JP2013502490A - 摩耗防止組成物および駆動系装置を潤滑する方法 - Google Patents
摩耗防止組成物および駆動系装置を潤滑する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2013502490A JP2013502490A JP2012525617A JP2012525617A JP2013502490A JP 2013502490 A JP2013502490 A JP 2013502490A JP 2012525617 A JP2012525617 A JP 2012525617A JP 2012525617 A JP2012525617 A JP 2012525617A JP 2013502490 A JP2013502490 A JP 2013502490A
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- C10M2223/043—Ammonium or amine salts thereof
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- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
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- C10N2040/046—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for traction drives
Abstract
Description
本発明は、摩耗防止剤およびその潤滑組成物に関する。本発明は、さらに、本明細書に記載されている潤滑組成物を使用することによって駆動系装置を潤滑する方法を提供する。
潤滑組成物を使用する装置の耐久性または耐摩耗性に影響を及ぼす重要なパラメータの1つは、負荷および速度のさまざまな条件下で装置に適切な保護を提供することにおけるリン摩耗防止または極圧添加剤の有効性である。しかし、リン摩耗防止または極圧添加剤の多くは硫黄を含む。増大する環境上の懸念により、摩耗防止または極圧添加剤中の硫黄の存在は望ましくなくなりつつある。さらに、硫黄を含有する摩耗防止または極圧添加剤の多くは揮発性の硫黄化学種を発生し、その結果、同じく環境に有害な臭気を有する摩耗防止または極圧添加剤を含有する潤滑組成物を生じるか、またはますます厳しくなる健康および安全上の法規が規定するより高くなり得る排出物を発生することがある。
本発明の発明者らは、本明細書に開示されている潤滑組成物および方法が、許容されるレベルの(i)硫黄(通常、廃油からの排出を減らすかまたは防ぐ)、(ii)燃料経済性/効率(通常、燃料経済性/効率を改善する)、(iii)酸化制御(通常、酸化を減らすかまたは防ぐ)、(iv)摩擦性能、(v)摩耗および/または極圧性能(通常、摩耗を減らすかまたは防ぐ)、および(vi)堆積物制御の少なくとも1つを提供することができることを発見した。摩耗は、軽減されたリップリング、リッジングおよびスコーリングを含んでよい。摩耗は、駆動系装置のリングおよび/またはピニオンにおいて観測されてよい。
(a)潤滑組成物の0.01重量%から3重量%、または0.01重量%から1重量%、または0.05重量%から0.5重量%、または0.1重量%から0.2重量%(通常0.05重量%から0.5重量%)で存在するヒドロキシカルボン酸の誘導体、および
(b)潤滑組成物の0.01重量%から5重量%、または0.05重量%から2重量%、または0.1重量%から1重量%、または0.2重量%から0.4重量%(通常0.1重量%から1重量%)で存在するリン化合物
を含有する。
本発明は、上記に開示されているように、潤滑組成物および駆動系装置を潤滑する方法を提供する。
本発明は、ヒドロキシカルボン酸から誘導される化合物を含有する潤滑組成物を提供する。ヒドロキシカルボン酸から誘導される化合物は、式
nおよびmは、独立に、1から5の整数であってよく、
Xは、脂肪族もしくは脂環式の基、あるいは炭素鎖中に酸素原子を含む脂肪族もしくは脂環式の基、または置換されている前述の種類の基であってよく、前記の基は最大6個の炭素原子を含み、n+m個の利用可能な結合点を有し、
各Yは、独立に、−O−または>NR1であってよく、あるいは2つのYが一緒になって2つのカルボニル基の間で形成されたイミド構造R−N<の窒素を表してよく、各RおよびR1は、少なくとも1つのRまたはR1基がヒドロカルビル基であるという条件で、独立に、水素またはヒドロカルビル基であってよく、各R2は、少なくとも1つの−OR2基が−C(O)−Y−R基の少なくとも1つに対してαまたはβであるX内の炭素原子にあるという別の条件で、独立に、水素、ヒドロカルビル基またはアシル基であってよい
によって表されてよい。
リン化合物は、ホスフェート炭化水素エステルのアミン塩、4個以上の炭素原子を有する少なくとも1つのヒドロカルビル基を有する、4個以上の炭素原子を有する少なくとも1つのヒドロカルビル基を有する亜リン酸エステル、およびそれらの混合物からなる群から選ばれてよい。
一実施態様において、潤滑組成物はリン化合物を含有し、リン化合物は、ホスフェート炭化水素エステルのアミン塩(すなわちリン酸の炭化水素エステルのアミン塩)であってよい。ホスフェート炭化水素エステルのアミン塩は、ホスフェートのアミン塩から誘導されてよい。ホスフェート炭化水素エステルのアミン塩は、式
R3およびR4は、少なくとも1つが炭化水素基であるという条件で、独立に、水素あるいは通常4から40、または6から30、または6から18、または8から18個の炭素原子を含む炭化水素であってよく、
R5、R6、R7およびR8は、少なくとも1つがヒドロカルビル基であるという条件で、独立に、水素またはヒドロカルビル基であってよい
によって表されてよい。
一実施態様において、潤滑組成物は、4個以上の炭素原子を有する少なくとも1つのヒドロカルビル基を有する亜リン酸エステルを含有する。一実施態様において、潤滑組成物は、8個以上、または12個以上の炭素原子を有する少なくとも1つのヒドロカルビル基を有する亜リン酸エステルを含有する。ヒドロカルビル基の炭素原子の数の通常の範囲は、4から30、または10から24、または12から22、または14から20、または16から18個を含む。亜リン酸エステルは、モノヒドロカルビル置換亜リン酸エステル、ジヒドロカルビル置換亜リン酸エステル、またはトリヒドロカルビル置換亜リン酸エステルであってよい。
R9、R10およびR11の少なくとも1つまたは2つは少なくとも4個の炭素原子を含むヒドロカルビル基であってよく、他は水素またはヒドロカルビル基であってよい
によって表されてよい。一実施態様において、R9、R10およびR11の2つ以上がヒドロカルビル基である。ヒドロカルビル基は、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アリール、非環式、またはそれらの混合物であってよい。3つの(thee)基R9、R10およびR11をすべて有する式において、化合物はトリヒドロカルビル置換亜リン酸エステルであってよい。すなわちR9、R10およびR11はすべてヒドロカルビル基である。
本潤滑組成物は、潤滑粘度の油を含む。そのような油は、天然および合成の油、水素化分解、水素化および水素化精製から誘導された油、未精製油、精製油、再精製油、またはそれらの混合物を含む。国際公開第2008/147704号の段落[0054]から[0056]には、未精製油、精製油、再精製油のより詳細な記載が提供されている。国際公開第2008/147704号の段落[0058]から[0059]には、天然および合成の潤滑油のより詳細な説明がそれぞれ記載されている。合成油は、Fischer−Tropsch反応によって製造されてもよく、通常、水素化異性化されたFischer−Tropsch炭化水素またはワックスであってよい。一実施態様において、油は、Fischer−Tropschガス液化合成手順ならびに他のガス液化油によって調製されてよい。
一実施態様において、本潤滑組成物は、有機スルフィド、またはその混合物をさらに含む。一実施態様において、有機スルフィドは、ポリスルフィド、チアジアゾール化合物、またはそれらの混合物の少なくとも1つを含む。
チアジアゾールの例は、2,5−ジメルカプト−1,3,4−チアジアゾールまたはそのオリゴマー、ヒドロカルビル置換2,5−ジメルカプト−1,3,4−チアジアゾール、ヒドロカルビルチオ置換2,5−ジメルカプト−1,3,4−チアジアゾールまたはそのオリゴマーを含む。ヒドロカルビル置換2,5−ジメルカプト−1,3,4−チアジアゾールのオリゴマーは、通常、2,5−ジメルカプト−1,3,4−チアジアゾール単位の間で硫黄−硫黄結合を形成することによって前記のチアジアゾール単位の2つ以上のオリゴマーを形成する。これらのチアジアゾール化合物は、下記でポリイソブチレンコハク酸イミドのジメルカプトチアジアゾール誘導体の形成において述べられているように、分散剤の後処理においても用いられてよい。
一実施態様において、ポリスルフィド分子の少なくとも50重量%はトリ−またはテトラ−スルフィドの混合物である。他の実施態様において、ポリスルフィド分子の少なくとも55重量%または少なくとも60重量%はトリ−またはテトラ−スルフィドの混合物である。
一実施態様において、本潤滑組成物は、摩擦調整剤をさらに含む。別の実施態様において、摩擦調整剤は、潤滑組成物の0重量%から5重量%、0.1重量%から4重量%、0.25重量%から3.5重量%、0.5重量%から2.5重量%、および1重量%から2.5重量%、または0.05重量%から0.5重量%からなる群から選ばれる範囲で存在する。
本発明の組成物は、任意選択として、少なくとも1つの他の機能性添加剤をさらに含む。他の機能性添加剤は、金属活性低下剤、洗剤、分散剤、粘度調整剤、分散剤粘度調整剤、酸化防止剤、腐食抑制剤、消泡剤、解乳化剤、流動点降下剤、シール膨張剤、およびそれらの混合物を含む。
本発明の方法は、さまざまな駆動系装置利用物を潤滑するのに有用である。駆動系装置は、ギア、ギアボックス、車軸ギア、トラクションドライブ変速装置、自動変速装置または手動変速装置の少なくとも1つを含む。一実施態様において、駆動系装置は、手動変速装置またはギア、ギアボックス、または車軸ギアである。
Claims (15)
- 駆動系装置を潤滑する方法であって、前記駆動系装置に潤滑粘度の油および摩耗防止パッケージを含む潤滑組成物を供給することを含み、前記摩耗防止パッケージは、(a)ヒドロキシカルボン酸の誘導体と、(b)ホスフェート炭化水素エステルのアミン塩、4個以上の炭素原子を有する少なくとも1つのヒドロカルビル基を有する亜リン酸エステル、およびそれらの混合物からなる群から選ばれるリン化合物とを含む方法。
- 前記ヒドロキシカルボン酸の誘導体は、下式
式中、
nおよびmは、独立に、1から5の整数であり、
Xは、脂肪族もしくは脂環式の基、または炭素鎖中に酸素原子を含む脂肪族もしくは脂環式の基、または置換されている前記の種類の基であり、前記基は最大6個の炭素原子を含み、n+mの利用可能な結合点を有し、
各Yは、独立に、−O−、または>NR1であり、あるいは2つのYが一緒になって2つのカルボニル基の間で形成されているイミド構造R−N<の窒素を表し、
各RおよびR1は、少なくとも1つのRまたはR1基がヒドロカルビル基であるという条件で、独立に、水素またはヒドロカルビル基であり、各R2は、少なくとも1つの−OR2基が前記−C(O)−Y−R基の少なくとも1つに対してαまたはβであるX内の炭素原子にあるという別の条件で、独立に、水素、ヒドロカルビル基またはアシル基である
によって表される、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記ヒドロキシカルボン酸は、酒石酸またはクエン酸である、先行する請求項1から2のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記ヒドロキシカルボン酸は、前記潤滑組成物の0.01重量%から3重量%、または0.01重量%から1重量%、または0.05重量%から0.5重量%、または0.1重量%から0.2重量%で存在してよい、先行する請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記リン化合物は硫黄を含んでいない、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記リン化合物は、下式
式中、
R3およびR4は、少なくとも1つが炭化水素基であるという条件で、独立に、水素または通常4から40、または6から30、または6から18、または8から18個の炭素原子を含む炭化水素であり、
R5、R6、R7およびR8は、少なくとも1つがヒドロカルビル基であるという条件で、独立に、水素またはヒドロカルビル基である
によって表されるホスフェート炭化水素エステルのアミン塩である、先行する請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記リン化合物は、4個以上の炭素原子を有する少なくとも1つのヒドロカルビル基を有し、8個以上、または12個以上の炭素原子を有する少なくとも1つのヒドロカルビル基を有する亜リン酸エステルである、先行する請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記亜リン酸エステルは、モノヒドロカルビル置換亜リン酸エステル、ジヒドロカルビル置換亜リン酸エステル、またはトリヒドロカルビル置換亜リン酸エステルである、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 4個以上の炭素原子を有する少なくとも1つのヒドロカルビル基を有する前記亜リン酸エステルは、下式
式中、
R9、R10およびR11の少なくとも2つは少なくとも4個の炭素原子を含むヒドロカルビル基であってよく、他は水素またはヒドロカルビル基であってよい
によって表される、請求項7に記載の方法。 - 前記リン化合物は、ホスフェート炭化水素エステルのアミン塩と、4個以上の炭素原子を有する少なくとも1つのヒドロカルビル基を有する亜リン酸エステルとの混合物である、先行する請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記リン化合物は、前記潤滑組成物の0.01重量%から5重量%、または0.05重量%から2重量%、または0.1重量%から1重量%、または0.2重量%から0.4重量%で存在する、先行する請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 有機スルフィドをさらに含み、前記有機スルフィドは、ポリスルフィド、チアジアゾール化合物、またはそれらの混合物の少なくとも1つを含む、先行する請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- ホウ酸化されたポリイソブチレンコハク酸イミド、またはポリイソブチレンコハク酸イミドのジメルカプトチアジアゾール誘導体をさらに含む、先行する請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 摩擦調整剤をさらに含む、先行する請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- (a)前記ヒドロキシカルボン酸の誘導体は、前記潤滑組成物の0.01重量%から3重量%、または0.01重量%から1重量%、または0.05重量%から0.5重量%、または0.1重量%から0.2重量%(通常0.05重量%から0.5重量%)で存在し、
(b)前記リン化合物は、前記潤滑組成物の0.01重量%から5重量%、または0.05重量%から2重量%、または0.1重量%から1重量%、または0.2重量%から0.4重量%(通常0.1重量%から1重量%)で存在する、
先行する請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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CN102575186A (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
CA2772165A1 (en) | 2011-02-24 |
EP2467458A1 (en) | 2012-06-27 |
EP2467458B1 (en) | 2019-06-26 |
CA2772165C (en) | 2019-06-25 |
WO2011022263A1 (en) | 2011-02-24 |
US8951943B2 (en) | 2015-02-10 |
US20120214718A1 (en) | 2012-08-23 |
KR20170038943A (ko) | 2017-04-07 |
KR101808012B1 (ko) | 2017-12-11 |
KR20120090042A (ko) | 2012-08-16 |
JP5692874B2 (ja) | 2015-04-01 |
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