JP2013527308A - 磁気熱量材料 - Google Patents
磁気熱量材料 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2013527308A JP2013527308A JP2012556631A JP2012556631A JP2013527308A JP 2013527308 A JP2013527308 A JP 2013527308A JP 2012556631 A JP2012556631 A JP 2012556631A JP 2012556631 A JP2012556631 A JP 2012556631A JP 2013527308 A JP2013527308 A JP 2013527308A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 19
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003746 solid phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010671 solid-state reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012932 thermodynamic analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/012—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials adapted for magnetic entropy change by magnetocaloric effect, e.g. used as magnetic refrigerating material
- H01F1/015—Metals or alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0207—Using a mixture of prealloyed powders or a master alloy
- C22C33/0214—Using a mixture of prealloyed powders or a master alloy comprising P or a phosphorus compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24V—COLLECTION, PRODUCTION OR USE OF HEAT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F24V99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other main groups of this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/043—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by ball milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Compounds Of Iron (AREA)
- Manufacturing Cores, Coils, And Magnets (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
(MnxFe1−x)2+zP1−ySiy
(但し
0.20≦x≦0.40
0.4≦y≦0.8
−0.1≦z≦0.1
である)
の磁気熱量材料について記載されている。
Description
(MnxFe1−x)2+zP1−ySiy
(但し、
0.55≦x<1
0.4≦y≦0.8
−0.1≦z≦0.1
である)
の磁気熱量材料が記載されている。
一般式
(MnxFe1−x)2+zP1−ySiy
(但し
0.20≦x≦0.40
0.4≦y≦0.8
−0.1≦z≦0.1
である)
の磁気熱量材料によって達成される。
yは、最少値は、好ましくは0.4である。yは、最大値は、好ましくは0.6であり、より好ましくは0.44である。より好ましくは、0.4≦y≦0.6で、特に0.4≦y≦0.44である。
a)固体及び/又は液体相中で、磁気熱量材料に相当する化学量論で、化学的元素及び/又は合金を変換する工程、
b)任意に、工程a)からの反応生成物を固体に変換する工程、
c)工程a)又はb)からの固体をか焼及び/又は熱処理する工程、
d)工程c)からか焼された及び/又は熱処理された固体を、少なくとも100K/sの冷却速度で急冷する工程、
を含む、熱磁気の材料を製造するための方法が好ましい。
か焼及び/又は熱処理の後、磁気熱量材料を周囲温度(室温)に徐々に冷却するのではなく、高い冷却速度で急冷することにより、温度ヒステリシスを相当に低減することができ、そして大きな磁気熱量効果を達成することができる。この冷却速度は、少なくとも100K/sである。冷却速度は、好ましくは100〜10000K/s、より好ましくは200〜1300K/sである。特に好ましい冷却速度は、300〜1000K/sである。
Mn0.6Fe1.4P0.6Si0.4の名目化学量論のMnフレーク、Siフレーク、及びFe2P粉の15gの混合物を、BPR(ボールに対する粉の質量割合)が4のプラネタリーボールミル内で、10時間ひいた(粉化した)。次に、粉化で得られた粉を、シリンダー状にプレスし、そして200mbarのアルゴンガス下に、アンプル内にシールした。次に1100℃で2時間、か焼工程を行い、及び850℃で20時間、熱処理工程を行った。炉を冷却した後、試料を取り出した。
このようにして製造された試料の磁気特性をQuantum Design MPMSXL SQUID磁気探知器内で測定した。
Claims (9)
- 一般式
(MnxFe1−x)2+zP1−ySiy
(但し
0.20≦x≦0.40
0.4≦y≦0.8
−0.1≦z≦0.1
である)
の磁気熱量材料。 - 0.27≦x≦0.35であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の磁気熱量材料。
- 0.4≦y≦0.6であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の磁気熱量材料。
- −0.05≦z≦0.05であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載の磁気熱量材料。
- Fe2Pタイプの6面構造を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜4の何れか1項に記載の磁気熱量材料。
- 材料のための出発元素又は出発合金を固相変換又は液相変換させ、任意に冷却し、次にプレス、か焼、及び不活性ガス雰囲気下での熱処理を行い、及び次に室温にまで冷却することにより、又は出発元素又は出発合金を融解紡糸することにより、請求項1〜5の何れか1項に記載の磁気熱量材料を製造するための方法。
- 以下の工程
a)固体及び/又は液体相中で、磁気熱量材料に相当する化学量論で、化学的元素及び/又は合金を変換する工程、
b)任意に、工程a)からの反応生成物を固体に変換する工程、
c)工程a)又はb)からの固体をか焼及び/又は熱処理する工程、
d)工程c)からか焼された及び/又は熱処理された固体を、少なくとも100K/sの冷却速度で急冷する工程、
を含むことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の方法。 - 請求項1〜5の何れか1項に記載の磁気熱量材を、冷却器、熱交換器、又はジェネレータに使用する方法。
- 冷蔵庫に使用する、請求項8に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP10156184 | 2010-03-11 | ||
EP10156184.3 | 2010-03-11 | ||
PCT/IB2011/050982 WO2011111004A1 (en) | 2010-03-11 | 2011-03-09 | Magnetocaloric materials |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2013527308A true JP2013527308A (ja) | 2013-06-27 |
JP5809646B2 JP5809646B2 (ja) | 2015-11-11 |
Family
ID=44562927
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2012556631A Expired - Fee Related JP5809646B2 (ja) | 2010-03-11 | 2011-03-09 | 磁気熱量材料 |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2545563B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5809646B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101848520B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102792393B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2011225713A1 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112012021783A2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2789797A1 (ja) |
NZ (1) | NZ601798A (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2012143308A (ja) |
TW (1) | TW201140625A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2011111004A1 (ja) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101575861B1 (ko) | 2014-02-13 | 2015-12-10 | 충북대학교 산학협력단 | 자기 열량 금속 산화물 및 이의 제조방법 |
WO2016104739A1 (ja) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-06-30 | 大電株式会社 | 磁気冷凍用材料の製造方法 |
JP2018538437A (ja) * | 2015-10-30 | 2018-12-27 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアBasf Se | マンガン、鉄、ケイ素、リン、及び窒素を含む磁気熱量材料 |
JP2019523826A (ja) * | 2016-06-10 | 2019-08-29 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアBasf Se | マンガン、鉄、シリコン、リン及び炭素を含む磁気熱量材料 |
JP2020537110A (ja) * | 2017-10-04 | 2020-12-17 | カラジェン インコーポレイテッドCalagen, Inc. | 熱電冷却を伴う磁場生成 |
US11863090B2 (en) | 2019-08-20 | 2024-01-02 | Calagen, Inc. | Circuit for producing electrical energy |
US11942879B2 (en) | 2019-08-20 | 2024-03-26 | Calagen, Inc. | Cooling module using electrical pulses |
US11996790B2 (en) | 2019-08-20 | 2024-05-28 | Calagen, Inc. | Producing electrical energy using an etalon |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102513536A (zh) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-06-27 | 北京工业大学 | 一种磁制冷材料的制备工艺 |
US9245673B2 (en) | 2013-01-24 | 2016-01-26 | Basf Se | Performance improvement of magnetocaloric cascades through optimized material arrangement |
KR20160003693A (ko) | 2013-05-08 | 2016-01-11 | 바스프 에스이 | 자기 냉각 장치를 위한 회전 자기 차폐 시스템의 용도 |
US9887027B2 (en) | 2013-09-27 | 2018-02-06 | Basf Se | Corrosion inhibitors for Fe2P structure magnetocaloric materials in water |
US11056265B2 (en) | 2017-10-04 | 2021-07-06 | Calagen, Inc. | Magnetic field generation with thermovoltaic cooling |
KR102069770B1 (ko) | 2018-06-07 | 2020-01-23 | 한국생산기술연구원 | 자기열량합금 및 이의 제조 방법 |
KR102665067B1 (ko) * | 2020-01-28 | 2024-05-13 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Al을 포함하는 Mn계 자기열량 물질 |
KR102651747B1 (ko) | 2021-11-30 | 2024-03-28 | 한국재료연구원 | 자기열량합금 및 이의 제조방법 |
CN114540657B (zh) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-11-25 | 中南大学 | 一种具有宽频电磁屏蔽的稀土铜合金材料及其制备方法 |
KR102589531B1 (ko) | 2022-04-20 | 2023-10-16 | 한국재료연구원 | 자기열량합금 및 이의 제조방법 |
Citations (3)
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JP2004537852A (ja) * | 2001-07-31 | 2004-12-16 | スティッチング ヴォール デ テクニッシェ ヴェッテンシャッペン | 磁気冷却用材料、調製および適用 |
JP2006514158A (ja) * | 2003-01-29 | 2006-04-27 | スティッチング ヴォール デ テクニッシェ ヴェッテンシャッペン | 冷却容量を有する磁気材料、当該材料の製造方法および当該材料の使用方法 |
JP2013516780A (ja) * | 2010-01-11 | 2013-05-13 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | 磁気熱量材料 |
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US428057A (en) | 1890-05-13 | Nikola Tesla | Pyromagneto-Electric Generator | |
GB2424901B (en) * | 2005-04-01 | 2011-11-09 | Neomax Co Ltd | Method of making a sintered body of a magnetic alloyl |
DE102006046041A1 (de) * | 2006-09-28 | 2008-04-03 | Siemens Ag | Wärmeübertragungssystem für magnetokalorische Kühleinrichtungen und Herstellungsverfahren für einen dabei verwendeten Wärmeübertrager |
US8293030B2 (en) * | 2007-04-05 | 2012-10-23 | Universite De Lorraine | Intermetallic compounds, their use and a process for preparing the same |
ES2369718T3 (es) * | 2008-03-31 | 2011-12-05 | Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy 1 | Nuevos compuestos intermetálicos, su utilización y procedimiento para su preparación. |
TW201003024A (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2010-01-16 | Basf Se | Open-cell porous shaped bodies for heat exchangers |
NZ588756A (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2012-05-25 | Univ Amsterdam | Method for producing metal-based materials for magnetic cooling or heat pumps |
-
2011
- 2011-03-09 CA CA2789797A patent/CA2789797A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-03-09 RU RU2012143308/07A patent/RU2012143308A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-03-09 BR BR112012021783A patent/BR112012021783A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-03-09 EP EP11752934.7A patent/EP2545563B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-03-09 JP JP2012556631A patent/JP5809646B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-03-09 KR KR1020127026630A patent/KR101848520B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2011-03-09 AU AU2011225713A patent/AU2011225713A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-03-09 CN CN201180013368.6A patent/CN102792393B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-03-09 WO PCT/IB2011/050982 patent/WO2011111004A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-03-09 NZ NZ601798A patent/NZ601798A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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WO2016104739A1 (ja) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-06-30 | 大電株式会社 | 磁気冷凍用材料の製造方法 |
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JP5809646B2 (ja) | 2015-11-11 |
AU2011225713A1 (en) | 2012-08-23 |
CN102792393A (zh) | 2012-11-21 |
CA2789797A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
BR112012021783A2 (pt) | 2016-05-17 |
RU2012143308A (ru) | 2014-04-20 |
KR20130051440A (ko) | 2013-05-20 |
TW201140625A (en) | 2011-11-16 |
WO2011111004A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
NZ601798A (en) | 2014-01-31 |
CN102792393B (zh) | 2016-06-15 |
KR101848520B1 (ko) | 2018-04-12 |
EP2545563A4 (en) | 2016-02-17 |
EP2545563B1 (en) | 2017-05-31 |
EP2545563A1 (en) | 2013-01-16 |
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