JP2015164178A - 有機発光素子 - Google Patents
有機発光素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015164178A JP2015164178A JP2015001211A JP2015001211A JP2015164178A JP 2015164178 A JP2015164178 A JP 2015164178A JP 2015001211 A JP2015001211 A JP 2015001211A JP 2015001211 A JP2015001211 A JP 2015001211A JP 2015164178 A JP2015164178 A JP 2015164178A
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- organic compound
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- compound
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- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 195
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 73
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 57
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 49
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 43
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 40
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002373 5 membered heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004070 6 membered heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 229
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 56
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 54
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 54
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 35
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 27
- -1 phenylpyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 26
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 22
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 10
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 9
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 8
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 8
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 8
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 8
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 238000004770 highest occupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002178 anthracenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12)* 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000002676 chrysenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=C4C=CC=CC4=C3C=CC12)* 0.000 description 3
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- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000009751 slip forming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ABMLGFPCLXTCEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(S1)=CSC1=C(c1n[s]nc11)c2n[s]nc2C1=C1SC=CS1 Chemical compound C(S1)=CSC1=C(c1n[s]nc11)c2n[s]nc2C1=C1SC=CS1 ABMLGFPCLXTCEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 0 [O-][N+](c(cc1)cc(*2)c1-c(c([N+]([O-])=O)c1)c2cc1[N+]([O-])=O)=O Chemical compound [O-][N+](c(cc1)cc(*2)c1-c(c([N+]([O-])=O)c1)c2cc1[N+]([O-])=O)=O 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001454 anthracenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical group FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 2
- SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diacetone alcohol Natural products CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O SWXVUIWOUIDPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 2
- 150000002790 naphthalenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004866 oxadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000005041 phenanthrolines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003227 poly(N-vinyl carbazole) Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)alumane Chemical class [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005499 phosphonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical class N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000553 poly(phenylenevinylene) Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003216 pyrazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003220 pyrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Substances C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003248 quinolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003252 quinoxalines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003281 rhenium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubrene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C1=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C11)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 YYMBJDOZVAITBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003303 ruthenium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
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- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940042055 systemic antimycotics triazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KBLZDCFTQSIIOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;perchlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC KBLZDCFTQSIIOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003518 tetracenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004867 thiadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003557 thiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005259 triarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007738 vacuum evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001834 xanthenyl group Chemical group C1=CC=CC=2OC3=CC=CC=C3C(C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
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- C07D209/80—[b, c]- or [b, d]-condensed
- C07D209/82—Carbazoles; Hydrogenated carbazoles
- C07D209/86—Carbazoles; Hydrogenated carbazoles with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the ring system
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- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom containing two or more pyridine rings directly linked together, e.g. bipyridyl
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- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
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- C07D213/63—One oxygen atom
- C07D213/64—One oxygen atom attached in position 2 or 6
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- C07D235/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, condensed with other rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
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- C07D235/18—Benzimidazoles; Hydrogenated benzimidazoles with aryl radicals directly attached in position 2
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- C07D251/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings
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- C07D271/107—1,3,4-Oxadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3,4-oxadiazoles with two aryl or substituted aryl radicals attached in positions 2 and 5
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- C07D311/86—Oxygen atoms, e.g. xanthones
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- C07D335/14—Thioxanthenes with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached in position 9
- C07D335/16—Oxygen atoms, e.g. thioxanthones
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Abstract
Description
前記陰極と前記発光層との間に配置される第一の有機化合物層と、前記発光層と前記第一の有機化合物層との間に配置され、かつ前記第一の有機化合物層に接している第二の有機化合物層と、を有し、
前記第一の有機化合物層が、第一の有機化合物を有し、
前記第二の有機化合物層が、第二の有機化合物を有し、
前記第一の有機化合物が、下記一般式[1]で表わされる有機化合物であり、前記第二の有機化合物が、前記第一の有機化合物とは別種の有機化合物であることを特徴とする。
前記発光層と前記陰極との間に配置される有機化合物層を有し、
前記有機化合物層が、第一の有機化合物と、第二の有機化合物とを有し、
前記第一の有機化合物が、下記一般式[1]に示される有機化合物であり、前記第二の有機化合物が、前記第一の有機化合物とは別種の有機化合物であることを特徴とする。
(A)陰極と発光層との間に配置される第一の有機化合物層、及び発光層と第一の有機化合物層との間に配置され、かつ第一の有機化合物層に接している第二の有機化合物層
(B)陰極と発光層との間に配置される有機化合物層
以下、本発明の有機発光素子の具体的な構成について説明する。
次に、本発明の有機発光素子において、下記一般式[1]に示される第一の有機化合物について説明する。尚、本発明において、第一の有機化合物は、電子ドナー性を有する化合物であり、陰極と発光層との間にある有機化合物層の構成材料として用いられる。本発明において、有機化合物層は、好ましくは、陰極に接する層であり、特に好ましくは、電子注入層である。また以下の説明において、一般式[1]の第一の有機化合物を電子ドナー性化合物Xということがある。
次に、本発明の有機発光素子において、発光層と陰極との間にある有機化合物層の構成材料である第二の有機化合物について説明する。本発明において、第二の有機化合物は、好ましくは、下記一般式[3−1]乃至[3−21]、[4−1]及び[4−2]のいずれかに示される化合物である。尚、以下の説明において、第二の有機化合物を電子アクセプター性化合物ということがある。
(A)式[3−1]乃至[3−21]のいずれかに示される基本構造とアリール基とが組み合わさってなる複合置換基
(B)複数のアリール基が組み合わさってなる複合置換基
(C)sp2混成軌道の炭素原子が6個以上存在する縮合多環置換基(複数の部分構造からなる複合置換基も含む)
(A)複数のアリール基が組み合わさってなる複合置換基
(B)sp2混成軌道の炭素原子が6個以上存在する縮合多環置換基(複数の部分構造からなる複合置換基も含む)
本発明においては、有機発光素子を構成する電子注入層に、上述した電子ドナー性化合物と電子アクセプター性化合物とを含ませることにより、本発明の効果を奏するものである。尚、上記電子注入層は、電子ドナー性化合物Xと電子アクセプター性化合物Yとの積層構造であっても良いし、電子ドナー性化合物Xと電子アクセプター性化合物Yとの混合層であっても良い。また本発明においては、電子ドナー性化合物X(第一の有機化合物)と、電子アクセプター性化合物Y(第二の有機化合物)との間で、式[2]が満たされる。
|Vred−Vox|≦1.0V [2]
|Vred−Vox|≦0.5V [5]
(i)陰極から電子を受け取る能力(もしくは陰極に正孔を与える能力)
(ii)(層内において)電荷(電子)を輸送する能力
(iii)陰極とは反対側に位置する有機化合物層(例えば、電子輸送層、正孔ブロック層及び発光層)へ電子を注入する能力
本発明の有機発光素子の構成材料として用いられる電子ドナー性化合物(ビオロゲン化合物)の具体例を以下に示す。ただし本発明はこれら具体例に限定されるものではない。
以下、電子ドナー性化合物Xの具体例として列挙されている化合物について説明する。
本発明の有機発光素子の構成材料として用いられる電子アクセプター性化合物の具体例を以下に示す。ただし本発明はこれら具体例に限定されるものではない。
本発明の有機発光素子において、素子に含まれる構成材料として、上述した電子ドナー性化合物及び電子アクセプター性化合物の他に、公知の化合物を使用することができる。以下にこれらの化合物例を挙げる。
本発明の有機発光素子は、表示装置や照明装置の構成部材として用いることができる。他にも、電子写真方式の画像形成装置の露光光源や液晶表示装置のバックライト、白色光源にカラーフィルターを有する発光装置等の用途がある。カラーフィルターは、例えば、赤、緑、青の3つの色が透過するフィルターが挙げられる。
本発明の有機発光素子を作製する際に使用した電子ドナー性化合物Xであるビオロゲン化合物は、既存の方法で合成した。具体的には、下記反応式に示されるように、ビオロゲン化合物の前駆体であるハロゲン塩を還元することにより得た。
反応容器内に、化合物C1−preと、亜鉛粉末と、エタノールとを投入した後、反応溶液を8時間加熱環流することにより、例示化合物C1が得られた。
反応容器内に、化合物C1−preと、10%アンモニア水と、次亜硫酸ナトリウムと、エタノールとを投入した後、反応溶液を室温で1時間撹拌することにより、例示化合物C1が得られた。
電子ドナー性化合物Xの前駆体であるハロゲン塩及び電子アクセプター化合物を対象として、CV測定を行った。具体的な測定条件を以下に列挙する。
・測定環境(ガス雰囲気):窒素雰囲気
・電解液:0.1Mテトラブチルアンモニウム過塩素酸塩のDMF溶液
・参照電極:Ag/Ag+
・対極:Pt
・作用電極:グラッシーカーボン
・測定装置:電気化学アナライザー(ALS社製、モデル660C)
・挿引速度:1.0V/s
本実施例(実施例1)では、基板の上に、陽極、正孔輸送層、電子ブロッキング層、発光層、電子輸送層、電子注入層及び陰極がこの順で形成されているボトムエミッション構成の有機発光素子を、以下に説明する方法により作製した。
実施例1において、電子注入層の構成材料を、下記表2に示される様に変更したことを除いては、実施例1と同様の方法により有機発光素子を作製した。得られた有機発光素子について、実施例1と同様の方法で素子特性を評価した。結果を表2に示す。
実施例1において、電子注入層を形成する際に、化合物C1のみを膜厚0.5Åで成膜したことを除いては、実施例1と同様の方法により有機発光素子を作製した。得られた有機発光素子について、実施例1と同様の方法で素子特性を評価した。結果を表2に示す。
実施例3において、発光層の構成材料を、下記表3に示される様に変更したことを除いては、実施例3と同様の方法により有機発光素子を作製した。得られた有機発光素子について、実施例3と同様の方法で素子特性を評価した。結果を表2に示す。
実施例1において、電子注入層の構成材料を、下記表4に示される様に変更したことを除いては、実施例1と同様の方法により有機発光素子を作製した。得られた有機発光素子について、実施例1と同様の方法で素子特性を評価した。結果を表4に示す。
基板の上に、陽極、正孔輸送層、電子ブロッキング層、発光層、正孔ブロッキング層、電子注入輸送層及び陰極がこの順で形成されている以下のようなボトムエミッション構成の有機発光素子を作製した。尚、本実施例の有機発光素子を構成する電子注入輸送層は、電子注入層及び電子輸送層の機能を兼ね備えた層である。
実施例32において、電子注入輸送層の構成材料を、下記表6に示される様に変更したことを除いては、実施例32と同様の方法により有機発光素子を作製した。得られた有機発光素子について、実施例32と同様の方法で素子特性を評価した。結果を表6に示す。
本実施例では、実施例32において、金属電極層(陰極)の構成材料を、銀に変更したことを除いては、実施例1と同様の方法により有機発光素子を作製した。
実施例40において、電子注入輸送層の構成材料を、下記表7に示される様に変更したことを除いては、実施例40と同様の方法により有機発光素子を作製した。得られた有機発光素子について、実施例40と同様の方法で素子特性を評価した。結果を表7に示す。
本実施例では、基板上に、第1電極(陽極)と、正孔輸送層、電子ブロック層、発光層、正孔ブロック層、電子注入輸送層と、第2電極(陰極)とがこの順で形成されているトップエミッション構成の有機発光素子を、以下に説明する方法により作製した。
電子ドナー性化合物Xであるビオロゲン化合物は、LUMOが浅い化合物である。このため、比較例1に示されるように、ビオロゲン化合物(電子ドナー性化合物X)のみを成膜して電子注入層を形成しても陰極から電子が注入されないことがわかった。
Claims (16)
- 陽極と、陰極と、前記陽極と前記陰極との間に配置される発光層と、を有する有機発光素子であって、
前記陰極と前記発光層との間に配置される第一の有機化合物層と、前記発光層と前記第一の有機化合物層との間に配置され、かつ前記第一の有機化合物層に接している第二の有機化合物層と、を有し、
前記第一の有機化合物層が、第一の有機化合物を有し、
前記第二の有機化合物層が、第二の有機化合物を有し、
前記第一の有機化合物が、下記一般式[1]で表わされる有機化合物であり、前記第二の有機化合物が、前記第一の有機化合物とは別種の有機化合物であることを特徴とする、有機発光素子。
- 前記第一の有機化合物層が、前記陰極に接する層であることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の有機発光素子。
- 陽極と、陰極と、前記陽極と前記陰極との間に配置されている発光層と、を有する有機発光素子であって、
前記発光層と前記陰極との間に配置される有機化合物層を有し、
前記有機化合物層が、第一の有機化合物と、第二の有機化合物とを有し、
前記第一の有機化合物が、下記一般式[1]に示される有機化合物であり、前記第二の有機化合物が、前記第一の有機化合物とは別種の有機化合物であることを特徴とする、有機発光素子。
- 前記有機化合物層が、前記陰極に接する層であることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の有機発光素子。
- 前記第一の有機化合物と前記第二の化合物の合計に対して、前記第二の有機化合物が、0重量%よりも大きく80重量%以下含まれることを特徴とする、請求項3又は4に記載の有機発光素子。
- 前記第一の有機化合物と、前記第二の有機化合物と、において、下記式[2]が満たされることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載の有機発光素子。
|Vred−Vox|≦1.0V [2]
(式[2]において、Vredは、第二の有機化合物の第一還元電位値を表し、Voxは、第一の有機化合物の第一酸化電位値を表す。) - 前記第一の有機化合物と、前記第二の有機化合物と、において、下記式[5]が満たされることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の有機発光素子。
|Vred−Vox|≦0.5V [5] - 前記第二の有機化合物が、下記一般式[3−1]乃至[3−21]、[4−1]及び[4−2]のいずれかに示される化合物であることを特徴とする、請求項1乃至7のいずれか一項に記載の有機発光素子。
式[4−1]において、ユニットQは、式[3−1]乃至[3−21]のいずれかに示される基本構造又は炭素数6乃至30の芳香環を含む部分構造を表す。mは、0乃至6の整数を表す。ユニットPは、下記に示される置換基のうちのいずれかである。
式[4−2]において、ユニットTは、炭素数6乃至30の芳香環を含む部分構造又は炭素原子と酸素原子とからなる5員環又は6員環の複素環構造を含む部分構造を表す。nは、0乃至6の整数を表す。ユニットZは、下記に示される置換基のうちのいずれかである。
- 複数の画素を有し、
前記複数の画素のうち少なくとも1つが、請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項に記載の有機発光素子と、前記有機発光素子に接続されている能動素子と、を有することを特徴とする、表示装置。 - 前記能動素子が、トランジスタであり、
前記トランジスタは、活性層に酸化物半導体を有することを特徴とする請求項11に記載の表示装置。 - 画像情報を入力する入力部と、画像を表示する表示部とを有し、
前記表示部が、請求項11又は12に記載の表示装置であることを特徴とする、画像情報処理装置。 - 請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項に記載の有機発光素子と、前記有機発光素子に駆動電圧を供給するためのAC/DCコンバーターと、を有することを特徴とする、照明装置。
- 感光体と前記感光体を帯電させる帯電部と、前記感光体を露光する露光部と、前記感光体に現像剤を付与する現像部と、を有し、
前記露光部が、請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項に記載の有機発光素子を有することを特徴とする、画像形成装置。 - 感光体を露光する露光装置であって、
請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項に記載の有機発光素子を有する発光点を複数有し、
前記発光点は、前記感光体の長軸方向に沿ってが列を形成して配置されていることを特徴とする露光装置。
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