JP2012092345A - 液状組成物、その製造方法及び固体高分子形燃料電池用膜電極接合体の製造方法 - Google Patents
液状組成物、その製造方法及び固体高分子形燃料電池用膜電極接合体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012092345A JP2012092345A JP2011265695A JP2011265695A JP2012092345A JP 2012092345 A JP2012092345 A JP 2012092345A JP 2011265695 A JP2011265695 A JP 2011265695A JP 2011265695 A JP2011265695 A JP 2011265695A JP 2012092345 A JP2012092345 A JP 2012092345A
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- liquid composition
- membrane
- cerium
- polymer
- manganese
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- Granted
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 146
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- -1 perfluorovinyl compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000002697 manganese compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001785 cerium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- GHLITDDQOMIBFS-UHFFFAOYSA-H cerium(3+);tricarbonate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O GHLITDDQOMIBFS-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000006748 manganese carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011656 manganese carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940093474 manganese carbonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000016 manganese(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 2
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims 4
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract description 35
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000005323 carbonate salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 50
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 31
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 11
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910001437 manganese ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 8
- KHSBAWXKALEJFR-UHFFFAOYSA-H cerium(3+);tricarbonate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O KHSBAWXKALEJFR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 7
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 101100513612 Microdochium nivale MnCO gene Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000000703 Cerium Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- RETNOKWGJNESQA-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);carbonate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O RETNOKWGJNESQA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WAEMQWOKJMHJLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese(2+) Chemical compound [Mn+2] WAEMQWOKJMHJLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZECDDHOAMNMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-H cerium(3+);trisulfate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OZECDDHOAMNMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002696 manganese Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940071125 manganese acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);diacetate Chemical compound [Mn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- HYZQBNDRDQEWAN-LNTINUHCSA-N (z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;manganese(3+) Chemical compound [Mn+3].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O HYZQBNDRDQEWAN-LNTINUHCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CHRJZRDFSQHIFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C CHRJZRDFSQHIFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002492 Ce(NO3)3·6H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021380 Manganese Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Manganese chloride Chemical compound Cl[Mn]Cl GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004693 Polybenzimidazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001260 Pt alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Superoxide Chemical compound [O-][O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920004695 VICTREX™ PEEK Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UGUIQBRMOAZRAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.N.N.N.N.[Ce+3] Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.N.N.N.N.[Ce+3] UGUIQBRMOAZRAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- JHRWWRDRBPCWTF-OLQVQODUSA-N captafol Chemical group C1C=CC[C@H]2C(=O)N(SC(Cl)(Cl)C(Cl)Cl)C(=O)[C@H]21 JHRWWRDRBPCWTF-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JYYOBHFYCIDXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC(O)=O JYYOBHFYCIDXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003421 catalytic decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYPNFSVOZBISQN-LNTINUHCSA-K cerium acetylacetonate Chemical compound [Ce+3].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O PYPNFSVOZBISQN-LNTINUHCSA-K 0.000 description 1
- VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ce](Cl)Cl VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- VGBWDOLBWVJTRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Ce+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VGBWDOLBWVJTRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- QBEGYEWDTSUVHH-UHFFFAOYSA-P diazanium;cerium(3+);pentanitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O QBEGYEWDTSUVHH-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003682 fluorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000002867 manganese chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940099607 manganese chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonic acid group Chemical group P(O)(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001643 poly(ether ketone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001652 poly(etherketoneketone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000412 polyarylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002480 polybenzimidazole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002577 polybenzoxazole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005649 polyetherethersulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920012287 polyphenylene sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1069—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes
- H01M8/1081—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the manufacturing processes starting from solutions, dispersions or slurries exclusively of polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
- B01D67/0011—Casting solutions therefor
- B01D67/00113—Pretreatment of the casting solutions, e.g. thermal treatment or ageing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/14—Dynamic membranes
- B01D69/141—Heterogeneous membranes, e.g. containing dispersed material; Mixed matrix membranes
- B01D69/1411—Heterogeneous membranes, e.g. containing dispersed material; Mixed matrix membranes containing dispersed material in a continuous matrix
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/76—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74
- B01D71/82—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74 characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. introduced by chemical after-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
- C08J3/205—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring in the presence of a continuous liquid phase
- C08J3/21—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring in the presence of a continuous liquid phase the polymer being premixed with a liquid phase
- C08J3/212—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring in the presence of a continuous liquid phase the polymer being premixed with a liquid phase and solid additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
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Abstract
【解決手段】3価又は4価のセリウム、及び2価又は3価のマンガンからなる群から選ばれる1種以上と、陽イオン交換基を有する高分子化合物とを含む液状組成物により、電解質膜を作製する。好ましくは水とセリウム又はマンガンの炭酸塩と陽イオン交換基を有する高分子化合物とを含む液状組成物でキャスト製膜したものを電解質膜として膜電極接合体を作製する。高いエネルギー効率での発電が可能であり、供給ガスの露点によらず、高い発電性能を有し、かつ長期間に渡って安定した発電が可能な固体高分子形燃料電池用膜電極接合体を提供できる。
【選択図】なし
Description
CF2=CF2/CF2=CFOCF2CF(CF3)O(CF2)2SO3H共重合体(イオン交換容量1.1ミリ当量/g乾燥樹脂)300gとエタノール420gと水280gとを2Lオートクレーブに仕込み、密閉し、ダブルヘリカル翼にて105℃で6時間混合撹拌して均一な液(以下、溶液Aという)を得た。溶液Aの固形分濃度は30質量%であった。
粒状の市販のポリエーテルエーテルケトン(英国Victrex社製、PEEK−450P)60gを98質量%の硫酸1200gに室温で少量ずつ添加し、室温で60時間撹拌することにより、ポリエーテルエーテルケトンにスルホン酸基が導入された高分子化合物の均一な溶液を得た。次にこの溶液を、5Lの蒸留水に冷却しながら徐徐に滴下することで、スルホン酸基を有するポリエーテルエーテルケトンを析出させ、濾過して分離した。次いでこれを蒸留水で洗浄液が中性になるまで洗浄し、その後80℃真空下で24時間乾燥して、48gのスルホン酸基を有するポリエーテルエーテルケトンを得た。イオン交換容量は1.6ミリ当量/g乾燥樹脂であった。
300mLガラス製丸底フラスコに、溶液Aを100gと、炭酸セリウム水和物(Ce2(CO3)3・8H2O)1.00gとを仕込み、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)製半月板翼にて、室温で8時間撹拌した。撹拌開始よりCO2発生による気泡が発生したが、最終的には均一な透明の液状組成物を得た(以下、液状組成物Cという)。得られた液状組成物Cの固形分濃度は30.2質量%であった。この組成物を100μmのエチレンーテトラフルオロエチレンコポリマー(ETFE)シート(商品名:アフレックス100N、旭硝子社製)上に、ダイコータにてキャスト塗工し、80℃で10分予備乾燥した後、120℃で10分乾燥し、さらに150℃、30分のアニールを施し、膜厚50μmの固体高分子電解質膜を得た。
例1において炭酸セリウム水和物(Ce2(CO3)3・8H2O)の量を498mgにした以外は例1と同様にして、セリウムの含有率が5モル%の膜を得た。次に、この膜を用いて例1と同様にして膜触媒層接合体を得てさらに膜電極接合体を得た。この膜電極接合体について例1と同様の評価を行うと、表1〜3に示す結果のとおりとなった。
例1において炭酸セリウム水和物(Ce2(CO3)3・8H2O)の量を166mgとした以外は例1と同様にして、セリウムの含有率が1.7モル%の膜を得た。次に、この膜を用いて例1と同様にして膜触媒層接合体を得てさらに膜電極接合体を得た。この膜電極接合体について例1と同様の評価を行うと、表1〜3に示す結果のとおりとなった。
例1で用いた炭酸セリウム水和物のかわりに炭酸マンガン水和物(MnCO3・nH2O、マンガンの含有量が全質量の41〜46%)422mgを使用した以外は例1と同様にして、マンガンの含有率が10モル%の膜を得た。次に、この膜を用いて例1と同様にして膜触媒層接合体を得てさらに膜電極接合体を得る。この膜電極接合体について例1と同様の評価を行うと、表1〜3に示す結果のとおりとなる。
300mLガラス製丸底フラスコに、溶液Bを100gと、水を20gと、炭酸セリウム(Ce2(CO3)3・8H2O)とを484mg仕込み、PTFE製半月板翼にて、70℃で8時間撹拌する。撹拌の途中、CO2発生による気泡が発生するが、最終的には均一な透明液が得られる。この液状組成物の固形分濃度は8.3%である。この組成物を用いて室温でPTFE製基材にキャスト製膜し、窒素雰囲気で100℃で10時間乾燥してNMPと水を蒸発させることにより、厚さ50μmの膜が得られる。この膜は、例1と同様のICP測定によりセリウムの含有率が10モル%となる。
溶液Aに何も加えずにキャスト製膜して固体高分子電解質膜を得た。電解質膜としてこの膜を用いた以外は例1と同様にして膜触媒層接合体を得て、さらに膜電極接合体を得た。この膜電極接合体について例1と同様の評価を行ったところ、表1〜3に示す結果のとおりとなった。
例5において、炭酸セリウムと水を加えず溶液Bをそのまま使用する以外は例5と同様にして膜触媒層接合体を得てさらに膜電極接合体を得る。この膜電極接合体について例1と同様に評価を行うと、表1〜3に示す結果のとおりとなる。
例1において溶液Aを100gと、炭酸セリウム水和物(Ce2(CO3)3・8H2O)249mgと、さらに炭酸マンガン水和物(MnCO3・nH2O、マンガンの含有量が全質量の41〜46%)170mgとを仕込んだ以外は例1と同様にして液状組成物を得て、膜中のパーフルオロカーボン重合体に含まれる−SO3 −基の2.5モル%のセリウムと、3.75モル%のマンガンを含有する膜を得た。次に、この膜を用いて例1と同様にして膜触媒層接合体を得てさらに膜電極接合体を得た。この膜電極接合体について例1と同様の評価を行ったところ、表1〜3に示す結果のとおりとなった。
溶液Aを100μmのETFEシート(商品名:アフレックス100N、旭硝子社製)上に、ダイコータにてキャスト塗工し、80℃で10分予備乾燥した後、120℃で10分乾燥し、さらに150℃、30分のアニールを施し、膜厚50μm、5cm×5cmの大きさの電解質膜を得た。
例1における液状組成物Cの作製において炭酸セリウム水和物(Ce2(CO3)3・8H2O)2.00gを仕込んだ以外は、例1と同様にして、セリウムの含有率が20モル%である液状組成物を作製した。この液状組成物をアノード触媒層の形成に使用した以外は、例9と同様にして触媒層中のパーフルオロカーボン重合体に含まれる−SO3 −基の20モル%のセリウムを含有するアノード触媒層と、セリウムを含有しないカソード触媒層を高分子電解質膜の両面にそれぞれ接合した膜触媒層接合体を得た。
例1における液状組成物Cの作製において炭酸セリウム水和物のかわりに炭酸マンガン水和物(MnCO3・nH2O、マンガンの含有量が全質量の41〜46%)844mgを仕込んだ以外は、例1と同様にして、マンガンの含有率が20モル%である液状組成物を作製した。この液状組成物をアノード触媒層の形成に使用した以外は、例8と同様にして触媒層中のパーフルオロカーボン重合体に含まれる−SO3 −基の20モル%のマンガンを含有するアノード触媒層と、マンガンを含有しないカソード触媒層を高分子電解質膜の両面にそれぞれ接合した膜触媒層接合体を得る。
なお、2004年6月22日に出願された日本特許出願2004−183712号、2004年7月12日に出願された日本特許出願2004−204704号、および2004年9月13日に出願された日本特許出願2004−265176号の明細書、特許請求の範囲、図面及び要約書の全内容をここに引用し、本発明の明細書の開示として、取り入れるものである。
Claims (15)
- 3価又は4価のセリウム、及び2価又は3価のマンガンからなる群から選ばれる1種以上と、陽イオン交換基を有する高分子化合物とを含むことを特徴とする液状組成物。
- 陽イオン交換基はスルホン酸基である請求項1に記載の液状組成物。
- 水が含まれる請求項1又は2に記載の液状組成物。
- 前記高分子化合物は、スルホン酸基を有するパーフルオロカーボン重合体(エーテル性酸素原子を含んでいてもよい)からなる請求項2又は3に記載の液状組成物。
- 3価又は4価のセリウムが、前記高分子化合物中の−SO3 −のモル数の0.3〜30モル%含まれる請求項2〜4のいずれかに記載の液状組成物。
- 2価又は3価のマンガンが、前記高分子化合物中の−SO3 −のモル数の0.5〜45モル%含まれる請求項2〜4のいずれかに記載の液状組成物。
- 前記高分子化合物は、イオン交換容量が0.5〜3.0ミリ当量/g乾燥樹脂である請求項2〜6のいずれかに記載の液状組成物。
- 前記高分子化合物は、テトラフルオロエチレンに基づく繰り返し単位とCF2=CF−(OCF2CFX)m−Op−(CF2)n−SO3Hで表されるパーフルオロビニル化合物(Xはフッ素原子又はトリフルオロメチル基であり、mは0〜3の整数を示し、nは1〜12の整数を示し、pは0又は1を示す。)に基づく繰り返し単位とを含む共重合体である請求項2〜7のいずれかに記載の液状組成物。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の液状組成物の製造方法であって、陽イオン交換基を有する高分子化合物を液体中に溶解又は分散させた後、セリウム化合物及びマンガン化合物からなる群から選ばれる1種以上をこれに混合することを特徴とする液状組成物の製造方法。
- 前記液体には水が含まれ、かつ前記セリウム化合物及び前記マンガン化合物からなる群から選ばれる1種以上は、炭酸塩である請求項9に記載の液状組成物の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の液状組成物をキャスト製膜することを特徴とする膜の製造方法。
- 陽イオン交換基を有する高分子化合物を、水を含む液体中に溶解又は分散させた後、セリウムの炭酸塩又はマンガンの炭酸塩を溶解させて前記液状組成物を得る請求項11に記載の膜の製造方法。
- 触媒及び高分子電解質を含む触媒層を有するカソード及びアノードと、前記カソードと前記アノードとの間に配置される固体高分子電解質膜からなる固体高分子形燃料電池用膜電極接合体の製造方法であって、前記固体高分子電解質膜を請求項11又は12の方法により作製することを特徴とする固体高分子形燃料電池用膜電極接合体の製造方法。
- 触媒及び高分子電解質を含む触媒層を有するカソード及びアノードと、前記カソードと前記アノードとの間に配置される固体高分子電解質膜からなる固体高分子形燃料電池用膜電極接合体の製造方法であって、請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の液状組成物に前記触媒を分散させ、塗工することにより前記カソード及び前記アノードの少なくとも一方の触媒層を作製することを特徴とする固体高分子形燃料電池用膜電極接合体の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜8のいずれかに記載の液状組成物に前記触媒を分散させ、塗工することにより前記カソード及び前記アノードの少なくとも一方の触媒層を作製する請求項13に記載の固体高分子形燃料電池用膜電極接合体の製造方法。
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2005
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- 2005-06-22 AT AT05752908T patent/ATE491237T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-06-22 EP EP05752908A patent/EP1760812B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2005-06-22 WO PCT/JP2005/011468 patent/WO2005124912A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
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US11367870B2 (en) | 2017-05-31 | 2022-06-21 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Ultrastable rechargeable manganese battery with solid-liquid-gas reactions |
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Also Published As
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US9331354B2 (en) | 2016-05-03 |
DE602005025213D1 (de) | 2011-01-20 |
US20190067722A1 (en) | 2019-02-28 |
CA2567305A1 (en) | 2005-12-29 |
US20060019140A1 (en) | 2006-01-26 |
JP5287969B2 (ja) | 2013-09-11 |
EP1760812A1 (en) | 2007-03-07 |
ATE491237T1 (de) | 2010-12-15 |
JP3897059B2 (ja) | 2007-03-22 |
US20130309596A1 (en) | 2013-11-21 |
WO2005124912A1 (ja) | 2005-12-29 |
JPWO2005124912A1 (ja) | 2008-04-17 |
US7943249B2 (en) | 2011-05-17 |
EP1760812A4 (en) | 2008-02-13 |
US20160197370A1 (en) | 2016-07-07 |
US8546004B2 (en) | 2013-10-01 |
US10153506B2 (en) | 2018-12-11 |
US10916790B2 (en) | 2021-02-09 |
CA2567305C (en) | 2013-10-08 |
US20110212383A1 (en) | 2011-09-01 |
EP1760812B1 (en) | 2010-12-08 |
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