Chemical compound [Fe].[Y] MTRJKZUDDJZTLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 56
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 47
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 34
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 23
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 11
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 divalent (+2) Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005549 size reduction Methods 0.000 description 4
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 2
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XPFAJCSMHOQBQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminoacetic acid;nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O.NCC(O)=O XPFAJCSMHOQBQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910015902 Bi 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JNDMLEXHDPKVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;oxygen(2-);yttrium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Y+3] JNDMLEXHDPKVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HHFAWKCIHAUFRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxide Chemical compound CC[O-] HHFAWKCIHAUFRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001447 ferric ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005293 ferrimagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005350 ferromagnetic resonance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001938 gadolinium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940075613 gadolinium oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CMIHHWBVHJVIGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Gd+3].[Gd+3] CMIHHWBVHJVIGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZPDRQAVGXHVGTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallium;gadolinium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ga+3].[Gd+3] ZPDRQAVGXHVGTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000462 isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000608 laser ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- SWAIALBIBWIKKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium titanium Chemical compound [Li].[Ti] SWAIALBIBWIKKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium pentoxide Inorganic materials O=[Nb](=O)O[Nb](=O)=O ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006259 organic additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052566 spinel group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005118 spray pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QWVYNEUUYROOSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioxido(oxo)vanadium;yttrium(3+) Chemical compound [Y+3].[O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O QWVYNEUUYROOSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003826 uniaxial pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019901 yttrium aluminum garnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
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- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G29/00—Compounds of bismuth
- C01G29/006—Compounds containing, besides bismuth, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
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- C04B35/26—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on ferrites
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- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/26—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on ferrites
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- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
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Abstract
Description
優先権出願の引用による援用
本願は、2015年6月15日に出願され、「超高誘電率ガーネット」(ULTRA HIGH DIELECTRIC CONSTANT GARNET)と題された米国仮出願第62/175,873号、および2016年5月31日に出願され、「超高誘電率ガーネット」と題された米国仮出願第62/343,685号の利益から主張する。当該仮出願は各々、その全体がここに引用により援用される。
分野
本開示は一般に、超高誘電率を有する改質されたガーネット、およびそのような改質されたガーネットの用途に関する。
携帯電話、生物医学装置、およびRFIDセンサなどの電子装置における構成要素として、磁気特性を有するさまざまな結晶材料が使用されてきた。ガーネットは、マイクロ波領域の低周波数部分で動作するRFエレクトロニクスにおいて特に有用なフェリ磁性を有する結晶材料である。多くのマイクロ波磁性材料は、イットリウム鉄ガーネット(Yttrium Iron Garnet:YIG)の誘導体である。YIGは、主としてその強磁性共鳴周波数での狭い線幅といったその好ましい磁気特性ゆえに、さまざまな電気通信装置において広く使用されている、ガーネットの合成型である。YIGは概してイットリウム、鉄および酸素で構成され、場合によっては、1つ以上の他の希土類金属、たとえばランタニドまたはスカンジウムなどでドープされる。
十二面体位置を含む構造を備える、合成ガーネット材料であって、ビスマスが十二面体位置の少なくとも一部を占め、ガーネット材料の誘電率値は少なくとも31である、合成ガーネット材料の実施形態が、ここに開示される。
合成ガーネット(または、一般にフェライト/フェライトガーネット)、それらを製造する方法、およびそのような合成ガーネットの用途の実施形態が、ここに開示される。特に、ガーネットの他の磁気的または電気的局面への悪影響を体験することなく材料の全体的な誘電率を増加させるために、過剰量のビスマス原子をガーネット格子構造に組込むことができる。特に、ビスマス置換強磁性ガーネットは、焼結されたセラミックとして向上した誘電率を示す場合があり、商用無線インフラストラクチャ装置においてアイソレータおよびサーキュレータを小型化するために特に有用となり、それによって装置の全体的な設置面積を減少させる。また、材料は高磁化を維持でき、以前には実現できなかった範囲において高周波用途にとって理想的になる。
材料の誘電率を増加させるために、イットリウム鉄ガーネット(YIG)といった合成ガーネット組成物を改質する方法が、ここに開示される。しかしながら、イットリウムアルミニウムガーネットまたはガドリニウムガリウムガーネットといった他の合成ガーネットも同様に使用可能であること、およびその特定のガーネットは限定的ではないことが理解されるであろう。高誘電率(および/または他の有利な特性)を有する合成ガーネット材料、材料を生成する方法、ならびに、そのような材料を取入れた装置およびシステムも、ここに開示される。
高い磁化レベルも有しつつ非常に高い誘電率を有し、高周波用途にとって特に有用となる改質された合成ガーネットが、ここに開示される。特に、ガーネットの磁気電気特性を向上させつつ他の磁気電気特性を減少させないために、増加した量のビスマスを、他の元素からの平衡電荷とともに、結晶構造に添加することができる。
改質された合成ガーネット材料の調製は、公知のセラミック手法を使用することによって達成され得る。プロセスフローの特定の一例を図3に示す。
上に開示されたものなどの合成ガーネット組成物を利用する無線周波数(RF)用途は、比較的小さい磁気共鳴線幅を有するフェライト装置を含み得る。RF用途はまた、希土類含有量が減少した、または実質的にないガーネット組成物を有する、もしくは当該ガーネット組成物に関する、装置、方法、および/またはシステムを含み得る。ここに説明されるように、そのようなガーネット組成物は、比較的高い誘電率を生み出すように構成可能であり、そのような特徴は、有利な機能性を提供するために利用可能である。上に参照して説明された組成物、装置、および方法の少なくとも一部はそのような実現化例に適用され得る、ということが理解されるであろう。
過去には、式Bi(3−2x)Ca2xFe5−xVxO12を有する単結晶材料が成長され、式中、xは1.25であった。(1〜2GHzの範囲にあるいくつかの同調フィルタおよび共鳴器にとって好適である)約600ガウスの4πMs値が得られ、線幅は約1エルステッドで、システムについての低い固有磁気損失を示す。しかしながら、式においてBi置換のレベルは約0.5しかなかった。
ここに説明されるように、希土類含有量が減少した、または希土類を含有しないガーネットを形成することができ、そのようなガーネットは、RF用途などの用途のための装置での使用にとって望ましい特性を有することができる。いくつかの実現化例では、そのような装置は、Bi+3イオンの一意的な特性を利用するように構成可能である。たとえば、Bi+3イオン上の電子の「孤立対」は、イオン分極率、ひいては誘電率を高めることができる。
ここに説明されるように、希土類含有量が減少した、または希土類を含有しないガーネットを有するフェライト装置は、高誘電率特性を含むように構成可能である。RF用途に適用されるような誘電率に関するさまざまな設計上の考慮事項を、これから説明する。いくつかの実現化例では、高誘電率を有するガーネットを利用するそのような設計は、希土類を含有しない構成を伴ってもよく、必ずしも伴わなくてもよい。
数式2の例示的な関係は、円形ディスク形状のフェライトの文脈におけるものである。三角形状の共鳴器については、同じ導波路表現を使用できるが、この場合、円形ディスクの場合での半径の代わりに、3.63×λ/2πに等しいA(三角形の高さ)が当てはまる。
ここに説明されるように、フェライトのサイズは、ガーネット構造に関連付けられた誘電率を増加させることによって著しく減少させることができる。また、ここに説明されるように、適切なビスマス置換によって、イットリウムが減少した、および/または非Y希土類含有量が減少したガーネットを形成することができる。いくつかの実施形態では、そのようなガーネットは、イットリウムを含有しない、または希土類を含有しないガーネットを含み得る。増加した誘電率とイットリウムを含有しないガーネットとを有するフェライト装置を有する例示的なRF装置を、図5A〜6Bを参照して説明する。
図9〜13は、ここに説明されるような1つ以上の特徴を有するフェライト装置がどのように作製できるかの例を示す。図9は、前述の特性のうちの1つ以上を有するセラミック材料を作製するために実現され得るプロセス20を示す。ブロック21で、粉末を調製することができる。ブロック22で、調製した粉末から成形物を形成することができる。ブロック23で、形成物を焼結することができる。ブロック24で、焼結物を仕上げて、1つ以上の望ましい特性を有するセラミック完成物を生み出すことができる。
ここに説明されるような1つ以上の特徴を有する回路および装置は、無線基地局などのRF用途で実現され得る。そのような無線基地局は、RF信号の送信および/または受信を容易にするように構成された1つ以上のアンテナを含み得る。そのようなアンテナは、ここに説明されるようなサーキュレータ/アイソレータを1つ以上有する回路および装置に結合され得る。
Claims (20)
- 十二面体位置を含む構造を備える、合成ガーネット材料であって、ビスマスが前記十二面体位置の少なくとも一部を占め、前記ガーネット材料の誘電率値は少なくとも31である、合成ガーネット材料。
- 3dB線幅が80未満である、請求項1に記載の合成ガーネット材料。
- 前記構造はガドリニウムを含む、請求項1に記載の合成ガーネット材料。
- 前記構造は、1.0単位までのレベルでガドリニウムを含む、請求項3に記載の合成ガーネット材料。
- 前記合成ガーネット材料は、第2相としてシレナイトを含まない、請求項1に記載の合成ガーネット材料。
- 前記構造は、少なくとも1.4単位のビスマスを含有する、請求項1に記載の合成ガーネット材料。
- 前記構造は、1.4〜2.5単位のビスマスを含有する、請求項6に記載の合成ガーネット材料。
- 前記合成ガーネット材料の誘電率は少なくとも34である、請求項1に記載の合成ガーネット材料。
- 十二面体位置の少なくとも一部を占める少なくとも1.4単位のビスマスを有する構造を備える、合成ガーネット材料。
- 前記合成ガーネット材料の誘電率は少なくとも34である、請求項9に記載の合成ガーネット材料。
- 前記構造は、1.4〜2.5単位のビスマスを含有する、請求項9に記載の合成ガーネット材料。
- 前記ガーネット材料の誘電率は少なくとも36である、請求項1に記載の合成ガーネット材料。
- 前記ガーネット材料の磁化は1900以上である、請求項1に記載の合成ガーネット材料。
- 式BixCayGdzY3−x−y−zFe5−yZryO12によって表わされる、改質された合成ガーネット組成物。
- 0≦x≦2.5、0≦y≦1.0、および0≦z≦2.0である、請求項14に記載の改質された合成ガーネット組成物。
- 1.0<x<2.0、0.1<y<0.8、0.2<z<1.9である、請求項14に記載の改質された合成ガーネット組成物。
- 前記改質された合成ガーネット組成物の誘電率は少なくとも34である、請求項14に記載の改質された合成ガーネット組成物。
- 高誘電率を有する合成ガーネットを製造する方法であって、前記方法は、
イットリウム鉄ガーネット構造を提供するステップと、
第2相としてのシレナイトなしで改質された合成ガーネット構造を形成するために、1.4単位を上回るビスマスを前記鉄ガーネット構造に挿入するステップとを備える、合成ガーネットを製造する方法。 - 前記改質された合成ガーネットの組成は、BixCayGdzY3−x−y−zFe5−yZryO12であり、0≦x≦2.5、0≦y≦1.0、および0≦z≦2.0である、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記改質された合成ガーネットの誘電率は少なくとも34である、請求項18に記載の方法。
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CN106242547B (zh) | 2021-09-17 |
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US9771304B2 (en) | 2017-09-26 |
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GB2600643B (en) | 2022-08-17 |
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