JP2015179707A - 半導体装置およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
実施の形態の説明に先立ってトレンチゲートを有するIGBTにおいて、エミッタ層よりも深い位置にP型不純物を比較的高濃度に有する拡散層を形成した構成についてさらに説明する。
<装置構成>
図1は、本発明に係る実施の形態1のIGBT100の構成を示す断面図である。図1に示すようにIGBT100は、N型不純物を比較的低濃度(N−)に有する半導体基板1の一方の主面上に、P型不純物を有するベース層2が形成され、半導体基板1のベース層2が積層された側とは反対側の他方の主面上は、P型不純物を比較的高濃度(P+)に有するコレクタ層9が形成され、コレクタ層9の全面を覆うようにコレクタ電極13が形成されている。なお、半導体基板1は、シリコン基板でも良いし、炭化シリコン基板などのシリコン半導体より広いワイドバンドギャップを有する半導体基板でも良い。
次に、図3〜図5を用いて、IGBT100の製造方法について説明する。まず、図 3に示す工程において、N型不純物を比較的低濃度(N−)に有する半導体基板1を準備し、その一方の主面側からP型不純物としてボロン(B)をイオン注入してベース層2を形成する。なお、ベース層2の不純物濃度は、1×1017〜5×1017/cm3とし、深さは3.0μm程度とする。
次に、図1に示すIGBT100において、1つのエミッタ層5と、当該エミッタ層5に接するトレンチ分離層17と、当該トレンチ分離層17に接する拡散層6を含む領域“B”での不純物分布の一例を図6に示す。
以上説明した実施の形態1のIGBT100においては、トレンチ分離層17として、ベース層2内を厚さ方向に延在するトレンチ7内に絶縁層8が充填された構成を示したが、トレンチ7内に導電体が充填された構成であっても良い。
以上説明した実施の形態1のIGBT100においては、拡散層6の不純物濃度は5×1018〜5×1019/cm3とした例を示したが、これをさらに高くして5×1019〜5×1020/cm3としても良い。
以上説明した実施の形態1のIGBT100においては、エミッタ層5の不純物濃度は5×1018〜5×1019/cm3とした例を示したが、これをさらに高くして5×1019〜5×1020/cm3としても良い。
以上説明した実施の形態1のIGBT100においては、トレンチ分離層17の形成に際して、ベース層2をエッチングしてトレンチ7を形成し、その後、例えばCVD法によりトレンチ7内にシリコン酸化膜を充填して絶縁層8を形成することでトレンチ分離層17を得ていたが、トレンチ7を形成する代わりに、トレンチ7の形成領域に酸素イオン注入を行ってベース層2内に絶縁分離層を形成するようにしても良い。
以上説明した実施の形態1のIGBT100においては、図2を用いて説明したように拡散層6、トレンチ分離層17、エミッタ層5およびトレンチゲート18は、何れも平面視形状がストライプ状であり、Y方向に延在した構成を採っていたが、これに限定されるものではなく、図13に示すような構成を採っても良い。
図17は、本発明に係る実施の形態3のIGBT300の構成を示す平面図である。図17に示すようにIGBT300は、ストライプ状のトレンチゲート18の間に、その延在方向(Y方向)に沿って、四角形状の複数の拡散層6が間隔を開けて一列に配列され、各拡散層6を囲むようにトレンチ分離層17が配置された構成を採っている。なお、トレンチゲート18間において、拡散層6およびトレンチ分離層17以外の部分にはエミッタ層5が設けられている。なお、拡散層6の形状は四角形状に限定されず、長円形状でも良く、それに合わせてトレンチ分離層17の形状も決めれば良い。
図18は、本発明に係る実施の形態4のIGBT400の構成を示す平面図である。図18に示すようにIGBT400は、ベース層2(図示せず)の表面内に四角形状の複数の拡散層6が互いに間隔を開けて規則的に配置され、それぞれの拡散層6を囲むようにトレンチ分離層17が配置され、トレンチ分離層17を囲むようにエミッタ層5が配置され、エミッタ層5の外周をさらに囲むようにトレンチゲート18が配置された構成を採っており、トレンチゲート18で囲まれた領域が1つのIGBTセルを構成している。IGBT400では、四角形状のIGBTセルが、互いに密接して配置されることで全体的にメッシュ状をなしている。なお、拡散層6の平面視形状は四角形状に限定されず、六角形などの多角形でも良く、それに合わせてエミッタ層5およびトレンチ分離層17の形状も決めれば良い。
以上説明した実施の形態1〜4においては、本発明をIGBTへ適用した例を示したが、本発明はMOSFET(metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor)に適用することも可能であり、同様の効果を得ることができる。
Claims (13)
- 第1導電型の半導体基板の一方の主面上に配設された第2導電型の第1の半導体層と、
前記第1の半導体層を厚さ方向に貫通して前記半導体基板中に達するように複数設けられたトレンチゲートと、
前記トレンチゲート間の前記第1の半導体層の上層部に選択的に設けられた、第2導電型の第2の半導体層と、
前記第2の半導体層の側面に接し、前記第1の半導体層内を厚さ方向に延在する分離層と、
前記トレンチゲート間の前記第1の半導体層の上層部に設けられ、少なくとも1つの側面が前記トレンチゲートに接する第1導電型の第3の半導体層と、
前記第2の半導体層および前記第3の半導体層に接するように前記第1の半導体層上に配設された第1の主電極と、
前記半導体基板の前記一方の主面とは反対の他方の主面側に設けられた第2の主電極と、を備え、
前記分離層は、
前記第2の半導体層と前記第3の半導体層との間に設けられて両者を分離し、前記第2の半導体層と同じ深さ、または前記第2の半導体層よりも深い位置まで延在するように形成される、半導体装置。 - 前記第2の半導体層は、
前記第3の半導体層よりも深く形成される、請求項1記載の半導体装置。 - 前記分離層は、
前記第1の半導体層内を厚さ方向に延在するように形成されたトレンチと、
前記トレンチ内に充填された絶縁層と、を有し、
前記トレンチは、
前記第2の半導体層および前記第3の半導体層の形成時の位置合わせ精度の寸法より広い幅を有する、請求項1記載の半導体装置。 - 前記分離層は、
前記第1の半導体層内を厚さ方向に延在するように形成されたトレンチと、
前記トレンチ内に充填された導電体と、を有する、請求項1記載の半導体装置。 - 前記分離層は、
前記第1の半導体層内を厚さ方向に延在するように形成されたトレンチと、
前記トレンチの内面を覆うように形成されたシリコン酸化膜と、
前記トレンチ内に充填された導電性を有するポリシリコン層と、を有する、請求項1記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第2の半導体層の不純物濃度は5×1019〜5×1020/cm3である、請求項1記載の半導体装置。
- 前記第3の半導体層の不純物濃度は5×1019〜5×1020/cm3である、請求項1記載の半導体装置。
- 前記トレンチゲートは、
ストライプ状の平面視形状を有し、その延在方向とは直交する方向に配列され、
前記第2の半導体層および前記第3の半導体層は、
前記トレンチゲート間に、前記トレンチゲートの延在方向に沿って交互に設けられ、
前記分離層は、
前記第2の半導体層と前記第3の半導体層との間において前記トレンチゲート間に渡るように設けられる、請求項1記載の半導体装置。 - 前記トレンチゲートは、
ストライプ状の平面視形状を有し、その延在方向とは直交する方向に配列され、
前記第2の半導体層は、
前記トレンチゲート間に、前記トレンチゲートの延在方向に沿って間隔を開けて複数配列され、
前記分離層は、
前記第2の半導体層のそれぞれの周囲に設けられ、
前記第3の半導体層は、
前記トレンチゲート間において、前記第2の半導体層および前記分離層以外の部分に設けられる、請求項1記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第2の半導体層は、
前記第1の半導体層の表面内に、互いに間隔を開けて規則的に複数設けられ、
前記分離層は、
前記第2の半導体層のそれぞれの周囲に設けられ、
前記第3の半導体層は、
前記分離層を囲むように設けられ、
前記トレンチゲートは、
前記第3の半導体層の外周をさらに囲むように設けられ、
前記トレンチゲートで囲まれた領域が、互いに密接して配置される、請求項1記載の半導体装置。 - 請求項1記載の半導体装置の製造方法であって、
前記分離層は、
前記第2の半導体層を形成する前に形成される、半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記分離層は、
前記第1の半導体層内に選択的に酸素をイオン注入することで形成される、請求項11記載の半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記トレンチゲートは、
前記第1の半導体層を厚さ方向に貫通して前記半導体基板中に達するように設けられた第1のトレンチと、
前記第1のトレンチの内面を覆うように形成されたシリコン酸化膜と、
前記第1のトレンチ内に充填された導電性を有するポリシリコン層と、を有し、
前記分離層は、
前記第1の半導体層内を厚さ方向に延在するように形成された第2のトレンチと、
前記第2のトレンチの内面を覆うように形成された前記シリコン酸化膜と、
前記第2のトレンチ内に充填された前記ポリシリコン層と、を有し、
前記トレンチゲートおよび前記分離層は同時に形成される、請求項11記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
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